Question 1

In which type of regulation do hormones act on the cells that produce it?

Accepted Answer

A)  classical endocrine signaling 
B)  neuroendocrine signaling 
C)  paracrine signaling 
D)  autocrine signaling 
E)  pheromone signaling 
A)  classical endocrine signaling 
B)  neuroendocrine signaling 
C)  paracrine signaling 
D)  autocrine signaling 
E)  pheromone signaling

Question 2

Which hormone stimulates insect growth and molting?

Accepted Answer

A)  ecdysiotropin 
B)  juvenile hormone 
C)  histamine 
D)  pheromone 
E)  ecdysone 
A)  ecdysiotropin 
B)  juvenile hormone 
C)  histamine 
D)  pheromone 
E)  ecdysone

Question 3

Which of the following are incorrectly paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas-glucagon 
B)  hypothalamus-oxytocin 
C)  pineal gland-melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex-glucocorticoids 
E)  thyroid gland-thyroxine 
A)  pancreas-glucagon 
B)  hypothalamus-oxytocin 
C)  pineal gland-melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex-glucocorticoids 
E)  thyroid gland-thyroxine

Question 4

Prolactin appears to help us recognize familiar faces and trust other people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

All of the following hormones are synthesized from cholesterol except:

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  progesterone. 
D)  testosterone. 
E)  prostaglandin. 
A)  cortisol. 
B)  estrogen. 
C)  progesterone. 
D)  testosterone. 
E)  prostaglandin.

Question 6

Chronic stress:

Accepted Answer

A)  is associated with elevated levels of glucocorticoids. 
B)  may lead to the excessive stimulation of neurons. 
C)  increases blood flow to the brain, especially the hippocampus. 
D)  results in lower levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
E)  promotes the linear growth of the skeleton. 
A)  is associated with elevated levels of glucocorticoids. 
B)  may lead to the excessive stimulation of neurons. 
C)  increases blood flow to the brain, especially the hippocampus. 
D)  results in lower levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
E)  promotes the linear growth of the skeleton.

Question 7

Compare and contrast the mechanism of action of a steroid and a protein-type hormone at the cellular level.

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormones are lipid soluble and t

Question 8

Which of the following is not a hormone that uses the mechanism of action of peptide hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  ADH 
D)  ecdysone 
E)  growth hormone 
A)  insulin 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  ADH 
D)  ecdysone 
E)  growth hormone

Question 9

Hormones regulate their effects on cells by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback. 
B)  receptor up-regulation. 
C)  receptor down-regulation. 
D)  signal transduction. 
E)  metamorphosis. 
A)  negative feedback. 
B)  receptor up-regulation. 
C)  receptor down-regulation. 
D)  signal transduction. 
E)  metamorphosis.

Question 10

When blood calcium levels are high

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle spasms would occur. 
B)  the release of parathyroid hormone would increase. 
C)  neurons may fire spontaneously. 
D)  the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney tubules would decrease. 
E)  the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney tubules would increase. 
A)  muscle spasms would occur. 
B)  the release of parathyroid hormone would increase. 
C)  neurons may fire spontaneously. 
D)  the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney tubules would decrease. 
E)  the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney tubules would increase.

Question 11

Why doesn't every cell in the body respond to every hormone circulating in the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each cell has a limited number of protein channels that shuttle hormones through its membrane. 
B)  Not all hormones can diffuse through all cell membranes. 
C)  The concentration of some hormones is too low to stimulate every cell. 
D)  Each cell has specific surface receptors, which interact only with hormones that they recognize. 
E)  Although all hormones bind to all cell surfaces, some cells lack second messengers for expression. 
A)  Each cell has a limited number of protein channels that shuttle hormones through its membrane. 
B)  Not all hormones can diffuse through all cell membranes. 
C)  The concentration of some hormones is too low to stimulate every cell. 
D)  Each cell has specific surface receptors, which interact only with hormones that they recognize. 
E)  Although all hormones bind to all cell surfaces, some cells lack second messengers for expression.

Question 12

Figure 49-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following is not a local regulator?

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  nitric oxide 
D)  growth factors 
E)  insulin 
A)  histamine 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  nitric oxide 
D)  growth factors 
E)  insulin

Question 13

Arrange the following events in the correct sequence. 1)
Thyroid gland secretes less hormone
2)
Homeostasis
3)
High concentration of thyroid hormones
4)
Anterior pituitary secretes less TSH

Accepted Answer

A)  2 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$3 
B)  2 $\rightarrow$ 3 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$ 1 
C)  3 $\rightarrow$4 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$2 
D)  4 $\rightarrow$ 3$\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 2 
E)  1 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$ 3 $\rightarrow$ 2 
A)  2 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$3 
B)  2 $\rightarrow$ 3 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$ 1 
C)  3 $\rightarrow$4 $\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$2 
D)  4 $\rightarrow$ 3$\rightarrow$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 2 
E)  1 $\rightarrow$ 4 $\rightarrow$ 3 $\rightarrow$ 2

Question 14

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood leads to enlarged hands, face, and feet, a condition known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  dwarfism. 
B)  gigantism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  goiter. 
E)  cretinism. 
A)  dwarfism. 
B)  gigantism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  goiter. 
E)  cretinism.

Question 15

Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the __________ that can have __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood: stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
B)  lymph ducts; stimulatory effects 
C)  ducts; stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
D)  neurons; stimulatory effects 
E)  glands; inhibitory effects 
A)  blood: stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
B)  lymph ducts; stimulatory effects 
C)  ducts; stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
D)  neurons; stimulatory effects 
E)  glands; inhibitory effects

Question 16

The ________ gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior pituitary 
B)  pineal 
C)  posterior pituitary 
D)  thyroid 
E)  parathyroid 
A)  anterior pituitary 
B)  pineal 
C)  posterior pituitary 
D)  thyroid 
E)  parathyroid

Question 17

Figure 49-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Which of the following statements about paracrine regulation is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hormones released only stimulate the cells that secreted them. 
B)  The hormones released only inhibit the cells that secreted them. 
C)  The hormones released act on nearby target cells. 
D)  The hormones released are transported down axons. 
E)  The hormones released link the endocrine and nervous systems. 
A)  The hormones released only stimulate the cells that secreted them. 
B)  The hormones released only inhibit the cells that secreted them. 
C)  The hormones released act on nearby target cells. 
D)  The hormones released are transported down axons. 
E)  The hormones released link the endocrine and nervous systems.

Question 18

Steroid hormones bind with G-protein linked receptors in plasma membranes of target cells.
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Figure 49-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).  
-Refer to Figure 49-1.Insulin-like growth factor would be included with which of the following pairs?

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  3, 4 
C)  6, 9 
D)  7, 8 
E)  10, 11 
A)  1, 2 
B)  3, 4 
C)  6, 9 
D)  7, 8 
E)  10, 11

Question 20

Which of the following endocrine glands are incorrectly paired with its target?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas-liver 
B)  hypothalamus-pituitary 
C)  pineal gland-hypothalamus 
D)  adrenal medulla-kidney tubules 
E)  thyroid gland-bone 
A)  pancreas-liver 
B)  hypothalamus-pituitary 
C)  pineal gland-hypothalamus 
D)  adrenal medulla-kidney tubules 
E)  thyroid gland-bone

Exam 49: Endocrine Regulation

In which type of regulation do hormones act on the cells that produce it?

Which hormone stimulates insect growth and molting?

Which of the following are incorrectly paired?

Prolactin appears to help us recognize familiar faces and trust other people.

All of the following hormones are synthesized from cholesterol except:

Chronic stress:

Compare and contrast the mechanism of action of a steroid and a protein-type hormone at the cellular level.

Which of the following is not a hormone that uses the mechanism of action of peptide hormones?

Hormones regulate their effects on cells by all of the following EXCEPT:

When blood calcium levels are high

Why doesn't every cell in the body respond to every hormone circulating in the bloodstream?

Figure 49-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following is not a local regulator?

Arrange the following events in the correct sequence. 1) Thyroid gland secretes less hormone 2) Homeostasis 3) High concentration of thyroid hormones 4) Anterior pituitary secretes less TSH

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood leads to enlarged hands, face, and feet, a condition known as:

Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the __________ that can have __________.

The ________ gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Figure 49-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Which of the following statements about paracrine regulation is true?

Steroid hormones bind with G-protein linked receptors in plasma membranes of target cells. ____________________

Figure 49-1 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). -Refer to Figure 49-1.Insulin-like growth factor would be included with which of the following pairs?

Which of the following endocrine glands are incorrectly paired with its target?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna: the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the that can have .