Question 1

Which of the following genera of bacteria would NOT change the color of N,N,N',N'7' -tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine to purple/black upon exposure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salmonella 
B)  Brucella 
C)  Pseudomonas 
D)  Bordetella 
E)  Campylobacter 
A)  Salmonella 
B)  Brucella 
C)  Pseudomonas 
D)  Bordetella 
E)  Campylobacter

Question 2

An antigen-capture ELISA could be looking for all of the following in a person who is presumed to have a severe acute lung infection EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  mycobacterium antigens. 
B)  SARS antigens. 
C)  Haemophilus sp. antigens. 
D)  pneumococcal antigens. 
E)  anti-influenza antibodies. 
A)  mycobacterium antigens. 
B)  SARS antigens. 
C)  Haemophilus sp. antigens. 
D)  pneumococcal antigens. 
E)  anti-influenza antibodies.

Question 3

Molecular screening is now being used to detect individuals with early stages of TB because

Accepted Answer

A)  skin testing is unreliable and needs refrigeration that many countries may not have. 
B)  vaccination with Bacille Calmette-Guérin does not protect against multidrug resistance. 
C)  many countries do not have disposable needles for skin testing. 
D)  it can detect infection earlier than chest X-rays and sputum sampling. 
E)  it can be used more safely on children with the disease. 
A)  skin testing is unreliable and needs refrigeration that many countries may not have. 
B)  vaccination with Bacille Calmette-Guérin does not protect against multidrug resistance. 
C)  many countries do not have disposable needles for skin testing. 
D)  it can detect infection earlier than chest X-rays and sputum sampling. 
E)  it can be used more safely on children with the disease.

Question 4

Which of the following is a reportable, biosafety level III organism that causes low-grade fever, chills, headache, and malaise followed by a dry cough, shortness of breath, and chest heaviness?

Accepted Answer

A)  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas 
B)  Plasmodium falciparum 
C)  West Nile virus 
D)  Bacillus anthracis 
E)  Yersinia pestis 
A)  methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureas 
B)  Plasmodium falciparum 
C)  West Nile virus 
D)  Bacillus anthracis 
E)  Yersinia pestis

Question 5

As point of care (POC) tests are developed, two concerns are sensitivity and specificity. Which of the following statements are true with respect to these terms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensitivity deals with how much you can dilute the sample to get a result, whereas specificity deals with how much you dilute a control serum to get a result. 
B)  Sensitivity deals with how many false positives you get, whereas specificity deals with false negatives. 
C)  Sensitivity deals with distinguishing between closely related samples such as group A Streptococcus versus group B Streptococcus. Specificity quantitates those differences. 
D)  Sensitivity deals with how often a test is positive when the patient has the disease, whereas specificity deals with how often the test is negative when the patient does not have the disease. 
E)  The sensitivity and specificity of a test must be confirmatory or the test is useless. 
A)  Sensitivity deals with how much you can dilute the sample to get a result, whereas specificity deals with how much you dilute a control serum to get a result. 
B)  Sensitivity deals with how many false positives you get, whereas specificity deals with false negatives. 
C)  Sensitivity deals with distinguishing between closely related samples such as group A Streptococcus versus group B Streptococcus. Specificity quantitates those differences. 
D)  Sensitivity deals with how often a test is positive when the patient has the disease, whereas specificity deals with how often the test is negative when the patient does not have the disease. 
E)  The sensitivity and specificity of a test must be confirmatory or the test is useless.

Question 6

Direct fluorescent staining of infected tissue samples taken from a patient allows for rapid identification under what circumstances?

Accepted Answer

A)  hard-to-culture organisms 
B)  protist infections 
C)  Gram-negative organisms 
D)  intracellular infections 
E)  metabolically active organisms 
A)  hard-to-culture organisms 
B)  protist infections 
C)  Gram-negative organisms 
D)  intracellular infections 
E)  metabolically active organisms

Question 7

The figure below shows the mass to charge ratios of two pathogenic Neisseria sp. The molecule being measured is ________ and the technique being used is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein; riboswitch sensor 
B)  protein; MALDI-TOF-MS 
C)  DNA; riboswitch sensor 
D)  DNA; MALDI-TOF-MS 
E)  RNA; riboswitch sensor 
A)  protein; riboswitch sensor 
B)  protein; MALDI-TOF-MS 
C)  DNA; riboswitch sensor 
D)  DNA; MALDI-TOF-MS 
E)  RNA; riboswitch sensor

Question 8

Compare and contrast the epidemiological terms "endemic," "epidemic," and "pandemic." Give an example of each to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Endemic diseases are

Question 9

A defining commonality between biosafety risk group II handling techniques and a biosafety IV facility would be the need for

Accepted Answer

A)  a personal positive-pressure suit. 
B)  an isolation facility. 
C)  a negative-pressurized lab space. 
D)  directional air flow in the room. 
E)  the use of aseptic techniques. 
A)  a personal positive-pressure suit. 
B)  an isolation facility. 
C)  a negative-pressurized lab space. 
D)  directional air flow in the room. 
E)  the use of aseptic techniques.

Question 10

A hemolysis reaction (on a blood agar plate) with an unidentified colony that results in a green zone due to oxidized iron in nonlysed red blood cells would be called

Accepted Answer

A)  beta-hemolytic. 
B)  nonhemolytic. 
C)  gamma-hemolytic. 
D)  alpha-hemolytic. 
E)  epsilon-hemolytic. 
A)  beta-hemolytic. 
B)  nonhemolytic. 
C)  gamma-hemolytic. 
D)  alpha-hemolytic. 
E)  epsilon-hemolytic.

Question 11

The correct definition of "bioweapon" is any

Accepted Answer

A)  agent categorized as a biosafety level IV organism. 
B)  infectious disease spread person to person with a low mortality rate. 
C)  agent causing widespread psychological trauma, with few casualties. 
D)  microbial agent or pieces of microbes that can be loaded into bombs. 
E)  infectious agent or toxin that has a high virulence and/or mortality rate. 
A)  agent categorized as a biosafety level IV organism. 
B)  infectious disease spread person to person with a low mortality rate. 
C)  agent causing widespread psychological trauma, with few casualties. 
D)  microbial agent or pieces of microbes that can be loaded into bombs. 
E)  infectious agent or toxin that has a high virulence and/or mortality rate.

Question 12

Lowenstein-Jensen agar is used to culture ________ bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  all Gram-negative 
B)  beta lactase-producing 
C)  mycolic acid-containing 
D)  all Gram-positive 
E)  toxin-producing enteric 
A)  all Gram-negative 
B)  beta lactase-producing 
C)  mycolic acid-containing 
D)  all Gram-positive 
E)  toxin-producing enteric

Question 13

Laboratory analysis of a patient suspected to have bacterial meningitis would be performed with which type of sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  urine sample 
B)  blood draw 
C)  throat swab 
D)  sputum sampling 
E)  lumbar puncture 
A)  urine sample 
B)  blood draw 
C)  throat swab 
D)  sputum sampling 
E)  lumbar puncture

Question 14

As a disease detective investigating an outbreak in the cafeteria of your college, what would be some of the first steps you would need to take to begin your investigation, other than laboratory testing?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. One of the first thin

Question 15

Which of the following would NOT be a task for an epidemiologist?

Accepted Answer

A)  keeping track of the incidence and prevalence of disease and reportable diseases 
B)  helping to assess the effectiveness of treatments of preventions 
C)  performing basic research to understand how the etiological agents causes symptoms 
D)  coordinating global measures to minimize an outbreak or epidemic 
E)  finding patient zero 
A)  keeping track of the incidence and prevalence of disease and reportable diseases 
B)  helping to assess the effectiveness of treatments of preventions 
C)  performing basic research to understand how the etiological agents causes symptoms 
D)  coordinating global measures to minimize an outbreak or epidemic 
E)  finding patient zero

Exam 28: Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Which of the following genera of bacteria would NOT change the color of N,N,N',N'7' -tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine to purple/black upon exposure?

An antigen-capture ELISA could be looking for all of the following in a person who is presumed to have a severe acute lung infection EXCEPT

Molecular screening is now being used to detect individuals with early stages of TB because

Which of the following is a reportable, biosafety level III organism that causes low-grade fever, chills, headache, and malaise followed by a dry cough, shortness of breath, and chest heaviness?

As point of care (POC) tests are developed, two concerns are sensitivity and specificity. Which of the following statements are true with respect to these terms?

Direct fluorescent staining of infected tissue samples taken from a patient allows for rapid identification under what circumstances?

The figure below shows the mass to charge ratios of two pathogenic Neisseria sp. The molecule being measured is ________ and the technique being used is ________.

Compare and contrast the epidemiological terms "endemic," "epidemic," and "pandemic." Give an example of each to support your answer.

A defining commonality between biosafety risk group II handling techniques and a biosafety IV facility would be the need for

A hemolysis reaction (on a blood agar plate) with an unidentified colony that results in a green zone due to oxidized iron in nonlysed red blood cells would be called

The correct definition of "bioweapon" is any

Lowenstein-Jensen agar is used to culture ________ bacteria.

Laboratory analysis of a patient suspected to have bacterial meningitis would be performed with which type of sample?

As a disease detective investigating an outbreak in the cafeteria of your college, what would be some of the first steps you would need to take to begin your investigation, other than laboratory testing?

Which of the following would NOT be a task for an epidemiologist?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

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The figure below shows the mass to charge ratios of two pathogenic Neisseria sp. The molecule being measured is and the technique being used is .