Exam 7: Genomes and Chromosomes

The genome of the bacterium ________, the agent of Lyme disease, is not contained in a circular DNA molecule but rather in a linear chromosome and more than twenty plasmids.

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Question 1

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How are archaeal genomes and gene expression mechanisms similar to both bacterial and eukaryotic genomes?

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Question 2

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Like bacteria, reproduction in archaea is primarily asexual. Archaea are true prokaryotes because their cells lack a nuclear membrane, but the structure of DNA-packing proteins, RNA polymerase, and ribosomal components more closely resemble those of eukaryotes.

Refer to the figure below and describe the mechanism of action for type I topoisomerases.

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Question 3

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Answers may vary, but basically should reflect the following: (1) A type I topoisomerase (e.g., E. coli topo I) cleaves one strand of a DNA double helix and grasps both ends of the break. (2) Using the intrinsic energy released by the break, the enzyme passes the intact strand through the break and relegates the cleaved strand. (3) As the double helix winds in the modified region, a negative supercoil is lost, thus relaxing a negative supercoiled DNA molecule.

In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to __, II points to , and III points to _.

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Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which plasmids increase the possibility of being present in the new generation of cells?

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Question 5

Cite three examples of the use of metagenomics in the advancement of our knowledge of microbiomes.

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Question 6

A nucleoid gently released from Escherichia coli appears as 30-100 tightly wound loops, each defined by anchoring

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Question 7

The ability of cohesive ends of DNA from different organisms to ________ constitutes the basis of recombinant DNA technology.

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Question 8

Describe the functions of DNA Pol III.

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Question 9

Pieces of DNA that have been cut with restriction enzymes can anneal and then be covalently bonded using the enzyme

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Question 10

The first steps in bacterial DNA replication are represented in the figure below, in which the letters T and U point to ________, respectively.

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Question 11

Use the figure below to describe the process of RNA primer elimination in the synthesis of the lagging strand. What are the names of the enzymes indicated by the numbers?

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Question 12

The main replication DNA polymerase in E. coli is Pol III. What type of bonds do DNA polymerases form?

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Question 13

What is the approximate size of Okazaki fragments in E. coli?

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Question 14

The natural function of ________ is to cut the DNA of invading plasmids and phages at specific sequences.

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Question 15

The entire genetic complement of DNA in a cell of a particular organism is called

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Question 16

The backbone of the DNA double helix allows the formation of major and minor ________ through which DNA-binding proteins interact with the bases without separating the strands.

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Question 17

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates pieces of linear DNA based on

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Question 18

Errors during replication are corrected by the DNA proofreading activity intrinsic to DNA Pol

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Question 19

Which of the following is a process that involves cell-to-cell contact to move a plasmid from a donor cell to a recipient cell?

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 70

Exam 7: Genomes and Chromosomes

The genome of the bacterium ________, the agent of Lyme disease, is not contained in a circular DNA molecule but rather in a linear chromosome and more than twenty plasmids.

How are archaeal genomes and gene expression mechanisms similar to both bacterial and eukaryotic genomes?

Refer to the figure below and describe the mechanism of action for type I topoisomerases.

In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to ________, II points to ________, and III points to _______.

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which plasmids increase the possibility of being present in the new generation of cells?

Cite three examples of the use of metagenomics in the advancement of our knowledge of microbiomes.

A nucleoid gently released from Escherichia coli appears as 30-100 tightly wound loops, each defined by anchoring

The ability of cohesive ends of DNA from different organisms to ________ constitutes the basis of recombinant DNA technology.

Describe the functions of DNA Pol III.

Pieces of DNA that have been cut with restriction enzymes can anneal and then be covalently bonded using the enzyme

The first steps in bacterial DNA replication are represented in the figure below, in which the letters T and U point to ________, respectively.

Use the figure below to describe the process of RNA primer elimination in the synthesis of the lagging strand. What are the names of the enzymes indicated by the numbers?

The main replication DNA polymerase in E. coli is Pol III. What type of bonds do DNA polymerases form?

What is the approximate size of Okazaki fragments in E. coli?

The natural function of ________ is to cut the DNA of invading plasmids and phages at specific sequences.

The entire genetic complement of DNA in a cell of a particular organism is called

The backbone of the DNA double helix allows the formation of major and minor ________ through which DNA-binding proteins interact with the bases without separating the strands.

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates pieces of linear DNA based on

Errors during replication are corrected by the DNA proofreading activity intrinsic to DNA Pol

Which of the following is a process that involves cell-to-cell contact to move a plasmid from a donor cell to a recipient cell?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

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In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to __, II points to , and III points to _.