Question 1

Haloarchaea can regulate their buoyancy through the production of

Accepted Answer

A)  contractile vacuoles. 
B)  pigments. 
C)  salt. 
D)  gas vesicles. 
E)  carbon dioxide. 
A)  contractile vacuoles. 
B)  pigments. 
C)  salt. 
D)  gas vesicles. 
E)  carbon dioxide. D

Question 2

Nitrosopumilus maritimus is able to oxidize

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrate. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  sulfide. 
D)  sulfate. 
E)  methane. 
A)  nitrate. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  sulfide. 
D)  sulfate. 
E)  methane. B

Question 3

Which of the following contains saturated salts of essentially the same ionic proportions as the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  thalassic lakes 
B)  athalassic lakes 
C)  solar salterns 
D)  undersea brine pools 
E)  underground salt deposits 
A)  thalassic lakes 
B)  athalassic lakes 
C)  solar salterns 
D)  undersea brine pools 
E)  underground salt deposits A

Question 4

Discuss the genome and morphology of known archaeal viruses. Why are their genomes all similar in structure?

Accepted Answer

All known archaeal viruses have double-s

Question 5

Where are methanogens found in nature? What are some of the problems they can cause in these habitats?

Accepted Answer

Methanogens are found in wetland soil an

Question 6

Archaeoglobus fulgidus conserves energy by sulfate respiration, which drives a unique acetyl-CoA degradation pathway involving the reversal of

Accepted Answer

A)  methanogenesis. 
B)  glycolysis. 
C)  flagella rotation. 
D)  the TCA cycle. 
E)  electron transport. 
A)  methanogenesis. 
B)  glycolysis. 
C)  flagella rotation. 
D)  the TCA cycle. 
E)  electron transport.

Question 7

Which is the model haloarchaeon for molecular biology education?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haloarcula 
B)  Haloquadra 
C)  Halorubrum 
D)  Halobacterium 
E)  Halococcus 
A)  Haloarcula 
B)  Haloquadra 
C)  Halorubrum 
D)  Halobacterium 
E)  Halococcus

Question 8

In the haloarchaea, the red pigment bacterioruberin protects cells from damage by

Accepted Answer

A)  light. 
B)  salt. 
C)  heat. 
D)  acid. 
E)  cold. 
A)  light. 
B)  salt. 
C)  heat. 
D)  acid. 
E)  cold.

Question 9

Nanoarchaeum equitans is a hyperthermophilic symbiont of

Accepted Answer

A)  Ignicoccus. 
B)  Sulfolobus. 
C)  Halobacterium. 
D)  Methanococcus. 
E)  Thermoplasma. 
A)  Ignicoccus. 
B)  Sulfolobus. 
C)  Halobacterium. 
D)  Methanococcus. 
E)  Thermoplasma.

Question 10

Elizabeth Hansen and colleagues suggested which two factors contribute to methanogen presence in human gut microbiomes? What evidence supports these claims?

Accepted Answer

Hansen et al. showed that there is a gen

Question 11

________-branched chains increase membrane stability.

Accepted Answer

A)  Isoprenoid 
B)  Ester 
C)  Ether 
D)  Diether 
E)  Phospholipid 
A)  Isoprenoid 
B)  Ester 
C)  Ether 
D)  Diether 
E)  Phospholipid

Question 12

Which organism has a periplasmic space containing membrane vesicles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Desulfurococcus sp. 
B)  Ignicoccus sp. 
C)  Methanosarcina sp. 
D)  Methanothermus sp. 
E)  Pyrodictium sp. 
A)  Desulfurococcus sp. 
B)  Ignicoccus sp. 
C)  Methanosarcina sp. 
D)  Methanothermus sp. 
E)  Pyrodictium sp.

Question 13

Species of ________ secrete toxins deadly to other strains of the same genus.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sulfolobus 
B)  Halobacterium 
C)  Nanoarchaeum 
D)  Methanococcus 
E)  Thermoplasma 
A)  Sulfolobus 
B)  Halobacterium 
C)  Nanoarchaeum 
D)  Methanococcus 
E)  Thermoplasma

Question 14

Explain how ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota gain energy and state the habitats in which they are found.

Accepted Answer

Ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota gain en

Question 15

The Haloarchaea, extreme ________, are the only form of life to grow in concentrated brine.

Accepted Answer

A)  thermophiles 
B)  psychrophiles 
C)  methanophiles 
D)  halophiles 
E)  acidophiles 
A)  thermophiles 
B)  psychrophiles 
C)  methanophiles 
D)  halophiles 
E)  acidophiles

Question 16

Which archaea uses light energy to drive a retinal-based ion pup to establish a proton potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  all archaea 
B)  hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeota 
C)  Methanobacteriales 
D)  Haloarchaea 
E)  Sulfolobales 
A)  all archaea 
B)  hyperthermophilic Crenarchaeota 
C)  Methanobacteriales 
D)  Haloarchaea 
E)  Sulfolobales

Question 17

Some hyperthermophilic archaea contain genomes with positive supercoiling generated by ________, which protect DNA from melting at high temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A)  helicase 
B)  polymerase 
C)  primase 
D)  reductase 
E)  reverse gyrase 
A)  helicase 
B)  polymerase 
C)  primase 
D)  reductase 
E)  reverse gyrase

Question 18

Describe some of the unique metabolic pathways found in archaea but not bacteria or eukarya.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. Some archaea use uniqu

Question 19

Which of the following is an extreme acidophile found anchored to deposits of pyrite ore in mines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermus aquaticus 
B)  Pyrococcus abyssi 
C)  Ferroplasma acidarmanus 
D)  Picrophilus torridus 
E)  Thermoplasma acidophilum 
A)  Thermus aquaticus 
B)  Pyrococcus abyssi 
C)  Ferroplasma acidarmanus 
D)  Picrophilus torridus 
E)  Thermoplasma acidophilum

Question 20

All of the rhodopsins in the haloarchaeotes have how many alpha helical transmembrane domains?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  three 
C)  five 
D)  seven 
E)  nine 
A)  one 
B)  three 
C)  five 
D)  seven 
E)  nine

Exam 19: Archaeal Diversity

Haloarchaea can regulate their buoyancy through the production of

Nitrosopumilus maritimus is able to oxidize

Which of the following contains saturated salts of essentially the same ionic proportions as the ocean?

Discuss the genome and morphology of known archaeal viruses. Why are their genomes all similar in structure?

Where are methanogens found in nature? What are some of the problems they can cause in these habitats?

Archaeoglobus fulgidus conserves energy by sulfate respiration, which drives a unique acetyl-CoA degradation pathway involving the reversal of

Which is the model haloarchaeon for molecular biology education?

In the haloarchaea, the red pigment bacterioruberin protects cells from damage by

Nanoarchaeum equitans is a hyperthermophilic symbiont of

Elizabeth Hansen and colleagues suggested which two factors contribute to methanogen presence in human gut microbiomes? What evidence supports these claims?

________-branched chains increase membrane stability.

Which organism has a periplasmic space containing membrane vesicles?

Species of ________ secrete toxins deadly to other strains of the same genus.

Explain how ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota gain energy and state the habitats in which they are found.

The Haloarchaea, extreme ________, are the only form of life to grow in concentrated brine.

Which archaea uses light energy to drive a retinal-based ion pup to establish a proton potential?

Some hyperthermophilic archaea contain genomes with positive supercoiling generated by ________, which protect DNA from melting at high temperatures.

Describe some of the unique metabolic pathways found in archaea but not bacteria or eukarya.

Which of the following is an extreme acidophile found anchored to deposits of pyrite ore in mines?

All of the rhodopsins in the haloarchaeotes have how many alpha helical transmembrane domains?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

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