Question 1

Horizontal gene transfer can occur by all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmid acquisition. 
B)  transposable genetic elements. 
C)  bacteriophage infection. 
D)  transformation processes. 
E)  parent to offspring. 
A)  plasmid acquisition. 
B)  transposable genetic elements. 
C)  bacteriophage infection. 
D)  transformation processes. 
E)  parent to offspring.

Question 2

Rhizobial bacteroids and their plant hosts have evolved to have what type of symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualistic 
B)  parasitic 
C)  commensal 
D)  ammensal 
E)  predatory 
A)  mutualistic 
B)  parasitic 
C)  commensal 
D)  ammensal 
E)  predatory

Question 3

Which of the following reactions suggests the plausibility for RNA chromosome replication in the RNA World model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compared to DNA, synthesis and degradation of RNA require less energy. 
B)  Uracil, a pyrimidine in RNA, is the precursor of thymine, used in the synthesis of DNA. 
C)  Some ribozymes splice introns in mRNA. 
D)  Some ribozymes catalyze synthesis of complementary strands of RNA. 
E)  Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by ribosomal RNA. 
A)  Compared to DNA, synthesis and degradation of RNA require less energy. 
B)  Uracil, a pyrimidine in RNA, is the precursor of thymine, used in the synthesis of DNA. 
C)  Some ribozymes splice introns in mRNA. 
D)  Some ribozymes catalyze synthesis of complementary strands of RNA. 
E)  Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by ribosomal RNA.

Question 4

Cyanobacterial endosymbionts in the protist ________retain cell walls and some metabolism, thus serving as a model for cyanobacterial uptake.

Accepted Answer

A)  Paramecium bursaria 
B)  Paramecium aurelia 
C)  Cyanophora paradoxa 
D)  Glaucocystophyta sp. 
E)  Entamoeba hystolitica 
A)  Paramecium bursaria 
B)  Paramecium aurelia 
C)  Cyanophora paradoxa 
D)  Glaucocystophyta sp. 
E)  Entamoeba hystolitica

Question 5

Use the figure below to discuss how catalytic activity in enzyme proteins could have evolved from catalytic RNA.

Accepted Answer

During the RNA world, earliest cells wou

Question 6

In the domains of life, archaea and bacteria differ from each other in that

Accepted Answer

A)  archaea contain membrane-bound organelles, bacteria do not. 
B)  bacteria can be extreme thermophiles, archaea cannot. 
C)  archaea contain ester-linked membrane fatty acids, bacteria do not. 
D)  bacteria start protein production with formylmethionine, archaea do not. 
E)  bacteria have introns, archaea do not. 
A)  archaea contain membrane-bound organelles, bacteria do not. 
B)  bacteria can be extreme thermophiles, archaea cannot. 
C)  archaea contain ester-linked membrane fatty acids, bacteria do not. 
D)  bacteria start protein production with formylmethionine, archaea do not. 
E)  bacteria have introns, archaea do not.

Question 7

Why and how is the gene for small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU 16S rRNA) used to determine molecular phylogeny?

Accepted Answer

SSU rRNA gene sequences are widely used

Question 8

Fossil stromatolites and microfossils are used as evidence in studies of early life on Earth. What is a disadvantage of using these rock formations in these types of studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paleontologists have to dig deep into Earth's crust to find them. 
B)  Abiotic processes lead to the formation of stromatolite-like structures or objects that resemble microfossils. 
C)  They must be destroyed in order to obtain samples for analysis. 
D)  Their analysis requires expensive and inconvenient radioisotope detection. 
E)  They are extremely fragile when exposed to air. 
A)  Paleontologists have to dig deep into Earth's crust to find them. 
B)  Abiotic processes lead to the formation of stromatolite-like structures or objects that resemble microfossils. 
C)  They must be destroyed in order to obtain samples for analysis. 
D)  Their analysis requires expensive and inconvenient radioisotope detection. 
E)  They are extremely fragile when exposed to air.

Question 9

Which of the following is the organizing body that sets the rules for naming a new prokaryotic species or taxa?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 
B)  the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes 
C)  the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 
D)  the American Society for Microbiology 
E)  the World Health Organization 
A)  Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 
B)  the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes 
C)  the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 
D)  the American Society for Microbiology 
E)  the World Health Organization

Question 10

The figure below displays secondary symbiont alga Guillardia theta. Describe the process by which this relationship began.

Accepted Answer

Guillardia theta is a newly formed speci

Horizontal gene transfer can occur by all of the following EXCEPT

Rhizobial bacteroids and their plant hosts have evolved to have what type of symbiotic relationship?

Which of the following reactions suggests the plausibility for RNA chromosome replication in the RNA World model?

Cyanobacterial endosymbionts in the protist ________retain cell walls and some metabolism, thus serving as a model for cyanobacterial uptake.

Use the figure below to discuss how catalytic activity in enzyme proteins could have evolved from catalytic RNA.

In the domains of life, archaea and bacteria differ from each other in that

Why and how is the gene for small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU 16S rRNA) used to determine molecular phylogeny?

Fossil stromatolites and microfossils are used as evidence in studies of early life on Earth. What is a disadvantage of using these rock formations in these types of studies?

Which of the following is the organizing body that sets the rules for naming a new prokaryotic species or taxa?

The figure below displays secondary symbiont alga Guillardia theta. Describe the process by which this relationship began.

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

Exam 17: Origins and Evolution

Horizontal gene transfer can occur by all of the following EXCEPT

Rhizobial bacteroids and their plant hosts have evolved to have what type of symbiotic relationship?

Which of the following reactions suggests the plausibility for RNA chromosome replication in the RNA World model?

Cyanobacterial endosymbionts in the protist ________retain cell walls and some metabolism, thus serving as a model for cyanobacterial uptake.

Use the figure below to discuss how catalytic activity in enzyme proteins could have evolved from catalytic RNA.

In the domains of life, archaea and bacteria differ from each other in that

Why and how is the gene for small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU 16S rRNA) used to determine molecular phylogeny?

Fossil stromatolites and microfossils are used as evidence in studies of early life on Earth. What is a disadvantage of using these rock formations in these types of studies?

Which of the following is the organizing body that sets the rules for naming a new prokaryotic species or taxa?

The figure below displays secondary symbiont alga Guillardia theta. Describe the process by which this relationship began.

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters