Exam 22: The Respiratory System

Changes in arterial pH can modify respiration rate and rhythm even when carbon dioxide and oxygen levels are normal.

The cartilaginous flap that closes the trachea during swallowing is called the _.

Figure 22.2Using Figure 22.2, match the following: -Tidal volume.

Which of the choices below determines the direction of respiratory gas movement?

If a baby is born at 28 weeks' gestation, what major problem will the doctors look for?

Figure 22.2Using Figure 22.2, match the following: -Inspiratory reserve volume.

Intrapulmonary pressure is the .

Figure 22.1Using Figure 22.1, match the following: -Pharynx.

Possible causes of hypoxia include _.

Factors that influence the rate and depth of breathing include .

With the Bohr effect, more oxygen is released because a(n) .

For gas exchange to be efficient, the respiratory membrane must be .

The erythrocyte count increases after a while when an individual goes from a low to a high altitude because the .

The amount of air that can be inspired above the tidal volume is called _.

The main site of gas exchange is the .

The partial pressure gradient for oxygen (in the body) is much steeper than that for carbon dioxide. Explain how equal amounts of these two gases can be exchanged (in a given time interval) in the lungs and at the tissues.

The average individual has 500 ml of residual volume in his lungs.

Figure 22.1Using Figure 22.1, match the following: -The archway in the back of the throat is called the .

Nasal conchae mainly work on inhalation to warm and moisten air. They serve minor functions for exhalation.

As carbon dioxide enters systemic blood, it causes more oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin (the Haldane effect), which in turn allows more CO₂ to combine with hemoglobin and more bicarbonate ions to be generated (the Bohr effect).