Exam 16: The Endocrine System

As a result of stress the adenohypophysis releases , which stimulates release of hormones from the adrenal cortex that retain sodium and water, increase blood sugar, and begin breaking down fats.

The gland is especially large in early childhood, then declines in size and function with age.

Figure 16.3Using Figure 16.3, match the following: -Produces glucocorticoids.

Which organ is responsible for synthesizing ANP?

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following: -Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.

Give an example of synergism in hormones.

Which of the following is not a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?

Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called .

Cells that respond to peptide hormones usually do so through a sequence of biochemical reactions involving receptor and kinase activation. In order for cells to respond, it is necessary for first and second messengers to communicate. This is possible because .

Type 2 diabetics may reflect declining receptor sensitivity to insulin rather than decreased insulin production.

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following: -Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.

Which organ does not produce hormones?

It was often rumored that one of our deceased presidents was suffering from Addison's disease (inadequate synthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids). What symptoms may have led to the diagnosis of this condition?

Thyroid hormone production requires the presence of iodine and calcium.

Which of the following is not a type of hormone interaction?

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following: -A person who drinks a lot of alcoholic beverages must urinate frequently. Why?

Figure 16.2Using Figure 16.2, match the following hypothalamic hormones with the pituitary hormone targets: -Thyroid stimulating hormone

Thyroid hormone (a small iodinated amine) enters target cells in a manner similar to _ _.

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following: -Growth hormones act indirectly to make the epiphyseal plate cartilage grow. What then acts directly to make it grow?

The antagonistic hormones that regulate the blood calcium level are calcitonin- parathormone.