Question 1

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following:
-Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match...

Question 2

Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second- messenger systems include .

Accepted Answer

A)  possible activation of several different second- messenger systems 
B)  hormone binding to intracellular receptors 
C)  formation of a specific protein kinase that acts on a series of extracellular intermediates 
D)  cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase formation of an active second messenger 
A)  possible activation of several different second- messenger systems 
B)  hormone binding to intracellular receptors 
C)  formation of a specific protein kinase that acts on a series of extracellular intermediates 
D)  cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase formation of an active second messenger

Question 3

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following:
-Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match...

Question 4

A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH), and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain this problem.

Accepted Answer

A)  FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes. 
B)  FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore it is not synthesized by males. 
C)  The man must be producing progesterone, which inhibits the synthesis of FSH. 
D)  A hormone made in the adenohypophysis cannot influence fertility. 
A)  FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes. 
B)  FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore it is not synthesized by males. 
C)  The man must be producing progesterone, which inhibits the synthesis of FSH. 
D)  A hormone made in the adenohypophysis cannot influence fertility.

Question 5

Thomas is a diabetic. While at work, he began to tremble, was somewhat disoriented, and showed signs similar to that of a drunk. One of his colleagues gave him some hard candy, which seemed to help him return to normal functions. Why? Was this a proper action, considering that Thomas is diabetic?

Accepted Answer

Thomas was suffering from hypoglycemia.

Question 6

Virtually all of the protein or amino acid- based hormones exert their effects through intracellular
)

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotides 
B)  calcium 
C)  second messengers 
D)  deactivating ions 
A)  nucleotides 
B)  calcium 
C)  second messengers 
D)  deactivating ions

Question 7

The prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus .

Accepted Answer

A)  first enter into the hypophyseal portal system 
B)  enter the hepatic portal system, which feeds the pituitary 
C)  enter venous circulation and travel to the heart, which pumps the hormone- containing blood to the pituitary 
D)  travel by arteries to the pituitary 
A)  first enter into the hypophyseal portal system 
B)  enter the hepatic portal system, which feeds the pituitary 
C)  enter venous circulation and travel to the heart, which pumps the hormone- containing blood to the pituitary 
D)  travel by arteries to the pituitary

Question 9

Direct gene activation involves a second- messenger system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The second- messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by .

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP 
B)  synthesizing more than one hormone at a time 
C)  increasing the basal metabolic rate in the target organ 
D)  altering gene expression in the nuclear DNA 
A)  binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP 
B)  synthesizing more than one hormone at a time 
C)  increasing the basal metabolic rate in the target organ 
D)  altering gene expression in the nuclear DNA

Question 11

John is a 26- year- old man who begins to notice a progressive enlargement of feet, hands, cranium, nose, and lower jaw bone. His doctor recommends a pituitary gland operation. What is the most likely diagnosis? Why?

Accepted Answer

The diagnosis is acromegaly. T

Question 12

Figure 16.3Using Figure 16.3, match the following:
-Produces aldosterone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 16.3Using Figure 16.3, match...

Question 13

Many hormones synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract are chemically identical to brain neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients. Which of the following describes this mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  humoral stimulation 
B)  protein synthesis 
C)  catabolic inhibition 
D)  carbohydrate oxidation 
A)  humoral stimulation 
B)  protein synthesis 
C)  catabolic inhibition 
D)  carbohydrate oxidation

Question 16

Briefly discuss target cell activation by hormone- receptor interaction.

Accepted Answer

The first step is hormone- receptor bind

Question 17

The most important mineralcorticoid regulator of electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluids is .

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  cortisol 
A)  insulin 
B)  glucagon 
C)  aldosterone 
D)  cortisol

Question 18

Mrs. James appeared at the clinic complaining of extreme nervousness and sweating, saying that she could feel and hear her heart thumping when she tried to sleep at night.She was found to have a severely elevated and fluctuating blood pressure. Although laboratory testing revealed hyperglycemia and increased basal metabolic rate, tests of thyroid function were normal. What is your diagnosis? What treatment should be used?

Accepted Answer

The diagnosis is hypersecretio

Question 19

What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid-based hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium 
B)  calcium 
C)  iron 
D)  chlorine 
A)  sodium 
B)  calcium 
C)  iron 
D)  chlorine

Question 20

Which of the following is not a parathyroid gland mechanism to maintain adequate levels of blood calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase calcium ion reabsorption by the kidneys 
B)  increase in intestinal absorption of calcium ions 
C)  inhibition of calcitonin synthesis 
D)  activation of osteoclasts 
A)  increase calcium ion reabsorption by the kidneys 
B)  increase in intestinal absorption of calcium ions 
C)  inhibition of calcitonin synthesis 
D)  activation of osteoclasts

Exam 16: The Endocrine System

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following: -Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.

Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second- messenger systems include .

Figure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following: -Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.

A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH), and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain this problem.

Thomas is a diabetic. While at work, he began to tremble, was somewhat disoriented, and showed signs similar to that of a drunk. One of his colleagues gave him some hard candy, which seemed to help him return to normal functions. Why? Was this a proper action, considering that Thomas is diabetic?

Virtually all of the protein or amino acid- based hormones exert their effects through intracellular )

The prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenesis.

Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus .

Direct gene activation involves a second- messenger system.

The second- messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by .

John is a 26- year- old man who begins to notice a progressive enlargement of feet, hands, cranium, nose, and lower jaw bone. His doctor recommends a pituitary gland operation. What is the most likely diagnosis? Why?

Figure 16.3Using Figure 16.3, match the following: -Produces aldosterone.

Many hormones synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract are chemically identical to brain neurotransmitters.

ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones.

One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients. Which of the following describes this mechanism?

Briefly discuss target cell activation by hormone- receptor interaction.

The most important mineralcorticoid regulator of electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluids is .

What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid-based hormones?

Which of the following is not a parathyroid gland mechanism to maintain adequate levels of blood calcium?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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