Question 1

Beta oxidation is the initial phase of fatty acid oxidation, and it occurs in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is the outcome of ketosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucogenesis 
B)  metabolic acidosis 
C)  metabolic alkalosis 
D)  water retention and edema 
E)  glycogen buildup 
A)  glucogenesis 
B)  metabolic acidosis 
C)  metabolic alkalosis 
D)  water retention and edema 
E)  glycogen buildup

Question 3

Select the correct statement about proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins will be used by most cells for ATP synthesis if insufficient carbohydrates are ingested. 
B)  Strict vegetarians need not worry about adequate protein intake, as most vegetables are almost perfect sources of amino acids. 
C)  Proteins can be synthesized in the body if most of the amino acids are present. 
D)  Catabolic steroids (hormones) accelerate the rate of protein synthesis. 
A)  Proteins will be used by most cells for ATP synthesis if insufficient carbohydrates are ingested. 
B)  Strict vegetarians need not worry about adequate protein intake, as most vegetables are almost perfect sources of amino acids. 
C)  Proteins can be synthesized in the body if most of the amino acids are present. 
D)  Catabolic steroids (hormones) accelerate the rate of protein synthesis.

Question 4

Carbohydrate and fat pools are oxidized directly to produce cellular energy, but amino acid pools must first be converted to a carbohydrate intermediate before being sent through cellular respiration pathways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Harry is hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia. When you visit him, his teeth are chattering, his skin is cool and clammy to the touch, and he complains of feeling cold, even though the room is quite warm. Explain his symptoms.

Accepted Answer

Harry's symptoms indicate a fever caused

Question 6

In the liver, the amine group of glutamic acid is removed as _ in the oxidative state.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxaloacetic acid 
B)  glyceraldehyde 
C)  pyruvic acid 
D)  ammonia 
A)  oxaloacetic acid 
B)  glyceraldehyde 
C)  pyruvic acid 
D)  ammonia

Question 7

Oxidation reduction reactions .

Accepted Answer

A)  occur via the gain of hydrogen or the loss of oxygen 
B)  are rarely coupled together 
C)  may involve the loss of hydrogen and electrons 
D)  utilize hydrogenases 
A)  occur via the gain of hydrogen or the loss of oxygen 
B)  are rarely coupled together 
C)  may involve the loss of hydrogen and electrons 
D)  utilize hydrogenases

Question 8

Which of the following best defines negative nitrogen balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein breakdown exceeds protein synthesis. 
B)  A negative nitrogen balance is normal and is a way of maintaining homeostasis. 
C)  It is a condition usually caused by having a diet low in fish and meat. 
D)  It occurs when amino acids are broken down by liver enzymes and carried to the bloodstream. 
A)  Protein breakdown exceeds protein synthesis. 
B)  A negative nitrogen balance is normal and is a way of maintaining homeostasis. 
C)  It is a condition usually caused by having a diet low in fish and meat. 
D)  It occurs when amino acids are broken down by liver enzymes and carried to the bloodstream.

Question 9

Conditions that promote the oxidative deamination and energy use of amino acids include
)

Accepted Answer

A)  adequate fat calories to provide adequate ATP formation 
B)  ammonia combining with oxygen to form urea 
C)  adequate essential amino acids 
D)  excessive amounts of protein in the diet 
A)  adequate fat calories to provide adequate ATP formation 
B)  ammonia combining with oxygen to form urea 
C)  adequate essential amino acids 
D)  excessive amounts of protein in the diet

Question 10

Compare and contrast PKU and galactosemia.

Accepted Answer

In PKU, the tissue cells are unable to u

Question 11

Transamination is the process whereby the amine group of an amino acid is .

Accepted Answer

A)  converted to ammonia 
B)  transferred to acetyl CoA 
C)  converted to urea 
D)  transferred to a keto acid 
A)  converted to ammonia 
B)  transferred to acetyl CoA 
C)  converted to urea 
D)  transferred to a keto acid

Question 12

Vitamins are inorganic compounds that are essential for growth and good health.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is the major role of leptin in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease appetite and food intake 
B)  protect against weight loss during nutritional deprivation 
C)  promote weight loss with activity 
D)  shrink fat stores 
A)  decrease appetite and food intake 
B)  protect against weight loss during nutritional deprivation 
C)  promote weight loss with activity 
D)  shrink fat stores

Question 14

Which of the following mechanisms produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactic acid production 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation 
C)  oxidation reactions 
D)  substrate- level phosphorylation 
A)  lactic acid production 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation 
C)  oxidation reactions 
D)  substrate- level phosphorylation

Question 15

There are no complete proteins. All animal products should be eaten with plant material to make a complete protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Figure 24.1Using Figure 24.1, match the following:
-Explain what happens to pyruvic acid if oxygen is not present in sufficient quantities to support the electron transport system.

Accepted Answer

When oxygen is not present in sufficient

Question 17

What are four possible complications of obesity from a medical standpoint?

Accepted Answer

The obese have a higher incide

Question 18

Prostaglandins play a role in .

Accepted Answer

A)  control of blood volume 
B)  noninflammatory responses 
C)  skeletal muscle contraction 
D)  control of blood pressure 
A)  control of blood volume 
B)  noninflammatory responses 
C)  skeletal muscle contraction 
D)  control of blood pressure

Question 19

High levels of HDLs are considered good.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the choices below is not a source of glucose during the postabsorptive state?

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption of glucose from the GI tract 
B)  lipolysis in adipose tissues and the liver 
C)  catabolism of cellular protein 
D)  glycogenolysis in the liver 
A)  absorption of glucose from the GI tract 
B)  lipolysis in adipose tissues and the liver 
C)  catabolism of cellular protein 
D)  glycogenolysis in the liver

Exam 24: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

Beta oxidation is the initial phase of fatty acid oxidation, and it occurs in the cytoplasm.

What is the outcome of ketosis?

Select the correct statement about proteins.

Carbohydrate and fat pools are oxidized directly to produce cellular energy, but amino acid pools must first be converted to a carbohydrate intermediate before being sent through cellular respiration pathways.

Harry is hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia. When you visit him, his teeth are chattering, his skin is cool and clammy to the touch, and he complains of feeling cold, even though the room is quite warm. Explain his symptoms.

In the liver, the amine group of glutamic acid is removed as _ in the oxidative state.

Oxidation reduction reactions .

Which of the following best defines negative nitrogen balance?

Conditions that promote the oxidative deamination and energy use of amino acids include )

Compare and contrast PKU and galactosemia.

Transamination is the process whereby the amine group of an amino acid is .

Vitamins are inorganic compounds that are essential for growth and good health.

Which of the following is the major role of leptin in the body?

Which of the following mechanisms produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?

There are no complete proteins. All animal products should be eaten with plant material to make a complete protein.

Figure 24.1Using Figure 24.1, match the following: -Explain what happens to pyruvic acid if oxygen is not present in sufficient quantities to support the electron transport system.

What are four possible complications of obesity from a medical standpoint?

Prostaglandins play a role in .

High levels of HDLs are considered good.

Which of the choices below is not a source of glucose during the postabsorptive state?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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