Exam 26: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A pregnant woman complains to her doctor that her ankles and feet stay swollen all of the time. She is very worried about this. As her doctor, what would you tell her?

Aldosterone is secreted in response to low extracellular potassium.

Respiratory acidosis can occur when .

The thirst center in the brain is located in the hypothalamus.

As ventilation increases and more carbon dioxide is removed from the blood, the hydrogen ion concentration of the blood decreases.

What is the effect of acidosis on the body? Of alkalosis?

Identify and describe the operation of the three major chemical buffers of the body.

The movement of fluids between cellular compartments .

A patient is 72 years old and was admitted to the hospital for severe shortness of breath and edema to her lower extremities. She was diagnosed with heart failure. A symptom of heart failure is generalized edema. Explain the finding of generalized edema in heart failure.

Helen is a 62- year- old smoker. Her physician has diagnosed her as having emphysema that has caused her to hypoventilate. Surprisingly, when her blood pH is checked, it is 7.40. Why?

The breakdown of phosphorus- containing proteins releases acid.

The term hypotonic hydration refers to .

The term alkaline reserve is used to describe the _ buffer system.

Respiratory acidosis results when lungs are obstructed and gas exchange is inefficient.