Question 1

Electrolytes determine most of the chemical and physical reactions of body fluids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is not a method for regulating the hydrogen ion concentration in blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical buffer systems 
B)  respiratory changes 
C)  renal mechanism 
D)  diet 
A)  chemical buffer systems 
B)  respiratory changes 
C)  renal mechanism 
D)  diet

Question 3

Parathyroid hormone regulates _

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parathyroid hormone regulates _...

Question 4

After traveling from Los Angeles to Denver, Claire finds she is not feeling well and checks into a clinic for help. The clinic's diagnosis is respiratory alkalosis. What has caused this problem?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory alkalosis is alway

Question 5

A patient is admitted to the hospital in complete collapse. His blood pH is 6.8, and his HCO3- is 20 mEq/L. What diagnosis would you give and what prognosis? A medical history reveals that this patient is a chronic alcoholic.

Accepted Answer

The pH and bicarbonate levels

Question 6

Which of the following hormones is important in stimulating water conservation in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  antidiuretic hormone 
B)  progesterone 
C)  atrial natriuretic peptide 
D)  aldosterone 
A)  antidiuretic hormone 
B)  progesterone 
C)  atrial natriuretic peptide 
D)  aldosterone

Question 7

Dehydration can be caused by endocrine disturbances such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

One of the most powerful and plentiful sources of buffers is the protein buffer system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The normal pH of blood is 7.35- 7.45.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not a disorder of water balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  edema or tissue swelling, which is usually due to an increased capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  excessive hydration due to excess ANP secretion 
C)  excess water in interstitial spaces due to a low level of plasma proteins 
D)  hypotonic hydration, in which sodium content is normal but water content is high 
A)  edema or tissue swelling, which is usually due to an increased capillary hydrostatic pressure 
B)  excessive hydration due to excess ANP secretion 
C)  excess water in interstitial spaces due to a low level of plasma proteins 
D)  hypotonic hydration, in which sodium content is normal but water content is high

Question 11

The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid is sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Some potassium ions are reabsorbed from the kidney filtrate via type A intercalated cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Weak acids are able to act as chemical buffering systems for the body because they partially dissociate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What provides the shortest- term mechanism for preventing acid- base imbalances in the body? The longest- term mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Chemical buffers act within a fraction o

Question 15

Hypoproteinemia reflects a condition of unusually high levels of plasma proteins and causes tissue edema.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When does a person experience greater thirst, during periods when ADH release is elicited or during periods when aldosterone release is elicited?

Accepted Answer

A person experiences

Question 17

Blood acidity results in depression of the CNS, whereas blood alkalosis results in overexcitement of the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Sodium is pivotal to fluid and electrolyte balance and to the homeostasis of all body systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The fluid link between the external and internal environment is .

Accepted Answer

A)  interstitial fluid 
B)  plasma 
C)  cerebrospinal fluid 
D)  intracellular fluid 
A)  interstitial fluid 
B)  plasma 
C)  cerebrospinal fluid 
D)  intracellular fluid

Question 20

The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of the following ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions 
B)  calcium ions 
C)  hydrogen ions 
D)  potassium ions 
A)  sodium ions 
B)  calcium ions 
C)  hydrogen ions 
D)  potassium ions

Exam 26: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Electrolytes determine most of the chemical and physical reactions of body fluids.

Which of the following is not a method for regulating the hydrogen ion concentration in blood?

Parathyroid hormone regulates _

After traveling from Los Angeles to Denver, Claire finds she is not feeling well and checks into a clinic for help. The clinic's diagnosis is respiratory alkalosis. What has caused this problem?

A patient is admitted to the hospital in complete collapse. His blood pH is 6.8, and his HCO3- is 20 mEq/L. What diagnosis would you give and what prognosis? A medical history reveals that this patient is a chronic alcoholic.

Which of the following hormones is important in stimulating water conservation in the kidneys?

Dehydration can be caused by endocrine disturbances such as diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus.

One of the most powerful and plentiful sources of buffers is the protein buffer system.

The normal pH of blood is 7.35- 7.45.

Which of the following is not a disorder of water balance?

The most abundant cation in intracellular fluid is sodium.

Some potassium ions are reabsorbed from the kidney filtrate via type A intercalated cells.

Weak acids are able to act as chemical buffering systems for the body because they partially dissociate.

What provides the shortest- term mechanism for preventing acid- base imbalances in the body? The longest- term mechanism?

Hypoproteinemia reflects a condition of unusually high levels of plasma proteins and causes tissue edema.

When does a person experience greater thirst, during periods when ADH release is elicited or during periods when aldosterone release is elicited?

Blood acidity results in depression of the CNS, whereas blood alkalosis results in overexcitement of the CNS.

Sodium is pivotal to fluid and electrolyte balance and to the homeostasis of all body systems.

The fluid link between the external and internal environment is .

The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of the following ions?

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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A patient is admitted to the hospital in complete collapse. His blood pH is 6.8, and his HCO₃- is 20 mEq/L. What diagnosis would you give and what prognosis? A medical history reveals that this patient is a chronic alcoholic.