Question 1

The discovery of the organism Thermus aquaticus was critical for the development of the technique of PCR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Restriction enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  randomly cut DNA into small pieces. 
B)  can cut only bacterial DNA. 
C)  separate the strands of DNA during PCR. 
D)  produce single- stranded DNA fragments with "sticky ends." 
A)  randomly cut DNA into small pieces. 
B)  can cut only bacterial DNA. 
C)  separate the strands of DNA during PCR. 
D)  produce single- stranded DNA fragments with "sticky ends."

Question 3

Which of the following is a valid difference between traditional (selective breeding) and modern (genetic engineering) forms of biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetic engineering can use genes from unrelated species, whereas selective breeding must use genes from the same or very closely related individuals. 
B)  Selective breeding can be done much more quickly than can genetic engineering. 
C)  Genetic engineering can alter the DNA sequence of entire populations, whereas selective breeding cannot. 
A)  Genetic engineering can use genes from unrelated species, whereas selective breeding must use genes from the same or very closely related individuals. 
B)  Selective breeding can be done much more quickly than can genetic engineering. 
C)  Genetic engineering can alter the DNA sequence of entire populations, whereas selective breeding cannot.

Question 4

are small, circular pieces of DNA that are often used in the process of transformation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of are small, circular pieces of DNA that...

Question 5

How does DNA move during gel electrophoresis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA moves toward the negative electrode. 
B)  Larger pieces of DNA move at a faster rate. 
C)  DNA moves at a constant rate, regardless of fragment size. 
D)  Smaller pieces of DNA move faster toward the positive electrode. 
A)  The DNA moves toward the negative electrode. 
B)  Larger pieces of DNA move at a faster rate. 
C)  DNA moves at a constant rate, regardless of fragment size. 
D)  Smaller pieces of DNA move faster toward the positive electrode.

Question 6

Specific fragments of DNA on a gel can be visualized using

Accepted Answer

A)  PCR. 
B)  STRs. 
C)  restriction enzymes. 
D)  electrophoresis. 
E)  DNA probes. 
A)  PCR. 
B)  STRs. 
C)  restriction enzymes. 
D)  electrophoresis. 
E)  DNA probes.

Question 7

Which of the following is currently used by the U.S. Department of Justice as a form of genetic "fingerprints" of criminals?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of introns in a chromosome 
B)  PCRs 
C)  The genes responsible for producing the unique patterns of swirls and loops on a person's fingers 
D)  STRs 
E)  Plasmids 
A)  The number of introns in a chromosome 
B)  PCRs 
C)  The genes responsible for producing the unique patterns of swirls and loops on a person's fingers 
D)  STRs 
E)  Plasmids

Question 8

The DNA of humans and chimps differs by about 10%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Define the term biotechnology.

Accepted Answer

Biotechnology is any genetic a

Question 10

Which pair of enzymes is necessary to make recombinant DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Restriction enzyme and DNA ligase 
B)  Restriction enzyme and DNA polymerase 
C)  DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase 
D)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase 
A)  Restriction enzyme and DNA ligase 
B)  Restriction enzyme and DNA polymerase 
C)  DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase 
D)  DNA polymerase and DNA ligase

Question 11

Plasmids are

Accepted Answer

A)  noncircular DNA segments found only in bacteria. 
B)  chromosomal loops made of RNA. 
C)  small, replicating rings of DNA found in bacteria. 
D)  found only in three species of bacteria. 
E)  necessary for bacteria to reproduce. 
A)  noncircular DNA segments found only in bacteria. 
B)  chromosomal loops made of RNA. 
C)  small, replicating rings of DNA found in bacteria. 
D)  found only in three species of bacteria. 
E)  necessary for bacteria to reproduce.

Question 12

Which of the following is a valid scientific concern about the environment and transgenic crops?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wild animals might eat the transgenic crops and become genetically mutated. 
B)  The toxic products of the modified genes would be released to the environment when the plants die, resulting in drastic die- offs of local wildlife. 
C)  Eating transgenic foods will permanently change human DNA. 
D)  Pollen from transgenic crops could carry the recombinant genes to wild relatives, with unpredictable consequences. 
A)  Wild animals might eat the transgenic crops and become genetically mutated. 
B)  The toxic products of the modified genes would be released to the environment when the plants die, resulting in drastic die- offs of local wildlife. 
C)  Eating transgenic foods will permanently change human DNA. 
D)  Pollen from transgenic crops could carry the recombinant genes to wild relatives, with unpredictable consequences.

Question 13

If the DNA fingerprint of a suspect does NOT match a blood sample from a crime scene, what can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  The suspect may have been at the crime scene, because DNA fingerprinting has a large error rate. 
B)  The blood sample had to come from another person, but the suspect may still have been there. 
C)  The DNA in the blood sample probably degraded in a short period of time. 
D)  The suspect was never at the crime scene. 
A)  The suspect may have been at the crime scene, because DNA fingerprinting has a large error rate. 
B)  The blood sample had to come from another person, but the suspect may still have been there. 
C)  The DNA in the blood sample probably degraded in a short period of time. 
D)  The suspect was never at the crime scene.

Question 14

The history of biotechnology spans

Accepted Answer

A)  fewer than 50 years. 
B)  at least 10,000 years. 
C)  around 100 to 150 years. 
D)  about 1,000 years. 
A)  fewer than 50 years. 
B)  at least 10,000 years. 
C)  around 100 to 150 years. 
D)  about 1,000 years.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an example of genetic recombination between different species in nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses that transfer DNA between host organisms 
B)  Sexual reproduction 
C)  Bacterial transformation 
D)  Bacteria that acquire foreign plasmids 
A)  Viruses that transfer DNA between host organisms 
B)  Sexual reproduction 
C)  Bacterial transformation 
D)  Bacteria that acquire foreign plasmids

Question 16

Individuals within the same species have the same DNA "fingerprint," but individuals from different species have different DNA fingerprints.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

For years, the residents of a small Mexican town complained about the filth from a nearby hog farm, where millions of pigs are raised each year. In 2009, the majority of residents in this town became sick with "swine flu," caused by the H1N1 influenza virus. This virus infects people but is apparently genetically similar to a virus that infects hogs. The virus has since gone on to infect (and, in some cases, kill) people in Mexico City, and has quickly spread around the entire planet. The "swine flu" has been declared a global pandemic. Based on this scenario and your knowledge of genetics, what is a potential technique that could be used to preve disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Make recombinant viral and human DNA. 
B)  Encourage people not to consume pig products. 
C)  Develop a technique for STRs in swine. 
D)  Genetically engineer flu- resistant pigs. 
A)  Make recombinant viral and human DNA. 
B)  Encourage people not to consume pig products. 
C)  Develop a technique for STRs in swine. 
D)  Genetically engineer flu- resistant pigs.

Question 18

About 90% of the human genome contains the genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Describe one technique that can be used to generate multiple copies of a gene that is of interest to a researcher.

Accepted Answer

The researcher can m

Question 20

All of the following have been produced by inserting human genes into bacteria EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer- cell- killing hormones, which cure patients who have malignancies. 
B)  growth hormone, which helps children grow normally. 
C)  insulin, which treats diabetics. 
D)  clot- dissolving enzymes, which help heart attack victims recover. 
E)  blood- clotting enzymes, which treat hemophiliacs. 
A)  cancer- cell- killing hormones, which cure patients who have malignancies. 
B)  growth hormone, which helps children grow normally. 
C)  insulin, which treats diabetics. 
D)  clot- dissolving enzymes, which help heart attack victims recover. 
E)  blood- clotting enzymes, which treat hemophiliacs.

Exam 14: Biotechnology

The discovery of the organism Thermus aquaticus was critical for the development of the technique of PCR.

Restriction enzymes

Which of the following is a valid difference between traditional (selective breeding) and modern (genetic engineering) forms of biotechnology?

are small, circular pieces of DNA that are often used in the process of transformation.

How does DNA move during gel electrophoresis?

Specific fragments of DNA on a gel can be visualized using

Which of the following is currently used by the U.S. Department of Justice as a form of genetic "fingerprints" of criminals?

The DNA of humans and chimps differs by about 10%.

Define the term biotechnology.

Which pair of enzymes is necessary to make recombinant DNA?

Plasmids are

Which of the following is a valid scientific concern about the environment and transgenic crops?

If the DNA fingerprint of a suspect does NOT match a blood sample from a crime scene, what can you conclude?

The history of biotechnology spans

Which of the following is NOT an example of genetic recombination between different species in nature?

Individuals within the same species have the same DNA "fingerprint," but individuals from different species have different DNA fingerprints.

About 90% of the human genome contains the genes.

Describe one technique that can be used to generate multiple copies of a gene that is of interest to a researcher.

All of the following have been produced by inserting human genes into bacteria EXCEPT

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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