Question 1

What happens when marine algae overgrows?

Accepted Answer

They can generate a bloom that covers th

Question 2

What is it necessary for bacteriophage and animal virus entry into a cell? How does that differ from plant viral entry?

Accepted Answer

There is a specific receptor on the host

Question 3

How is the technique displayed in the figure below used to count virions in a solution?

Accepted Answer

Dilutions of a solution containing an un

Question 4

When a bacterial cell is infected, the virus protection coat

Accepted Answer

A)  enters the host cell with the viral genome. 
B)  remains on the outside of the host cell. 
C)  enters the host cell separately from the viral genome. 
D)  is released to attach to and inject another host cell. 
E)  becomes part of the host cell membrane. 
A)  enters the host cell with the viral genome. 
B)  remains on the outside of the host cell. 
C)  enters the host cell separately from the viral genome. 
D)  is released to attach to and inject another host cell. 
E)  becomes part of the host cell membrane.

Question 5

In contrast to animal viruses and bacteriophages, plant viruses infect cells by mechanisms that do NOT involve specific

Accepted Answer

A)  receptors. 
B)  membranes. 
C)  envelopes. 
D)  vectors. 
E)  hosts. 
A)  receptors. 
B)  membranes. 
C)  envelopes. 
D)  vectors. 
E)  hosts.

Question 6

What type of diseases are unique in that they can be transmitted by an infective protein that propagates conformational change of existing molecules without synthesizing entirely new infective molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  viral 
B)  viroid 
C)  bacterial 
D)  virion 
E)  prion 
A)  viral 
B)  viroid 
C)  bacterial 
D)  virion 
E)  prion

Question 7

Who was distinguished for modifying tissue culture procedure for plaque assays?

Accepted Answer

A)  David Baltimore 
B)  Renato Dulbecco 
C)  Xinzheng Zhang 
D)  Paulo Verardi 
E)  Howard Temin 
A)  David Baltimore 
B)  Renato Dulbecco 
C)  Xinzheng Zhang 
D)  Paulo Verardi 
E)  Howard Temin

Question 8

The genome of ________ ssRNA viruses can serve directly as mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive-sense (+) 
B)  negative-sense (-) 
C)  all 
D)  double-stranded 
E)  prion 
A)  positive-sense (+) 
B)  negative-sense (-) 
C)  all 
D)  double-stranded 
E)  prion

Question 9

Within a host, receptor molecules can also determine the ________, or tendency to infect a particular tissue type.

Accepted Answer

A)  tropism 
B)  host range 
C)  virulence 
D)  burst size 
E)  plaque 
A)  tropism 
B)  host range 
C)  virulence 
D)  burst size 
E)  plaque

Question 10

Which of the following is FALSE concerning HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the causative agent of AIDS. 
B)  It makes a DNA copy of its RNA genome. 
C)  Reverse transcriptase is translated from an early gene. 
D)  The virion contains two copies of the HIV genome. 
E)  The viral RNA is copied into double-stranded DNA. 
A)  It is the causative agent of AIDS. 
B)  It makes a DNA copy of its RNA genome. 
C)  Reverse transcriptase is translated from an early gene. 
D)  The virion contains two copies of the HIV genome. 
E)  The viral RNA is copied into double-stranded DNA.

Question 11

A(n) ________ phage may integrate its genome into that of the host cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  lytic 
B)  temperate 
C)  viroid 
D)  asymmetrical 
E)  oncogenic 
A)  lytic 
B)  temperate 
C)  viroid 
D)  asymmetrical 
E)  oncogenic

Question 12

What is NOT a difficulty of culturing viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropism for particular tissue 
B)  tissue culture may not show organ property 
C)  loss of virulence 
D)  able to observe a large population 
E)  need a double culture of host cell and viruses 
A)  tropism for particular tissue 
B)  tissue culture may not show organ property 
C)  loss of virulence 
D)  able to observe a large population 
E)  need a double culture of host cell and viruses

Question 13

Which of the following is a term for the observable destruction of cells as a result of viral lysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  tissue culture 
B)  lawn 
C)  soft agar 
D)  plaque 
E)  host 
A)  tissue culture 
B)  lawn 
C)  soft agar 
D)  plaque 
E)  host

Question 14

David Baltimore proposed that the primary distinction among classes of viruses was the ________ composition and the route used to express messenger RNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  genome 
B)  envelope 
C)  capsid 
D)  tegument 
E)  neck 
A)  genome 
B)  envelope 
C)  capsid 
D)  tegument 
E)  neck

Question 15

Discuss the role that marine viruses play in carbon balance.

Accepted Answer

The carbon cycle in a marine environment

Question 16

Which is the period of time that is categorized by virtually undetectable virions inside the infected cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  eclipse 
B)  latent 
C)  rise 
D)  burst 
E)  lag 
A)  eclipse 
B)  latent 
C)  rise 
D)  burst 
E)  lag

Question 17

Which filamentous virus causes a fatal disease in humans and is also related to primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV 
B)  Ebola 
C)  smallpox 
D)  cowpox 
E)  herpes virus 
A)  HIV 
B)  Ebola 
C)  smallpox 
D)  cowpox 
E)  herpes virus

Question 18

An icosahedral capsid is classified as having how many sides?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  8 
D)  10 
E)  20 
A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  8 
D)  10 
E)  20

Question 19

What can be counted as representing individual infectious virions from a phage suspension?

Accepted Answer

A)  plaques 
B)  viruses 
C)  genomes 
D)  proteomes 
E)  burst size 
A)  plaques 
B)  viruses 
C)  genomes 
D)  proteomes 
E)  burst size

Question 20

In bacteriophage T4, the DNA genome is contained in the head, and binding to the host is facilitated by attachment of the

Accepted Answer

A)  capsid. 
B)  neck. 
C)  tail fibers. 
D)  envelope. 
E)  tegument. 
A)  capsid. 
B)  neck. 
C)  tail fibers. 
D)  envelope. 
E)  tegument.

Exam 6: Viruses

What happens when marine algae overgrows?

What is it necessary for bacteriophage and animal virus entry into a cell? How does that differ from plant viral entry?

How is the technique displayed in the figure below used to count virions in a solution?

When a bacterial cell is infected, the virus protection coat

In contrast to animal viruses and bacteriophages, plant viruses infect cells by mechanisms that do NOT involve specific

What type of diseases are unique in that they can be transmitted by an infective protein that propagates conformational change of existing molecules without synthesizing entirely new infective molecules?

Who was distinguished for modifying tissue culture procedure for plaque assays?

The genome of ________ ssRNA viruses can serve directly as mRNA.

Within a host, receptor molecules can also determine the ________, or tendency to infect a particular tissue type.

Which of the following is FALSE concerning HIV?

A(n) ________ phage may integrate its genome into that of the host cell.

What is NOT a difficulty of culturing viruses?

Which of the following is a term for the observable destruction of cells as a result of viral lysis?

David Baltimore proposed that the primary distinction among classes of viruses was the ________ composition and the route used to express messenger RNA.

Discuss the role that marine viruses play in carbon balance.

Which is the period of time that is categorized by virtually undetectable virions inside the infected cell?

Which filamentous virus causes a fatal disease in humans and is also related to primates?

An icosahedral capsid is classified as having how many sides?

What can be counted as representing individual infectious virions from a phage suspension?

In bacteriophage T4, the DNA genome is contained in the head, and binding to the host is facilitated by attachment of the

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

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