Exam 13: Energetics and Catabolism

Although ATP is the main energy carrier in living organisms, other molecules may also serve as energy carriers in metabolic reactions. Which of the following molecules does NOT carry energy?

The energy yield from fermentation is lower than from respiration because

Which of the following is evidence that the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) route might have evolved earlier than the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMP)?

What is the phosphotransferase system (PTS) and why is the advantage for a microbial cell to have a PTS?

Describe the diagnostic use of sorbitol MacConkey agar to test for the presence of E. coli O157:H7.

In the pentose phosphate shunt (PPS), sugars exchange short carbohydrate moieties to form carbohydrates with varying chain lengths. What metabolic mechanisms allow these exchanges to occur? What are the metabolic advantages of the PPS pathway?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

The greatest amount of reduced coenzyme NADH + H⁺ is produced during which stage of aerobic respiration?

________ enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle by condensing with oxaloacetate to form ________.

Which of the following statements is FALSE with respect to heterotrophic organisms?

In glycolysis, dihydroxyacetone phosphate is isomerized to ________, which reenters the pathway.

Amino acids can be synthesized using which one of the molecules from the diagram below?

Chemoorganotrophy is a term describing microorganisms that

In most environments, the nutrient concentrations outside the cell are lower than inside the cell. If the concentration gradient is NOT favorable, a microbial cell obtains nutrients through

Which of the following molecules is responsible for the distinctive flavor of Swiss cheese?

A metabolic process allowing for anaerobic degradation of benzoate to acetate is diagrammed below. This metabolism can happen because

The molecule shown below carries energy in the cell but it needs to be stabilized. It is a ________ molecule and is stabilized when it ________.

What is substrate-level phosphorylation? Provide two examples from bacterial metabolism.

Hans Krebs's strategy to determine the biochemical intermediates involved in aerobic respiration was to use substrate molecules of varying lengths. What led Krebs to take this approach?

Why is magnesium an essential nutrient for all living cells?