Question 1

What evidence suggests that Columbus did not bring syphilis back from the New World, but instead brought it from Europe to the New World?

Accepted Answer

Native Americans buried before Columbus arrived in America show no signs of syphilis. Pre-Columbian skeletons in England, however, do show signs of syphilis. It is now thought that Columbus brought syphilis, smallpox, and measles to the Americas.

Question 2

A commonly implicated causative agent of subacute endocarditis (SBE) is

Accepted Answer

A)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
B)  Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
C)  Viridans streptococci. 
D)  Streptococcus pyogenes. 
E)  Borrelia burgdorferi. 
A)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
B)  Staphylococcus epidermidis. 
C)  Viridans streptococci. 
D)  Streptococcus pyogenes. 
E)  Borrelia burgdorferi. C

Question 3

Which of the following is correctly paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  Koplik's spot-HIV-induced cancer 
B)  herd immunity-immunity of animals 
C)  acetylcholine blocker- botulism toxin 
D)  Lyme disease-enteric disorder 
E)  enteric fever-elevated white blood cell counts 
A)  Koplik's spot-HIV-induced cancer 
B)  herd immunity-immunity of animals 
C)  acetylcholine blocker- botulism toxin 
D)  Lyme disease-enteric disorder 
E)  enteric fever-elevated white blood cell counts C

Question 4

Why is antibiotic treatment NOT typically prescribed for staphylococcal food poisoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacterium is a multidrug-resistant pathogen. 
B)  No antibiotic is useful because it's a mixed infection. 
C)  No living cells are involved in the disease. 
D)  The causative agent is MRSA. 
E)  Some antibiotics will trigger gastrointestinal disease. 
A)  The bacterium is a multidrug-resistant pathogen. 
B)  No antibiotic is useful because it's a mixed infection. 
C)  No living cells are involved in the disease. 
D)  The causative agent is MRSA. 
E)  Some antibiotics will trigger gastrointestinal disease.

Question 5

Which of the following STDs is most likely to lead to sterility?

Accepted Answer

A)  gonorrhea 
B)  syphilis 
C)  trichomoniasis 
D)  chancroid 
E)  genital herpes 
A)  gonorrhea 
B)  syphilis 
C)  trichomoniasis 
D)  chancroid 
E)  genital herpes

Question 6

The causative agent of pseudomembranous enterocolitis is

Accepted Answer

A)  Vibrio cholerae. 
B)  Vibrio parahaemolyticus. 
C)  Clostridium perfringens. 
D)  Clostridium difficile. 
E)  Helicobacter pylori. 
A)  Vibrio cholerae. 
B)  Vibrio parahaemolyticus. 
C)  Clostridium perfringens. 
D)  Clostridium difficile. 
E)  Helicobacter pylori.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT matched correctly?

Accepted Answer

A)  erythema migrans-Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
B)  Borrelia burgdorferi-Lyme disease 
C)  salvanic cycle-wild rodent and flea cycling of plague 
D)  pelvic inflammatory disease-antigen phase variation 
E)  multidrug resistance-emerging Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
A)  erythema migrans-Neisseria gonorrhoeae 
B)  Borrelia burgdorferi-Lyme disease 
C)  salvanic cycle-wild rodent and flea cycling of plague 
D)  pelvic inflammatory disease-antigen phase variation 
E)  multidrug resistance-emerging Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 8

A chancre is the initial symptom of

Accepted Answer

A)  gonorrhea. 
B)  chlamydia. 
C)  syphilis. 
D)  chancroid. 
E)  genital warts. 
A)  gonorrhea. 
B)  chlamydia. 
C)  syphilis. 
D)  chancroid. 
E)  genital warts.

Question 9

By the age of three, all children are believed to have had a rotavirus infection, which is spread by what route?

Accepted Answer

A)  food 
B)  fecal-oral 
C)  air 
D)  blood 
E)  water 
A)  food 
B)  fecal-oral 
C)  air 
D)  blood 
E)  water

Question 10

Osteomyelitis is a bone infection caused by bacteria with accompanying inflammation and bone destruction. The bones most often affected are in the

Accepted Answer

A)  arm. 
B)  fingers. 
C)  neck. 
D)  nose. 
E)  lower extremities. 
A)  arm. 
B)  fingers. 
C)  neck. 
D)  nose. 
E)  lower extremities.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT correct about malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)  It infects over 300 million people worldwide each year. 
B)  It is highly communicable from host to host. 
C)  Plasmodium species are the causative agents. 
D)  Free-iron toxicity is the mode of action of chloroquine. 
E)  Drug resistance is a challenge. 
A)  It infects over 300 million people worldwide each year. 
B)  It is highly communicable from host to host. 
C)  Plasmodium species are the causative agents. 
D)  Free-iron toxicity is the mode of action of chloroquine. 
E)  Drug resistance is a challenge.

Question 12

All of the following are true for a positive tuberculin skin test EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)  latent tuberculosis is indicated. 
B)  it signifies active disease in all patients. 
C)  a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction occurred. 
D)  the purified protein derivative is the antigen. 
E)  redness and some swelling was observed. 
A)  latent tuberculosis is indicated. 
B)  it signifies active disease in all patients. 
C)  a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction occurred. 
D)  the purified protein derivative is the antigen. 
E)  redness and some swelling was observed.

Question 13

A hunter who presents with flu-like symptoms and lives in Boston, Massachusetts, has a "bull's-eye" rash on his leg. The appropriate diagnosis is

Accepted Answer

A)  Lyme disease 
B)  tuleremia 
C)  meningitis 
D)  malaria 
E)  measles 
A)  Lyme disease 
B)  tuleremia 
C)  meningitis 
D)  malaria 
E)  measles

Question 14

What virus is shown in the figure below?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV 
B)  MRSA 
C)  Ebola 
D)  influenza 
E)  rhinovirus 
A)  HIV 
B)  MRSA 
C)  Ebola 
D)  influenza 
E)  rhinovirus

Question 15

E. coli can cause which of the following infections?

Accepted Answer

A)  MRSA 
B)  encephalitis 
C)  German measles 
D)  Rocky Mountain spotted fever 
E)  meningitis 
A)  MRSA 
B)  encephalitis 
C)  German measles 
D)  Rocky Mountain spotted fever 
E)  meningitis

Question 16

The presence of leukocytes in a fecal smear would best indicate ________ infection.

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatitis B 
B)  varicella 
C)  enteroinvasive 
D)  meningococcal 
E)  tuberculosis 
A)  hepatitis B 
B)  varicella 
C)  enteroinvasive 
D)  meningococcal 
E)  tuberculosis

Question 17

What diseases are often called spongiform encephalopathies?

Accepted Answer

A)  meningitis 
B)  cytotoxin 
C)  neurotoxin 
D)  prion 
E)  virus 
A)  meningitis 
B)  cytotoxin 
C)  neurotoxin 
D)  prion 
E)  virus

Question 18

Giardia lamblia enters a human or other host in what form?

Accepted Answer

A)  spore 
B)  endospore 
C)  cyst 
D)  worm 
E)  trophozoite 
A)  spore 
B)  endospore 
C)  cyst 
D)  worm 
E)  trophozoite

Question 19

Helicobacter pylori is thought to cause cancer through

Accepted Answer

A)  toxin production. 
B)  inducing superantigens. 
C)  neutralizing acid pH, which allows anaerobes to grow. 
D)  injecting the CagA protein into gastric epithelial cells. 
E)  adhering with pili to the oropharygeal epithelium. 
A)  toxin production. 
B)  inducing superantigens. 
C)  neutralizing acid pH, which allows anaerobes to grow. 
D)  injecting the CagA protein into gastric epithelial cells. 
E)  adhering with pili to the oropharygeal epithelium.

Question 20

Using the following figures, interpret what is occurring in Figure A.

Accepted Answer

This is a bacterial meningitis

Exam 26: Microbial Diseases

What evidence suggests that Columbus did not bring syphilis back from the New World, but instead brought it from Europe to the New World?

A commonly implicated causative agent of subacute endocarditis (SBE) is

Which of the following is correctly paired?

Why is antibiotic treatment NOT typically prescribed for staphylococcal food poisoning?

Which of the following STDs is most likely to lead to sterility?

The causative agent of pseudomembranous enterocolitis is

Which of the following is NOT matched correctly?

A chancre is the initial symptom of

By the age of three, all children are believed to have had a rotavirus infection, which is spread by what route?

Osteomyelitis is a bone infection caused by bacteria with accompanying inflammation and bone destruction. The bones most often affected are in the

Which of the following is NOT correct about malaria?

All of the following are true for a positive tuberculin skin test EXCEPT that

A hunter who presents with flu-like symptoms and lives in Boston, Massachusetts, has a "bull's-eye" rash on his leg. The appropriate diagnosis is

What virus is shown in the figure below?

E. coli can cause which of the following infections?

The presence of leukocytes in a fecal smear would best indicate ________ infection.

What diseases are often called spongiform encephalopathies?

Giardia lamblia enters a human or other host in what form?

Helicobacter pylori is thought to cause cancer through

Using the following figures, interpret what is occurring in Figure A.

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

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