Question 1

The action of epithelial excretory pumps causes

Accepted Answer

A)  osmoconcentration of urine in the kidneys. 
B)  active transport of water across the body surface. 
C)  active transport of ions across the gills. 
D)  reabsorption of ions in Malpighian tubules. 
E)  active transport of water across the gills. 
A)  osmoconcentration of urine in the kidneys. 
B)  active transport of water across the body surface. 
C)  active transport of ions across the gills. 
D)  reabsorption of ions in Malpighian tubules. 
E)  active transport of water across the gills.

Question 2

Marine cartilaginous fishes ionoregulate their internal environment, with extracellular Na+ and Cl- concentrations (total concentration about 600 mOsm) lower than sea water. Given that these two ions predominatly occur as NaCl, what would be the molar concentration of NaCl in the cartilaginous fishes?

Accepted Answer

A)  600mM 
B)  300M 
C)  600µM 
D)  300mM 
E)  1.2M 
A)  600mM 
B)  300M 
C)  600µM 
D)  300mM 
E)  1.2M

Question 3

The advantage of excreting guanine is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is relatively soluble. 
B)  is energetically cheap to produce. 
C)  can be excreted as a semisolid paste. 
D)  is non-toxic in solution. 
E)  may be co-transported with hydrogen ions. 
A)  is relatively soluble. 
B)  is energetically cheap to produce. 
C)  can be excreted as a semisolid paste. 
D)  is non-toxic in solution. 
E)  may be co-transported with hydrogen ions.

Question 4

In vertebrate kidneys, which are modified to minimise urine flow and conserve water, which of the following structures would be reduced or absent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  Distal convoluted tubule. 
C)  Loop of Henle 
D)  Glomerulus 
E)  Malpighian tubules 
A)  Proximal convoluted tubule 
B)  Distal convoluted tubule. 
C)  Loop of Henle 
D)  Glomerulus 
E)  Malpighian tubules

Question 5

When environmental sources of water are seriously lacking in volume and/or availability, what can be an alternative source of water gain, particularly in arid-adapted animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urine 
B)  Metabolic water 
C)  Uric acid 
D)  Blood 
E)  Dew 
A)  Urine 
B)  Metabolic water 
C)  Uric acid 
D)  Blood 
E)  Dew

Exam 22: Homeostasis: Water, Solutes and Excretion

The action of epithelial excretory pumps causes

The advantage of excreting guanine is that it

In vertebrate kidneys, which are modified to minimise urine flow and conserve water, which of the following structures would be reduced or absent?

When environmental sources of water are seriously lacking in volume and/or availability, what can be an alternative source of water gain, particularly in arid-adapted animals?

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