Question 1

Matching​
-​hepcidin

Accepted Answer

A) ​the breakdown of muscle tissue that results from disease or malnutrition 
B) ​an acute-phase protein involved in the regulation of iron metabolism 
C) ​the main airways of the lungs 
D) ​cells within connective tissue that produce and release histamine 
E) ​the volume of air a person inhales or exhales each minute
F)​the surgical removal of dead, damaged, or contaminated tissue resulting from burns or wounds
G)​respiratory failure triggered by severe lung injury
H)​the chemical and physical changes that occur within the body during stress
I)​progressive lung disease characterized by the breakdown of the lungs' elastic structure and destruction of the walls of the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
J)​a group of metabolic abnormalities that may result from aggressive refeeding in severely malnourished persons
K)​a method of estimating resting energy expenditure by measuring a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
L)​insufficient oxygen in the blood
M)​a group of plasma proteins that assist the activities of antibodies
N)​insufficient oxygen in body tissues
O)​a severe reduction in blood flow that deprives the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients
P)​a lung disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and excessive secretions of mucus in the main airways of the lungs
Q)​shortness of breath
R)​a whole-body inflammatory response caused by infection
S)​a bluish cast in the skin due to the color of deoxygenated hemoglobin
T)​accumulations of pus 
A) ​the breakdown of muscle tissue that results from disease or malnutrition 
B) ​an acute-phase protein involved in the regulation of iron metabolism 
C) ​the main airways of the lungs 
D) ​cells within connective tissue that produce and release histamine 
E) ​the volume of air a person inhales or exhales each minute
F)​the surgical removal of dead, damaged, or contaminated tissue resulting from burns or wounds
G)​respiratory failure triggered by severe lung injury
H)​the chemical and physical changes that occur within the body during stress
I)​progressive lung disease characterized by the breakdown of the lungs' elastic structure and destruction of the walls of the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
J)​a group of metabolic abnormalities that may result from aggressive refeeding in severely malnourished persons
K)​a method of estimating resting energy expenditure by measuring a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
L)​insufficient oxygen in the blood
M)​a group of plasma proteins that assist the activities of antibodies
N)​insufficient oxygen in body tissues
O)​a severe reduction in blood flow that deprives the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients
P)​a lung disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and excessive secretions of mucus in the main airways of the lungs
Q)​shortness of breath
R)​a whole-body inflammatory response caused by infection
S)​a bluish cast in the skin due to the color of deoxygenated hemoglobin
T)​accumulations of pus

Question 2

The principal infection most often associated with MODS is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​pneumonia 
B)  ​urinary tract infection 
C)  ​herpes simplex virus infection 
D)  ​meningitis 
E)  ​hepatitis B infection 
A)  ​pneumonia 
B)  ​urinary tract infection 
C)  ​herpes simplex virus infection 
D)  ​meningitis 
E)  ​hepatitis B infection

Question 3

Which amino acid has been shown to have beneficial effects on critically ill patients?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​leucine 
B)  ​glutamine 
C)  ​valine 
D)  ​isoleucine 
E)  ​phenylalanine 
A)  ​leucine 
B)  ​glutamine 
C)  ​valine 
D)  ​isoleucine 
E)  ​phenylalanine

Question 4

Describe the symptoms and complications associated with SIRS.​

Accepted Answer

If inflammation associated with injury o

Question 5

Kati is a 19-year-old female who suffered a head injury and multiple broken bones in a motorcycle accident. She is currently in a coma, on a mechanical ventilator, and receiving enteral nutrition. Kati is 5'2" tall and weighs 115 pounds.
​
-The stress of Kati's condition places her at risk of hypermetabolism. What kind of complication is most closely associated with hypermetabolism as a result of stress?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​wasting 
B)  ​fractures 
C)  ​kidney failure 
D)  ​bone pain 
E)  ​pulmonary edema 
A)  ​wasting 
B)  ​fractures 
C)  ​kidney failure 
D)  ​bone pain 
E)  ​pulmonary edema

Question 6

Matching​
-​debridement

Accepted Answer

A) ​the breakdown of muscle tissue that results from disease or malnutrition 
B) ​an acute-phase protein involved in the regulation of iron metabolism 
C) ​the main airways of the lungs 
D) ​cells within connective tissue that produce and release histamine 
E) ​the volume of air a person inhales or exhales each minute
F)​the surgical removal of dead, damaged, or contaminated tissue resulting from burns or wounds
G)​respiratory failure triggered by severe lung injury
H)​the chemical and physical changes that occur within the body during stress
I)​progressive lung disease characterized by the breakdown of the lungs' elastic structure and destruction of the walls of the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
J)​a group of metabolic abnormalities that may result from aggressive refeeding in severely malnourished persons
K)​a method of estimating resting energy expenditure by measuring a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
L)​insufficient oxygen in the blood
M)​a group of plasma proteins that assist the activities of antibodies
N)​insufficient oxygen in body tissues
O)​a severe reduction in blood flow that deprives the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients
P)​a lung disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and excessive secretions of mucus in the main airways of the lungs
Q)​shortness of breath
R)​a whole-body inflammatory response caused by infection
S)​a bluish cast in the skin due to the color of deoxygenated hemoglobin
T)​accumulations of pus 
A) ​the breakdown of muscle tissue that results from disease or malnutrition 
B) ​an acute-phase protein involved in the regulation of iron metabolism 
C) ​the main airways of the lungs 
D) ​cells within connective tissue that produce and release histamine 
E) ​the volume of air a person inhales or exhales each minute
F)​the surgical removal of dead, damaged, or contaminated tissue resulting from burns or wounds
G)​respiratory failure triggered by severe lung injury
H)​the chemical and physical changes that occur within the body during stress
I)​progressive lung disease characterized by the breakdown of the lungs' elastic structure and destruction of the walls of the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli
J)​a group of metabolic abnormalities that may result from aggressive refeeding in severely malnourished persons
K)​a method of estimating resting energy expenditure by measuring a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production
L)​insufficient oxygen in the blood
M)​a group of plasma proteins that assist the activities of antibodies
N)​insufficient oxygen in body tissues
O)​a severe reduction in blood flow that deprives the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients
P)​a lung disorder characterized by persistent inflammation and excessive secretions of mucus in the main airways of the lungs
Q)​shortness of breath
R)​a whole-body inflammatory response caused by infection
S)​a bluish cast in the skin due to the color of deoxygenated hemoglobin
T)​accumulations of pus

Question 7

Kati is a 19-year-old female who suffered a head injury and multiple broken bones in a motorcycle accident. She is currently in a coma, on a mechanical ventilator, and receiving enteral nutrition. Kati is 5'2" tall and weighs 115 pounds.
​
-Estimate Kati's energy needs using the Ireton-Jones equation: 1925 + [5 ´ wt (kg)] - [10 ´ age (yr)] + (281 ´ sex) + (292 ´ trauma) + (851 ´ burn).​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​2288 
B)  ​2681 
C)  ​2828 
D)  ​3420 
E)  ​3240 
A)  ​2288 
B)  ​2681 
C)  ​2828 
D)  ​3420 
E)  ​3240

Question 8

​Mr. Jones, a critically ill patient, is 5'9" tall and weighs 176 pounds. The nurse recommends that he receive a minimum of _____ grams of protein daily.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​64 
B)  ​80 
C)  ​96 
D)  ​136 
E)  ​240 
A)  ​64 
B)  ​80 
C)  ​96 
D)  ​136 
E)  ​240

Question 9

The most common risk factor associated with development of COPD is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency 
B)  ​environmental exposure to pollutants 
C)  ​lung cancer 
D)  ​cigarette smoking 
E)  ​cystic fibrosis 
A)  ​alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency 
B)  ​environmental exposure to pollutants 
C)  ​lung cancer 
D)  ​cigarette smoking 
E)  ​cystic fibrosis

Question 10

If the reduction in blood flow from inflammation is severe enough to deprive the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients, SIRS can result.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Matching -hepcidin

The principal infection most often associated with MODS is _____.

Which amino acid has been shown to have beneficial effects on critically ill patients?

Describe the symptoms and complications associated with SIRS.

Matching -debridement

Mr. Jones, a critically ill patient, is 5'9" tall and weighs 176 pounds. The nurse recommends that he receive a minimum of _____ grams of protein daily.

The most common risk factor associated with development of COPD is _____.

If the reduction in blood flow from inflammation is severe enough to deprive the body's tissues of oxygen and nutrients, SIRS can result.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

Exam 16: Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Matching​ -​hepcidin