Question 1

​List several maternal discomforts of pregnancy and describe strategies that may be implemented to counteract some of these symptoms.

Accepted Answer

because of the changes occurring in the body during pregnancy, a woman is likely to experience one or more symptoms of discomfort, such as heartburn, constipation, or nausea. Heartburn occurs as stomach acid refluxes into the esophagus after eating; it often develops with increased pressure on the stomach from the growing fetus. A woman can counteract heartburn by sitting up while eating, and eating small but frequent meals. Constipation develops when pregnancy hormones change the muscle tone of the intestinal tract. Constipation can be managed by increasing fiber intake and drinking plenty of fluids. Nausea is a common discomfort of pregnancy; it occurs because of hormone changes that increase a woman's sensitivity to tastes and smells. Nausea is often managed by avoiding strong-smelling foods and eating dry toast or crackers.​

Question 2

Carrie is days away from delivering her first baby. She has been contemplating breastfeeding for its nutritional and immunological benefits, and has been reading about breastfeeding and talking to mothers who breastfed their babies. The birthing center where she receives prenatal care, and where she will deliver her baby, has scheduled Carrie to meet with its lactation expert. Carrie has read the birthing center's "Guide to Successful Breastfeeding," and is prepared to ask the lactation expert about relaxation techniques. Not only is Carrie "high-strung" by nature, but she is quite anxious about the childbirth process, let alone the prospect of breastfeeding. Imagine you are the lactation expert who is counseling Carrie.
​
-​Carrie's infant can be expected to need about how many feedings per 24-hour period during the first month or so?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1-3 
B)  ​5-7 
C)  ​8-12 
D)  ​15-18 
E)  ​18-24 
A)  ​1-3 
B)  ​5-7 
C)  ​8-12 
D)  ​15-18 
E)  ​18-24 C

Question 3

Matching​
-​critical period

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy O

Question 4

Matching​
-​fetal alcohol syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 5

A physician has recommended that a pregnant mother take a daily multivitamin-mineral supplement to support nutrient intake during pregnancy. This type of supplement typically contains more of which elements designed for prenatal nutrition?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamins A and E 
B)  magnesium, zinc, and choline​ 
C)  ​sodium and potassium 
D)  ​folic acid, iron, and calcium 
E)  ​iron, vitamin C, and phosphorus 
A)  ​vitamins A and E 
B)  magnesium, zinc, and choline​ 
C)  ​sodium and potassium 
D)  ​folic acid, iron, and calcium 
E)  ​iron, vitamin C, and phosphorus

Question 6

Matching​
-​listeriosis

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 7

A woman who has gained 50 pounds during her pregnancy asks about weight loss after delivery of the baby. The typical woman who gains excess weight during pregnancy often has which weight loss outcome?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​She retains excess weight after pregnancy in the form of fat 
B)  ​She returns to her prepregnancy weight within three months 
C)  ​She loses most to all of her weight and weighs less than before pregnancy 
D)  ​She returns to her prepregnancy weight within two years 
E)  ​She retains excess weight after pregnancy in the form of accumulated fluids 
A)  ​She retains excess weight after pregnancy in the form of fat 
B)  ​She returns to her prepregnancy weight within three months 
C)  ​She loses most to all of her weight and weighs less than before pregnancy 
D)  ​She returns to her prepregnancy weight within two years 
E)  ​She retains excess weight after pregnancy in the form of accumulated fluids

Question 8

The warning signs of preeclampsia include _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​low hematocrit, high blood glucose, and ketones in the urine 
B)  ​high blood glucose, glucose in the urine, and agitation 
C)  ​hypertension, edema, and protein in the urine 
D)  ​high blood glucose and blood in the urine 
E)  ​chest pain and numbness and tingling in the extremities 
A)  ​low hematocrit, high blood glucose, and ketones in the urine 
B)  ​high blood glucose, glucose in the urine, and agitation 
C)  ​hypertension, edema, and protein in the urine 
D)  ​high blood glucose and blood in the urine 
E)  ​chest pain and numbness and tingling in the extremities

Question 9

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​infection with Streptococcus 
B)  ​unusual skin rash 
C)  ​facial and vision abnormalities 
D)  ​spinal curvature and muscle weakness 
E)  ​lack of brown fat 
A)  ​infection with Streptococcus 
B)  ​unusual skin rash 
C)  ​facial and vision abnormalities 
D)  ​spinal curvature and muscle weakness 
E)  ​lack of brown fat

Question 10

What factor contributes to an iron deficiency risk for Deborah?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​her ethnicity 
B)  ​her age 
C)  ​her limited financial means 
D)  ​her usual eating style 
E)  ​her weight 
A)  ​her ethnicity 
B)  ​her age 
C)  ​her limited financial means 
D)  ​her usual eating style 
E)  ​her weight

Question 11

Matching​
-​preeclampsia

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 12

Matching​
-​fertility

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 13

Matching​
-​spina bifida

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 14

​A pregnant woman with low hemoglobin must take a 30 mg iron supplement. To enhance iron absorption, the woman should take the supplement _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​just before bed at night 
B)  ​30 minutes after a meal and with a glass of milk 
C)  ​during a meal 
D)  ​immediately after waking 
E)  ​between meals and with water or juice 
A)  ​just before bed at night 
B)  ​30 minutes after a meal and with a glass of milk 
C)  ​during a meal 
D)  ​immediately after waking 
E)  ​between meals and with water or juice

Question 15

Matching​
-​engorgement

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 16

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Have the mother continue to breastfeed and monitor for the medication's effects on the baby. 
B)  ​Tell the mother to discontinue breastfeeding until she has finished taking her medication. 
C)  ​Explain that the mother should discontinue taking the medication. 
D)  ​Have the mother use a breast pump and discard the milk until the medication is complete. 
E)  ​Encourage the mother to take her medication with a large glass of water. 
A)  ​Have the mother continue to breastfeed and monitor for the medication's effects on the baby. 
B)  ​Tell the mother to discontinue breastfeeding until she has finished taking her medication. 
C)  ​Explain that the mother should discontinue taking the medication. 
D)  ​Have the mother use a breast pump and discard the milk until the medication is complete. 
E)  ​Encourage the mother to take her medication with a large glass of water.

Question 17

Explain how energy needs change as pregnancy progresses.​

Accepted Answer

energy needs increase as pregnancy progr

Question 18

Matching​
-​gestational diabetes

Accepted Answer

A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy 
A) an organ in the uterus through which the fetus receives nutrients and oxygen 
B) an infant's consumption of human milk with no supplementation of any type​ 
C) ​an uncommon and always fatal type of neural tube defect that occurs when the brain is either missing or fails to develop fully 
D) one of the most common types of neural tube defects; characterized by the incomplete closure of the spinal cord and its bony encasement 
E) ​a reflex that causes an infant to turn toward whichever cheek is touched, in search of a nipple
F)​a condition that occurs during pregnancy that is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, and protein in the urine
G)​infection of a breast
H)the capacity of a woman to produce a normal ovum periodically and of a man to produce normal sperm
I)​a serious foodborne infection caused by bacteria that can lead to severe brain infection or death in a fetus or newborn
J)a spectrum of physical, behavioral, and cognitive disabilities caused by prenatal alcohol exposure
K)the cluster of symptoms seen in an infant or child whose mother consumed excessive alcohol during her pregnancy
L)​the reflex that forces milk to the front of the breast when the infant begins to nurse
M)​overfilling of the breasts with milk
N)​the stage of development in which the blastocyst embeds itself into the wall of the uterus and begins to develop
O)a finite period during development in which certain events occur that will have irreversible effects on later developmental stages
P)​the period of about 40 weeks from conception to birth
Q)​the production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant
R)a pregnancy characterized by risk factors that make it likely the birth will be surrounded by problems
S)strong desires to avoid certain foods during pregnancy
T)​glucose intolerance with first onset or first recognition during pregnancy

Question 19

Obese pregnant women face a variety of potential health complications because of their weight, including premature delivery, gestational diabetes, and _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​delivery of a low-birthweight baby 
B)  ​orthostatic hypotension 
C)  ​an increased risk of ovarian cancer 
D)  ​infection after the birth 
E)  ​depression and anxiety 
A)  ​delivery of a low-birthweight baby 
B)  ​orthostatic hypotension 
C)  ​an increased risk of ovarian cancer 
D)  ​infection after the birth 
E)  ​depression and anxiety

Question 20

A pregnant woman can protect against lead toxicity by increasing dietary calcium intake.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

​List several maternal discomforts of pregnancy and describe strategies that may be implemented to counteract some of these symptoms.

Matching​ -​critical period

Matching​ -​fetal alcohol syndrome

A physician has recommended that a pregnant mother take a daily multivitamin-mineral supplement to support nutrient intake during pregnancy. This type of supplement typically contains more of which elements designed for prenatal nutrition?​

Matching​ -​listeriosis

A woman who has gained 50 pounds during her pregnancy asks about weight loss after delivery of the baby. The typical woman who gains excess weight during pregnancy often has which weight loss outcome?​

The warning signs of preeclampsia include _____.​

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?​

What factor contributes to an iron deficiency risk for Deborah?​

Matching​ -​preeclampsia

Matching​ -​fertility

Matching​ -​spina bifida

​A pregnant woman with low hemoglobin must take a 30 mg iron supplement. To enhance iron absorption, the woman should take the supplement _____.

Matching​ -​engorgement

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?​

Explain how energy needs change as pregnancy progresses.​

Matching​ -​gestational diabetes

Obese pregnant women face a variety of potential health complications because of their weight, including premature delivery, gestational diabetes, and _____.​

A pregnant woman can protect against lead toxicity by increasing dietary calcium intake.​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

List several maternal discomforts of pregnancy and describe strategies that may be implemented to counteract some of these symptoms.

Matching -critical period

Matching -fetal alcohol syndrome

A physician has recommended that a pregnant mother take a daily multivitamin-mineral supplement to support nutrient intake during pregnancy. This type of supplement typically contains more of which elements designed for prenatal nutrition?

Matching -listeriosis

A woman who has gained 50 pounds during her pregnancy asks about weight loss after delivery of the baby. The typical woman who gains excess weight during pregnancy often has which weight loss outcome?

The warning signs of preeclampsia include _____.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) include what associated characteristics at birth?

What factor contributes to an iron deficiency risk for Deborah?

Matching -preeclampsia

Matching -fertility

Matching -spina bifida

A pregnant woman with low hemoglobin must take a 30 mg iron supplement. To enhance iron absorption, the woman should take the supplement _____.

Matching -engorgement

A lactating mother wants to breastfeed but she has a short-term prescription for antibiotics that have been shown to cross into breast milk and that could affect her baby. What solution is most appropriate in this situation to protect the health of this mother and her baby?

Explain how energy needs change as pregnancy progresses.

Matching -gestational diabetes

Obese pregnant women face a variety of potential health complications because of their weight, including premature delivery, gestational diabetes, and _____.

A pregnant woman can protect against lead toxicity by increasing dietary calcium intake.