Exam 11: Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year, but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn. Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable. Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice. Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream. Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes. Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything." ​ -When assessing Bobby's food intake, the nurse practitioner includes questioning regarding pica. Which question would be most appropriate to assess for pica?​

Adolescents who eat at home with family members _____.​

Nutrients often found lacking in teenage diets include _____.​

Teenage boys experience a more intense growth spurt and develop more lean body mass than girls do.​

Adolescents who drink soft drinks regularly have _____ when compared to those who do not.​

Matching -​hyperactivity

The main source of energy in an infant's diet is provided by what substance found in breast milk and formula?​

An acceptable total cholesterol level for a child or adolescent is _____.​

Matching -​antigens

The food most likely to lead to anaphylactic shock among children is _____.​

Providing large quantities of candy, cola, and other concentrated sweets during the growing years is most likely to result in _____.​

According to the USDA Nutrition Standards for foods sold in schools, all schools may sell which beverages?​

​Michael's mother complains that he is a very picky eater and never likes to try new foods. She states that he will only eat chicken nuggets and toaster pastries. Which strategy could be advised to Michael's mother that may help him to be less picky with eating?

Adult heart disease is a major pediatric problem.​

Iron deficiency not only causes an energy crisis, but also directly _____.​

Bobby, a 9-year-old Caucasian boy, is being seen for a health physical. His physical exam revealed a normal BMI with an increase in height of an inch and a half in the past year. His skin was noted to be pale, and his eyelid mucosae were white. His mother's chief complaint is that Bobby is often lethargic at school and has been reprimanded for failing to pay attention. He dropped out of soccer when the practices became too physically demanding, and since then, he spends several hours each night watching TV and playing video games. He gets very little exercise. Bobby states that he would like to play soccer next year, but that he "didn't feel like it" this year. Though his mom says he is always willing to go to bed when asked, he seems irritable and withdrawn. The nurse practitioner obtains his diet history, using MyPlate to ask about food groups he usually eats: Grains Group: Prefers refined grains, such as Chex, Rice Krispies, and Frosted Flakes for breakfast with milk. Prefers white bread, bagels, crackers, and pretzels. The only whole grain he eats is microwave popcorn. Vegetables Group: Favorite is French fries. Eats canned vegetables such as canned green beans and corn. At school, enjoys cream of tomato soup. Likes lettuce and tomato on his School Lunch tacos, but if he had his choice, he would not choose a salad or side vegetable. Fruits Group: Likes apples, grapes, bananas, canned fruit, and fruit juice. Milk Group: Regularly consumes two 8-ounce cups of 2% milk or whole chocolate milk per day. Likes grilled cheese sandwiches, string cheese, and ice cream. Protein Foods Group: Favorites are chicken nuggets, bacon, breakfast sausage, and fish sticks. At school, likes peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, but otherwise does not like nuts, seeds, or legumes. Discretionary kcalories: Eats candy and cookies and drinks soda every day; drinks iced tea occasionally with his School Lunch instead of milk. He puts ketchup on "everything." ​ -Bobby's fatigue is due to iron's role in _____.​

​At about the first birthday, a child's appetite tends to ______.

For boys born in the United States in the year 2000, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes sometime in their lives is estimated to be _____.​

Matching -food allergy

Which factor found in breast milk has been shown to offer protective benefits to the breastfeeding infant?​