Question 1

To be considered "probiotic," bacteria must meet what criteria?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​They must be nonpathogenic when consumed 
B)  ​They must be consumed in small amounts 
C)  ​They must colonize the intestine 
D)  ​They must produce gas as a by-product of their activity 
E)  ​They must be compatible with vitamin D 
A)  ​They must be nonpathogenic when consumed 
B)  ​They must be consumed in small amounts 
C)  ​They must colonize the intestine 
D)  ​They must produce gas as a by-product of their activity 
E)  ​They must be compatible with vitamin D A

Question 2

Diverticulitis is thought to occur in up to _____ percent of individuals with diverticulosis.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​10 
B)  ​18 
C)  ​25 
D)  ​35 
E)  ​48 
A)  ​10 
B)  ​18 
C)  ​25 
D)  ​35 
E)  ​48 C

Question 3

their nutrition care.
Medical History: A.R. is a healthy 51-year old premenopausal Caucasian woman with pallor who is employed full-time in an office job. She had a pancreatic cyst removed six years ago. She was asymptomatic until one year ago when she developed acute pancreatitis flare-ups after consuming fatty foods. The condition was attributed to scarring at the pancreatic duct, which secretes pancreatic lipase, and was accompanied by severe abdominal pain radiating to her back, vomiting, and steatorrhea. She was placed on oral pancreatic lipase enzyme tablets (Pancrease™) that digest fat, and was also prescribed to follow a "low-fat diet." The medication and diet help to reduce her symptoms, and she notes that flare-ups generally only occur when she eats too much fat. 
Anthropometric: Ht: 5'2. Wt: 156 lbs. Wt 1 yr ago: 199 lbs. Frame size: Medium.
Clinical/Labs: A.R.'s serum vitamin D was low (20 ng/mL; normal is 25-80 ng/mL), but all other labs were within normal limits when she last visited her internal medicine physician several months ago. She was placed on a 5,000-IU vitamin D supplement, to be reduced to a 2,000-IU vitamin D supplement thereafter; she takes no other vitamins or minerals. Other medications include Synthroid and Aygestin.
Current Chief Complaints: A.R.'s current problems include constipation and dry skin.
Diet: "My usual grocery list consists of boneless chicken breasts, turkey, pork chops (infrequently), strip steak (infrequently), 90/10 ground beef, pasta (half whole-wheat, half regular), tomatoes and sauce to make pasta sauce, 90 percent fat-free lunch meat ham or turkey, brown rice, steamable microwave vegetables, red and green lettuce, tomatoes, onions, cereal, blueberries if on sale, apples, tangerines, red licorice, bread, crackers, and canned soup. I am concerned about not having enough protein or iron because I am afraid to eat very much red meat. The foods I miss the most include iced tea, which I skip because of caffeine-I am getting bored with water. I like to bake and I miss baked goods, and I also miss cheese-I am afraid it is too high in fat. I have a hard time figuring out what to pack for lunch. The restaurants I go to if I do go out are Chick-Fil-A, Panera, Viva, a local diner, and an Italian restaurant. I like Italian and Mexican food. Usually if I do eat out it is for lunch but it is sometimes hard to figure out something safe to eat..." Dairy foods: Twice a day, drinks 2 8-oz glasses of 1% milk. Fruits: 1 cup per day. ​
-A.R.'s steatorrhea can be evaluated by placing her on a high-fat diet, performing a 48- to 72-hour stool collection, and _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​checking her cholesterol levels 
B)  ​measuring the stool's fat content 
C)  ​evaluating the pH of a urine sample 
D)  ​measuring the protein content of the stool sample 
E)  ​measuring her body weight 
A)  ​checking her cholesterol levels 
B)  ​measuring the stool's fat content 
C)  ​evaluating the pH of a urine sample 
D)  ​measuring the protein content of the stool sample 
E)  ​measuring her body weight B

Question 4

Patients with celiac disease must avoid foods that contain _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​iron 
B)  ​protein 
C)  ​​gluten 
D)  sugar 
E)  ​trans fats 
A)  ​iron 
B)  ​protein 
C)  ​​gluten 
D)  sugar 
E)  ​trans fats

Question 5

A patient with an ostomy is concerned about excessive odor from his stoma. He should be advised to avoid what food?​

Accepted Answer

A)  Yogurt 
B)  ​Brussels sprouts 
C)  ​Cranberry juice 
D)  ​Buttermilk 
E)  ​Buttermilk. 
A)  Yogurt 
B)  ​Brussels sprouts 
C)  ​Cranberry juice 
D)  ​Buttermilk 
E)  ​Buttermilk.

Question 6

For which of the following people might heavy probiotics consumption be unsafe?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Teresa, who has IBS 
B)  ​Bobbie, who is lactose intolerant 
C)  ​Tim, who has AIDS 
D)  ​Bill, who drinks alcohol daily 
E)  ​Katie, who suffers from constipation 
A)  ​Teresa, who has IBS 
B)  ​Bobbie, who is lactose intolerant 
C)  ​Tim, who has AIDS 
D)  ​Bill, who drinks alcohol daily 
E)  ​Katie, who suffers from constipation

Question 7

​Matching
-​colectomy

Accepted Answer

A) physiological changes in the small intestine that increase its absorptive capacity after resection​ 
B) ​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine 
C) ​a family of water-insoluble proteins in wheat 
D) ​medications or enzyme preparations that are coated to withstand stomach acidity 
E) ​the condition of having excessive intestinal gas, which causes abdominal discomfort
F)​the surgical removal of part of an organ or body structure
G)​a gluten-sensitive disorder characterized by a severe skin rash
H)​bypassed sections of small intestine that are cut off from the normal flow of food material, allowing bacteria to flourish
I)​a surgically created opening in a body tissue or organ
J)​a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal chloride and sodium levels in exocrine secretions
K)​a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum
L)​removal of a portion or all of the colon
M)​inflammation or infection involving diverticula
N)​chemical compounds formed from fatty acids and positively charged minerals
O)​an immune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to wheat gluten and related proteins 
A) physiological changes in the small intestine that increase its absorptive capacity after resection​ 
B) ​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine 
C) ​a family of water-insoluble proteins in wheat 
D) ​medications or enzyme preparations that are coated to withstand stomach acidity 
E) ​the condition of having excessive intestinal gas, which causes abdominal discomfort
F)​the surgical removal of part of an organ or body structure
G)​a gluten-sensitive disorder characterized by a severe skin rash
H)​bypassed sections of small intestine that are cut off from the normal flow of food material, allowing bacteria to flourish
I)​a surgically created opening in a body tissue or organ
J)​a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal chloride and sodium levels in exocrine secretions
K)​a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum
L)​removal of a portion or all of the colon
M)​inflammation or infection involving diverticula
N)​chemical compounds formed from fatty acids and positively charged minerals
O)​an immune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to wheat gluten and related proteins

Question 8

their nutrition care.
Medical History: A.R. is a healthy 51-year old premenopausal Caucasian woman with pallor who is employed full-time in an office job. She had a pancreatic cyst removed six years ago. She was asymptomatic until one year ago when she developed acute pancreatitis flare-ups after consuming fatty foods. The condition was attributed to scarring at the pancreatic duct, which secretes pancreatic lipase, and was accompanied by severe abdominal pain radiating to her back, vomiting, and steatorrhea. She was placed on oral pancreatic lipase enzyme tablets (Pancrease™) that digest fat, and was also prescribed to follow a "low-fat diet." The medication and diet help to reduce her symptoms, and she notes that flare-ups generally only occur when she eats too much fat. 
Anthropometric: Ht: 5'2. Wt: 156 lbs. Wt 1 yr ago: 199 lbs. Frame size: Medium.
Clinical/Labs: A.R.'s serum vitamin D was low (20 ng/mL; normal is 25-80 ng/mL), but all other labs were within normal limits when she last visited her internal medicine physician several months ago. She was placed on a 5,000-IU vitamin D supplement, to be reduced to a 2,000-IU vitamin D supplement thereafter; she takes no other vitamins or minerals. Other medications include Synthroid and Aygestin.
Current Chief Complaints: A.R.'s current problems include constipation and dry skin.
Diet: "My usual grocery list consists of boneless chicken breasts, turkey, pork chops (infrequently), strip steak (infrequently), 90/10 ground beef, pasta (half whole-wheat, half regular), tomatoes and sauce to make pasta sauce, 90 percent fat-free lunch meat ham or turkey, brown rice, steamable microwave vegetables, red and green lettuce, tomatoes, onions, cereal, blueberries if on sale, apples, tangerines, red licorice, bread, crackers, and canned soup. I am concerned about not having enough protein or iron because I am afraid to eat very much red meat. The foods I miss the most include iced tea, which I skip because of caffeine-I am getting bored with water. I like to bake and I miss baked goods, and I also miss cheese-I am afraid it is too high in fat. I have a hard time figuring out what to pack for lunch. The restaurants I go to if I do go out are Chick-Fil-A, Panera, Viva, a local diner, and an Italian restaurant. I like Italian and Mexican food. Usually if I do eat out it is for lunch but it is sometimes hard to figure out something safe to eat..." Dairy foods: Twice a day, drinks 2 8-oz glasses of 1% milk. Fruits: 1 cup per day. ​
-A.R.'s doctor recommends that she take a multivitamin-mineral supplement because _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreatic enzyme replacements can decrease the absorption of iron​ 
B)  ​steatorrhea can promote the loss of excess fluid 
C)  ​A.R. is at higher risk of weight gain 
D)  ​she may develop kidney stones 
E)  ​steatorrhea damages the gastrointestinal tract 
A)  pancreatic enzyme replacements can decrease the absorption of iron​ 
B)  ​steatorrhea can promote the loss of excess fluid 
C)  ​A.R. is at higher risk of weight gain 
D)  ​she may develop kidney stones 
E)  ​steatorrhea damages the gastrointestinal tract

Question 9

Which food would the nurse include in a diet plan for a patient with celiac disease?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Rye bread 
B)  ​Scrambled eggs 
C)  ​Whole-wheat toast 
D)  ​Scalloped potatoes 
E)  ​Pancakes 
A)  ​Rye bread 
B)  ​Scrambled eggs 
C)  ​Whole-wheat toast 
D)  ​Scalloped potatoes 
E)  ​Pancakes

Question 10

Daily exercise has been proven to cure constipation by stimulating peristalsis.
​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A colostomy involves removal of the entire colon.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

​Matching
-diverticulitis

Accepted Answer

A) physiological changes in the small intestine that increase its absorptive capacity after resection​ 
B) ​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine 
C) ​a family of water-insoluble proteins in wheat 
D) ​medications or enzyme preparations that are coated to withstand stomach acidity 
E) ​the condition of having excessive intestinal gas, which causes abdominal discomfort
F)​the surgical removal of part of an organ or body structure
G)​a gluten-sensitive disorder characterized by a severe skin rash
H)​bypassed sections of small intestine that are cut off from the normal flow of food material, allowing bacteria to flourish
I)​a surgically created opening in a body tissue or organ
J)​a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal chloride and sodium levels in exocrine secretions
K)​a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum
L)​removal of a portion or all of the colon
M)​inflammation or infection involving diverticula
N)​chemical compounds formed from fatty acids and positively charged minerals
O)​an immune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to wheat gluten and related proteins 
A) physiological changes in the small intestine that increase its absorptive capacity after resection​ 
B) ​excessive bacterial colonization of the stomach and small intestine 
C) ​a family of water-insoluble proteins in wheat 
D) ​medications or enzyme preparations that are coated to withstand stomach acidity 
E) ​the condition of having excessive intestinal gas, which causes abdominal discomfort
F)​the surgical removal of part of an organ or body structure
G)​a gluten-sensitive disorder characterized by a severe skin rash
H)​bypassed sections of small intestine that are cut off from the normal flow of food material, allowing bacteria to flourish
I)​a surgically created opening in a body tissue or organ
J)​a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal chloride and sodium levels in exocrine secretions
K)​a surgical passage through the abdominal wall into the ileum
L)​removal of a portion or all of the colon
M)​inflammation or infection involving diverticula
N)​chemical compounds formed from fatty acids and positively charged minerals
O)​an immune disorder characterized by an abnormal immune response to wheat gluten and related proteins

Question 13

Many lactose-intolerant individuals can tolerate up to 2 cups of milk a day when intake is divided throughout the day and taken with food.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Sarah is a 21-year-old college student who has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. She is underweight and has a poor appetite. Realizing that Sarah is at nutritional risk, the nurse advises that Sarah _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​consume an oral nutrition supplement two to three times a day 
B)  ​increase the fiber in her diet 
C)  ​increase her intake of milk to four cups a day 
D)  ​eat more high-fat foods 
E)  ​begin tube feedings to supplement her diet 
A)  ​consume an oral nutrition supplement two to three times a day 
B)  ​increase the fiber in her diet 
C)  ​increase her intake of milk to four cups a day 
D)  ​eat more high-fat foods 
E)  ​begin tube feedings to supplement her diet

Question 15

Non-digestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  probiotics 
B)  ​probiotics 
C)  ​intestinal flora 
D)  ​pathogenic bacteria 
E)  ​subdominant bacteria 
A)  probiotics 
B)  ​probiotics 
C)  ​intestinal flora 
D)  ​pathogenic bacteria 
E)  ​subdominant bacteria

Question 16

Why are young people with cystic fibrosis short and very lean for their age?​

Accepted Answer

cystic fibrosis is the most common life-

Question 17

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: A hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; broccoli salad, potato chips, and a glass of iced tea. Later that afternoon Billy began to experience intestinal gas. Which food was most likely responsible for the gas production?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Hamburger meat 
B)  Tomato 
C)  ​Broccoli salad 
D)  Iced tea 
E)  ​Potato chips 
A)  ​Hamburger meat 
B)  Tomato 
C)  ​Broccoli salad 
D)  Iced tea 
E)  ​Potato chips

Question 18

Generally, up to _____% of the small intestine can be resected without serious nutritional consequences.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​25 
B)  ​30 
C)  ​45 
D)  ​50 
E)  ​75 
A)  ​25 
B)  ​30 
C)  ​45 
D)  ​50 
E)  ​75

Question 19

Most cases of Crohn's disease affect which part of the gastrointestinal tract?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The esophagus 
B)  ​The lower esophageal sphincter 
C)  ​The stomach 
D)  ​The duodenum 
E)  ​The ileum 
A)  ​The esophagus 
B)  ​The lower esophageal sphincter 
C)  ​The stomach 
D)  ​The duodenum 
E)  ​The ileum

Question 20

Celiac disease affects intestinal tissue and results in _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​reduction in mucosal surface area 
B)  ​ulceration, irritation, and bleeding 
C)  ​cessation of the production of digestive enzymes 
D)  ​bacterial overgrowth 
E)  ​acid reflux from the stomach to the esophagus 
A)  ​reduction in mucosal surface area 
B)  ​ulceration, irritation, and bleeding 
C)  ​cessation of the production of digestive enzymes 
D)  ​bacterial overgrowth 
E)  ​acid reflux from the stomach to the esophagus

Exam 18: Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

To be considered "probiotic," bacteria must meet what criteria?​

Diverticulitis is thought to occur in up to _____ percent of individuals with diverticulosis.​

Patients with celiac disease must avoid foods that contain _____.​

A patient with an ostomy is concerned about excessive odor from his stoma. He should be advised to avoid what food?​

For which of the following people might heavy probiotics consumption be unsafe?​

​Matching -​colectomy

Which food would the nurse include in a diet plan for a patient with celiac disease?​

Daily exercise has been proven to cure constipation by stimulating peristalsis. ​

A colostomy involves removal of the entire colon.​

​Matching -diverticulitis

Many lactose-intolerant individuals can tolerate up to 2 cups of milk a day when intake is divided throughout the day and taken with food.​

Sarah is a 21-year-old college student who has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. She is underweight and has a poor appetite. Realizing that Sarah is at nutritional risk, the nurse advises that Sarah _____.​

Non-digestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called _____.​

Why are young people with cystic fibrosis short and very lean for their age?​

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: A hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; broccoli salad, potato chips, and a glass of iced tea. Later that afternoon Billy began to experience intestinal gas. Which food was most likely responsible for the gas production?​

Generally, up to _____% of the small intestine can be resected without serious nutritional consequences.​

Most cases of Crohn's disease affect which part of the gastrointestinal tract?​

Celiac disease affects intestinal tissue and results in _____.​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management - Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Pregnancy and Infancy

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span - Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition - Cancer - and HIV Infection

Filters

To be considered "probiotic," bacteria must meet what criteria?

Diverticulitis is thought to occur in up to _____ percent of individuals with diverticulosis.

Patients with celiac disease must avoid foods that contain _____.

A patient with an ostomy is concerned about excessive odor from his stoma. He should be advised to avoid what food?

For which of the following people might heavy probiotics consumption be unsafe?

Matching -colectomy

Which food would the nurse include in a diet plan for a patient with celiac disease?

Daily exercise has been proven to cure constipation by stimulating peristalsis.

A colostomy involves removal of the entire colon.

Matching -diverticulitis

Many lactose-intolerant individuals can tolerate up to 2 cups of milk a day when intake is divided throughout the day and taken with food.

Sarah is a 21-year-old college student who has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. She is underweight and has a poor appetite. Realizing that Sarah is at nutritional risk, the nurse advises that Sarah _____.

Non-digestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called _____.

Why are young people with cystic fibrosis short and very lean for their age?

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: A hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; broccoli salad, potato chips, and a glass of iced tea. Later that afternoon Billy began to experience intestinal gas. Which food was most likely responsible for the gas production?

Generally, up to _____% of the small intestine can be resected without serious nutritional consequences.

Most cases of Crohn's disease affect which part of the gastrointestinal tract?

Celiac disease affects intestinal tissue and results in _____.