Question 1

The 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz marked the beginning of the decline of what empire?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Ottoman Empire 
B)  The Habsburg Empire 
C)  The Russian Empire 
D)  The Holy Roman Empire 
A)  The Ottoman Empire 
B)  The Habsburg Empire 
C)  The Russian Empire 
D)  The Holy Roman Empire

Question 2

What was the Fronde, what were its goals, why was it unsuccessful, and what were its consequences?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 3

What did Frederick William of Hohenzollern give his nobles in Brandenburg-Prussia in exchange for allowing him to collect taxes in their provinces?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complete control over their enserfed peasants and personal exemption from taxation 
B)  Exemption from dues as well as all military and civil service 
C)  A monopoly on foreign trade and the taxes collected from commerce 
D)  Greater influence in government through representative assemblies 
A)  Complete control over their enserfed peasants and personal exemption from taxation 
B)  Exemption from dues as well as all military and civil service 
C)  A monopoly on foreign trade and the taxes collected from commerce 
D)  Greater influence in government through representative assemblies

Question 4

What institution did Frederick William of Hohenzollern expand dramatically in Brandenburg-Prussia?

Accepted Answer

A)  The army 
B)  The Prussian Estates system 
C)  Government-run newspapers 
D)  A network of suggestion boxes outside public buildings 
A)  The army 
B)  The Prussian Estates system 
C)  Government-run newspapers 
D)  A network of suggestion boxes outside public buildings

Question 5

What was the doctrine of divine right as expressed by Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, and how did it fit in with Louis XIV's political goals?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 6

What was the role of the arts in Louis XIV's regime?

Accepted Answer

A)  The arts served as a diversion from the hardships of everyday life because they allowed ordinary people to engage with beauty. 
B)  The arts were a means to glorify God, as Louis invested large amounts of state money in religious art. 
C)  The arts helped finance his European wars, as he sold off the royal collection after the state went bankrupt. 
D)  The arts were used as a political tool to enhance Louis's prestige and were even treated as a branch of the government. 
A)  The arts served as a diversion from the hardships of everyday life because they allowed ordinary people to engage with beauty. 
B)  The arts were a means to glorify God, as Louis invested large amounts of state money in religious art. 
C)  The arts helped finance his European wars, as he sold off the royal collection after the state went bankrupt. 
D)  The arts were used as a political tool to enhance Louis's prestige and were even treated as a branch of the government.

Question 7

What was one of Louis XIV's first goals when he assumed direct control as king of France?

Accepted Answer

A)  Making a good marriage alliance 
B)  Reining in France's unruly nobles 
C)  Redistributing the tax burden 
D)  Reactivating the parlements 
A)  Making a good marriage alliance 
B)  Reining in France's unruly nobles 
C)  Redistributing the tax burden 
D)  Reactivating the parlements

Question 8

Which of the following did Louis XIV employ as a counter to the parlements, provincial estates, aristocratic governors, and hereditary officials, many of whom had purchased their offices?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regents 
B)  Mobile royal courts 
C)  Intendants 
D)  Royal militias 
A)  Regents 
B)  Mobile royal courts 
C)  Intendants 
D)  Royal militias

Question 9

Which region did Louis XIV acquire following the Treaty of Rijswijk in 1697?
​
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Franche-Comté 
B)  Alsace 
C)  Flanders 
D)  Savoy 
A)  Franche-Comté 
B)  Alsace 
C)  Flanders 
D)  Savoy

Question 10

Why did Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan (1651) enrage both royalists and supporters of Parliament?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hobbes championed the concept of "divine right," but only for Catholic monarchs who received the blessing of the pope. 
B)  Hobbes argued in favor of pluralism, a maximizing of the social classes and religious sects represented in the House of Commons. 
C)  Hobbes favored a social contract as the basis for governmental legitimacy while championing absolutist rule (by either king or Parliament). 
D)  Hobbes called for a confederation of England and France as a correction to the "unsatisfactory" settlement of the Thirty Years' War. 
A)  Hobbes championed the concept of "divine right," but only for Catholic monarchs who received the blessing of the pope. 
B)  Hobbes argued in favor of pluralism, a maximizing of the social classes and religious sects represented in the House of Commons. 
C)  Hobbes favored a social contract as the basis for governmental legitimacy while championing absolutist rule (by either king or Parliament). 
D)  Hobbes called for a confederation of England and France as a correction to the "unsatisfactory" settlement of the Thirty Years' War.

Question 11

In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the poor were no longer perceived as deserving of charity but as

Accepted Answer

A)  dangerous degenerates in need of moral reform through harsh discipline. 
B)  sinfully lazy outcasts who were to be refused any form of assistance. 
C)  merely unlucky citizens who were to be treated like any other member of the community. 
D)  godless sinners to be driven out from among the elect into the countryside. 
A)  dangerous degenerates in need of moral reform through harsh discipline. 
B)  sinfully lazy outcasts who were to be refused any form of assistance. 
C)  merely unlucky citizens who were to be treated like any other member of the community. 
D)  godless sinners to be driven out from among the elect into the countryside.

Question 12

What were the consequences of Louis XIV's revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685?

Accepted Answer

A)  A period of great religious toleration commenced during which Protestants and Jews enjoyed complete freedom of religion in France. 
B)  The Calvinists lost all their rights, their churches and schools were closed, and they were forced to convert to Catholicism, leading thousands to flee the country. 
C)  Protestants were deported en masse to France's colonies in the New World so that they would no longer disrupt political affairs in France. 
D)  Catholics began to massacre Protestants throughout France, forcing Louis XIV to imprison all Protestants to keep the peace. 
A)  A period of great religious toleration commenced during which Protestants and Jews enjoyed complete freedom of religion in France. 
B)  The Calvinists lost all their rights, their churches and schools were closed, and they were forced to convert to Catholicism, leading thousands to flee the country. 
C)  Protestants were deported en masse to France's colonies in the New World so that they would no longer disrupt political affairs in France. 
D)  Catholics began to massacre Protestants throughout France, forcing Louis XIV to imprison all Protestants to keep the peace.

Question 13

The Tories and the Whigs invited the Dutch ruler William of Orange and his wife, James II's daughter Mary, to invade England in 1688 after

Accepted Answer

A)  Cromwell dissolved Parliament and adopted the title Lord Protector. 
B)  Cromwell declared war on the Dutch over the objections of Parliament. 
C)  James converted to Catholicism in exchange for French military aid. 
D)  James produced a male heir whom Parliament feared would be reared as a Catholic. 
A)  Cromwell dissolved Parliament and adopted the title Lord Protector. 
B)  Cromwell declared war on the Dutch over the objections of Parliament. 
C)  James converted to Catholicism in exchange for French military aid. 
D)  James produced a male heir whom Parliament feared would be reared as a Catholic.

Question 14

Why did Louis XIV place such immense importance on court ritual at the palace of Versailles?

Accepted Answer

A)  After his experience with the Fronde, he sought to domesticate the warrior nobles by replacing violence with court ritual. 
B)  He saw court ritual as a means of demonstrating that he had better manners than the other rulers in Europe and therefore deserved more political power. 
C)  He believed that court ritual was a means of attracting a beautiful wife from one of the other ruling families of Europe. 
D)  He had no real political ambition and saw the royal court at Versailles as his major sphere of influence in Europe. 
A)  After his experience with the Fronde, he sought to domesticate the warrior nobles by replacing violence with court ritual. 
B)  He saw court ritual as a means of demonstrating that he had better manners than the other rulers in Europe and therefore deserved more political power. 
C)  He believed that court ritual was a means of attracting a beautiful wife from one of the other ruling families of Europe. 
D)  He had no real political ambition and saw the royal court at Versailles as his major sphere of influence in Europe.

Question 15

Compare the English civil war and its aftermath to Louis XIV's persecution of the Jansenists and his revocation of the Edict of Nantes. To what extent were these conflicts actually about religious belief? Explain how religious questions could also become debates about the nature of sovereign power, obedience, and loyalty; draw examples from both England and France.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 16

Tsar Alexei of Russia's model of absolutism was marked by

Accepted Answer

A)  close regulation of the Orthodox church and the persecution of "Old Believers." 
B)  the adoption of a thoroughly secular constitution. 
C)  complete disinterest in military affairs and its desire to scale back the size of the Russian army. 
D)  insistence on a more democratic form of absolutism in which nobles participated directly in state decisions. 
A)  close regulation of the Orthodox church and the persecution of "Old Believers." 
B)  the adoption of a thoroughly secular constitution. 
C)  complete disinterest in military affairs and its desire to scale back the size of the Russian army. 
D)  insistence on a more democratic form of absolutism in which nobles participated directly in state decisions.

Question 17

Using the examples of Louis XIV of France, Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia, and Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, discuss the principles of European absolutism. How were these monarchies similar, and in what ways did they differ?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 18

According to this map, South American territories primarily exported which good to the Dutch Republic during the seventeenth century?
​
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Sugar 
B)  Cinnamon 
C)  Tobacco 
D)  Tea 
A)  Sugar 
B)  Cinnamon 
C)  Tobacco 
D)  Tea

Question 19

How did the absolutist monarchy of Frederick William of Hohenzollern differ from that of Louis XIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  While warfare and expansion were top priorities for Louis, Frederick William had no interest in military affairs. 
B)  In addition to focusing more on arts and culture, Frederick William had less interest in consolidating the state bureaucracy and centralizing state power than Louis. 
C)  Frederick William allowed his nobles more independence than Louis, and he rebuffed the ostentation of the French court, welcoming Huguenot refugees from France. 
D)  While Louis promoted himself as the Sun King, Frederick William modeled his reign after Ivan the Terrible. 
A)  While warfare and expansion were top priorities for Louis, Frederick William had no interest in military affairs. 
B)  In addition to focusing more on arts and culture, Frederick William had less interest in consolidating the state bureaucracy and centralizing state power than Louis. 
C)  Frederick William allowed his nobles more independence than Louis, and he rebuffed the ostentation of the French court, welcoming Huguenot refugees from France. 
D)  While Louis promoted himself as the Sun King, Frederick William modeled his reign after Ivan the Terrible.

Question 20

What does Molière's play The Middle-Class Gentleman (1670) reveal about seventeenth-century manners?

Accepted Answer

A)  That middle-class upstarts had no interest in aristocratic manners 
B)  That the aristocracy's refined manners were grotesque and elitist 
C)  That the aristocracy had begun to treat the middle classes with more respect 
D)  That the middle classes were imitating the aristocracy's manners and tastes 
A)  That middle-class upstarts had no interest in aristocratic manners 
B)  That the aristocracy's refined manners were grotesque and elitist 
C)  That the aristocracy had begun to treat the middle classes with more respect 
D)  That the middle classes were imitating the aristocracy's manners and tastes

Exam 16: Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz marked the beginning of the decline of what empire?

What was the Fronde, what were its goals, why was it unsuccessful, and what were its consequences?

What did Frederick William of Hohenzollern give his nobles in Brandenburg-Prussia in exchange for allowing him to collect taxes in their provinces?

What institution did Frederick William of Hohenzollern expand dramatically in Brandenburg-Prussia?

What was the doctrine of divine right as expressed by Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, and how did it fit in with Louis XIV's political goals?

What was the role of the arts in Louis XIV's regime?

What was one of Louis XIV's first goals when he assumed direct control as king of France?

Which of the following did Louis XIV employ as a counter to the parlements, provincial estates, aristocratic governors, and hereditary officials, many of whom had purchased their offices?

Which region did Louis XIV acquire following the Treaty of Rijswijk in 1697? ​ ​ ​

Why did Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan (1651) enrage both royalists and supporters of Parliament?

In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the poor were no longer perceived as deserving of charity but as

What were the consequences of Louis XIV's revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685?

The Tories and the Whigs invited the Dutch ruler William of Orange and his wife, James II's daughter Mary, to invade England in 1688 after

Why did Louis XIV place such immense importance on court ritual at the palace of Versailles?

Tsar Alexei of Russia's model of absolutism was marked by

Using the examples of Louis XIV of France, Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia, and Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, discuss the principles of European absolutism. How were these monarchies similar, and in what ways did they differ?

According to this map, South American territories primarily exported which good to the Dutch Republic during the seventeenth century? ​ ​ ​

How did the absolutist monarchy of Frederick William of Hohenzollern differ from that of Louis XIV?

What does Molière's play The Middle-Class Gentleman (1670) reveal about seventeenth-century manners?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

Filters

Which region did Louis XIV acquire following the Treaty of Rijswijk in 1697?

According to this map, South American territories primarily exported which good to the Dutch Republic during the seventeenth century?