Question 1

What was the Brezhnev Doctrine, which the Soviets announced in November 1968?

Accepted Answer

A)  An opening of trade and diplomatic ties with the West, designed to be a complement to Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik 
B)  A secret buildup of Soviet nuclear arms in response to American military actions in Vietnam and West Germany 
C)  A reform movement in the Soviet bloc that allowed basic freedom of speech and several other freedoms in all of the Soviet satellites 
D)  A policy that stated that all Soviet-bloc reform movements would face swift repression 
A)  An opening of trade and diplomatic ties with the West, designed to be a complement to Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik 
B)  A secret buildup of Soviet nuclear arms in response to American military actions in Vietnam and West Germany 
C)  A reform movement in the Soviet bloc that allowed basic freedom of speech and several other freedoms in all of the Soviet satellites 
D)  A policy that stated that all Soviet-bloc reform movements would face swift repression D

Question 2

What new style in the visual arts featured images from everyday life and employed the glossy techniques and products of mass advertising?

Accepted Answer

A)  New realism 
B)  Situationism 
C)  Pop art 
D)  Abstract expressionism 
A)  New realism 
B)  Situationism 
C)  Pop art 
D)  Abstract expressionism C

Question 3

What is stagflation, and what role did the Middle East play in its development in the West during the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the following. Stagflation is the economic situation that occurs when prices and unemployment rise while commercial activity declines. In the 1970s, the United States supported Israel during its conflict with Egypt and Syria. When the Arab countries in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) lost, they retaliated by cutting off oil to the United States and its allies and quadrupling the price of oil to the rest of the world. By cutting back production and increasing prices dramatically, OPEC increased costs for a wide variety of businesses, leading to much higher unemployment throughout the West. The inflation rate rose, in some countries to as much as 20 percent, and a period of stagflation occurred in the West as a result.

Question 4

Which of the following was one of the most famous postwar practitioners of pop art?

Accepted Answer

A)  Claes Oldenburg 
B)  John Cage 
C)  Sigmar Polke 
D)  Andy Warhol 
A)  Claes Oldenburg 
B)  John Cage 
C)  Sigmar Polke 
D)  Andy Warhol

Question 5

Which of the following was one of the major changes in religious life in western Europe?

Accepted Answer

A)  A tremendous increase in religious observance, as shown by the numbers of people who regularly attended church 
B)  A dramatic drop in the levels of anti-Semitism as a result of guilt over the Holocaust 
C)  A strengthening of the Catholic church's influence over European governments 
D)  A rise in the number of non-Christian and non-Jewish places of worship, such as mosques, Buddhist temples, and other shrines 
A)  A tremendous increase in religious observance, as shown by the numbers of people who regularly attended church 
B)  A dramatic drop in the levels of anti-Semitism as a result of guilt over the Holocaust 
C)  A strengthening of the Catholic church's influence over European governments 
D)  A rise in the number of non-Christian and non-Jewish places of worship, such as mosques, Buddhist temples, and other shrines

Question 6

What prompted the Western media to announce the arrival of a "sexual revolution"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Betty Friedan's founding of the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966 
B)  Greater openness about sexuality in postindustrial society, especially within youth culture 
C)  The creation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which worked to fight job discrimination based on gender or sexual orientation 
D)  The enormous decline in the marriage rate in western Europe, which fell nearly 30 percent in the decades after the baby boom 
A)  Betty Friedan's founding of the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966 
B)  Greater openness about sexuality in postindustrial society, especially within youth culture 
C)  The creation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which worked to fight job discrimination based on gender or sexual orientation 
D)  The enormous decline in the marriage rate in western Europe, which fell nearly 30 percent in the decades after the baby boom

Question 7

What was the nature of youth culture in this era, and what was the generation gap?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 8

Margaret Thatcher's economic policies, which were based on monetarist, or supply-side, economic theory, came to be known as

Accepted Answer

A)  neosocialism. 
B)  compassionate conservatism. 
C)  neoliberalism. 
D)  libertarianism. 
A)  neosocialism. 
B)  compassionate conservatism. 
C)  neoliberalism. 
D)  libertarianism.

Question 9

Consider how technology affected the development of the postindustrial economy. What specific technologies were most influential, and how did they change life for workers?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 10

According to this map, which of the following countries most likely supported the communist takeover of Vietnam?
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Thailand 
B)  China 
C)  Cambodia 
D)  Burma 
A)  Thailand 
B)  China 
C)  Cambodia 
D)  Burma

Question 11

What medical advance of the 1960s that was first marketed in the United States revolutionized sexual behavior in the industrialized West?

Accepted Answer

A)  In vitro fertilization 
B)  The birth-control pill 
C)  The herpes vaccine 
D)  The latex condom 
A)  In vitro fertilization 
B)  The birth-control pill 
C)  The herpes vaccine 
D)  The latex condom

Question 12

In the 1975 Helsinki accords, Western countries agreed to officially recognize Soviet territorial acquisitions in World War II in exchange for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  An end to the Soviet Union's support of Communists fighting in Africa 
B)  Greater cultural and scientific exchange between the West and eastern-bloc countries 
C)  The Soviet Union's participation in arms reduction 
D)  The Soviet bloc's guarantee of basic human rights 
A)  An end to the Soviet Union's support of Communists fighting in Africa 
B)  Greater cultural and scientific exchange between the West and eastern-bloc countries 
C)  The Soviet Union's participation in arms reduction 
D)  The Soviet bloc's guarantee of basic human rights

Question 13

Compare the ways in which religion and religious practices changed in Europe and in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 14

Which event symbolized for the world the fall of Soviet Communism in 1989?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first free elections in the Soviet Union since 1917 
B)  The resignation of the Communist leadership in Czechoslovakia and the elevation of Czech playwright Václav Havel to the presidency 
C)  When East and West German citizens tore down the Berlin Wall with sledgehammers in November 1989 
D)  The execution of Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceauşescu on Christmas Day 
A)  The first free elections in the Soviet Union since 1917 
B)  The resignation of the Communist leadership in Czechoslovakia and the elevation of Czech playwright Václav Havel to the presidency 
C)  When East and West German citizens tore down the Berlin Wall with sledgehammers in November 1989 
D)  The execution of Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceauşescu on Christmas Day

Question 15

In 1978, Louise Brown, the first "test-tube baby," was born in Britain after being conceived through what complex process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Surrogacy 
B)  Womb transplantation 
C)  Cloning 
D)  In vitro fertilization 
A)  Surrogacy 
B)  Womb transplantation 
C)  Cloning 
D)  In vitro fertilization

Question 16

The wave of terrorism that hit Europe and the Middle East in the 1970s

Accepted Answer

A)  was mainly the result of Soviet funding of guerrilla movements in Europe's former colonies. 
B)  emerged after the CIA began funneling money and weapons to anti-Communist movements in eastern Europe and central Asia. 
C)  began in the West, as young people in Europe responded to the suppression of activism and poor economic conditions with kidnappings, bank robberies, bombings, and assassinations. 
D)  was condoned by Western governments, and often supported by U.S. intelligence forces, because it was mainly directed at leftists and Communist leaders. 
A)  was mainly the result of Soviet funding of guerrilla movements in Europe's former colonies. 
B)  emerged after the CIA began funneling money and weapons to anti-Communist movements in eastern Europe and central Asia. 
C)  began in the West, as young people in Europe responded to the suppression of activism and poor economic conditions with kidnappings, bank robberies, bombings, and assassinations. 
D)  was condoned by Western governments, and often supported by U.S. intelligence forces, because it was mainly directed at leftists and Communist leaders.

Question 17

Why did the Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) impose an oil embargo on the United States and its allies in the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were frustrated that Western nations were turning to nuclear energy instead of maintaining their reliance on Middle Eastern oil. 
B)  They were attempting to gain support from the USSR, which the Middle East judged to be in a position of power in the early 1970s. 
C)  They were angry that the United States had offered support to Israel in its conflicts with Egypt, Syria, and Jordan during the 1960s and 1970s. 
D)  They wanted to punish the United States for refusing to trade fairly with non-Western nations. 
A)  They were frustrated that Western nations were turning to nuclear energy instead of maintaining their reliance on Middle Eastern oil. 
B)  They were attempting to gain support from the USSR, which the Middle East judged to be in a position of power in the early 1970s. 
C)  They were angry that the United States had offered support to Israel in its conflicts with Egypt, Syria, and Jordan during the 1960s and 1970s. 
D)  They wanted to punish the United States for refusing to trade fairly with non-Western nations.

Question 18

Musical innovations in the 1960s and 1970s included

Accepted Answer

A)  a focus on minimalism, adding sounds made by striking ordinary objects, and the use of repetition, sustained notes, and silence. 
B)  a return to the idea of musical romanticism and the rediscovery of the great romantic composers, such as Beethoven. 
C)  an emphasis on lush orchestration, with many layers of instrumentation filling as much "sound space" as possible. 
D)  an elimination of all nonvocal sounds because they were thought to be unnatural. 
A)  a focus on minimalism, adding sounds made by striking ordinary objects, and the use of repetition, sustained notes, and silence. 
B)  a return to the idea of musical romanticism and the rediscovery of the great romantic composers, such as Beethoven. 
C)  an emphasis on lush orchestration, with many layers of instrumentation filling as much "sound space" as possible. 
D)  an elimination of all nonvocal sounds because they were thought to be unnatural.

Question 19

How did medical technology and research change contraception, conception, and childbirth in the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 20

Which Western leader, in power between 1979 and 1990, did more than anyone else to reshape the West's political and economic ideas by demolishing the welfare state and supporting business leaders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Helmut Kohl 
B)  Mikhail Gorbachev 
C)  Margaret Thatcher 
D)  Ronald Reagan 
A)  Helmut Kohl 
B)  Mikhail Gorbachev 
C)  Margaret Thatcher 
D)  Ronald Reagan

Exam 28: Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

What was the Brezhnev Doctrine, which the Soviets announced in November 1968?

What new style in the visual arts featured images from everyday life and employed the glossy techniques and products of mass advertising?

What is stagflation, and what role did the Middle East play in its development in the West during the 1970s?

Which of the following was one of the most famous postwar practitioners of pop art?

Which of the following was one of the major changes in religious life in western Europe?

What prompted the Western media to announce the arrival of a "sexual revolution"?

What was the nature of youth culture in this era, and what was the generation gap?

Margaret Thatcher's economic policies, which were based on monetarist, or supply-side, economic theory, came to be known as

Consider how technology affected the development of the postindustrial economy. What specific technologies were most influential, and how did they change life for workers?

According to this map, which of the following countries most likely supported the communist takeover of Vietnam? ​ ​

What medical advance of the 1960s that was first marketed in the United States revolutionized sexual behavior in the industrialized West?

In the 1975 Helsinki accords, Western countries agreed to officially recognize Soviet territorial acquisitions in World War II in exchange for which of the following?

Compare the ways in which religion and religious practices changed in Europe and in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s.

Which event symbolized for the world the fall of Soviet Communism in 1989?

In 1978, Louise Brown, the first "test-tube baby," was born in Britain after being conceived through what complex process?

The wave of terrorism that hit Europe and the Middle East in the 1970s

Why did the Arab nations of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) impose an oil embargo on the United States and its allies in the 1970s?

Musical innovations in the 1960s and 1970s included

How did medical technology and research change contraception, conception, and childbirth in the 1970s?

Which Western leader, in power between 1979 and 1990, did more than anyone else to reshape the West's political and economic ideas by demolishing the welfare state and supporting business leaders?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

Filters

According to this map, which of the following countries most likely supported the communist takeover of Vietnam?