Question 1

How did the patron-client system benefit both parties as well as Roman society as a whole?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the following. A patron was a man of superior status who could offer financial and political assistance to persons of lower status, who became his clients. In return, these individuals owed him duties, which could range from supporting him in a political contest to loaning him money for his daughter's dowry. The patron-client relationship was a long-lasting, mutually beneficial one, and, although the patron-client system institutionalized the hierarchical nature of Roman society, it also encouraged social stability through its structure of intertwined obligations.

Question 2

The First Triumvirate of Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar formed in 60 B.C.E. when

Accepted Answer

A)  the three men joined forces for an assault on Egypt. 
B)  Spartacus's slave army threatened to overrun Rome. 
C)  the Senate's challenge to Pompey forced him into a coalition with his two greatest rivals. 
D)  the Senate recognized that the empire had grown too large for only two consuls. 
A)  the three men joined forces for an assault on Egypt. 
B)  Spartacus's slave army threatened to overrun Rome. 
C)  the Senate's challenge to Pompey forced him into a coalition with his two greatest rivals. 
D)  the Senate recognized that the empire had grown too large for only two consuls. C

Question 3

In which ways did Cornelia, mother of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, personify the Roman ideal of female virtue?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the following. Cornelia was the wife of a distinguished Roman citizen. She bore twelve children, of whom only three survived. She devoted herself to raising her children and teaching them Roman values, as well as overseeing and managing her husband's property. Her devotion to her family was such that after her husband died and the king of Egypt proposed to her, she refused him so that she could continue to manage the family estate and educate her children. Although Cornelia also became famous for her intellectual gifts, as demonstrated in her letters, she exemplified the virtuous Roman matron who put raising good citizens and providing for her family before her own social advancement.

Question 4

Which statement most accurately describes the complex Roman legal system during the republic?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was led by a supreme court that served as the ultimate arbiter on questions of law. 
B)  It evolved in response to protracted conflicts over power. 
C)  It changed significantly in the second century B.C.E. when state-appointed judges replaced juries in determining guilt and innocence in criminal trials. 
D)  Its power was derived from the emperors, who presided over all major trials. 
A)  It was led by a supreme court that served as the ultimate arbiter on questions of law. 
B)  It evolved in response to protracted conflicts over power. 
C)  It changed significantly in the second century B.C.E. when state-appointed judges replaced juries in determining guilt and innocence in criminal trials. 
D)  Its power was derived from the emperors, who presided over all major trials.

Question 5

Although Julius Caesar had won the civil war by 45 B.C.E. and appointed himself dictator, he preserved the appearance of traditional republican offices and elections

Accepted Answer

A)  as a safeguard against the recurrence of civil war after his death. 
B)  because he always intended to restore faithful adherence to Roman traditions. 
C)  to dispel the fears of the Roman public that he would remain dictator for life. 
D)  in order to make his rule palatable by maintaining the forms of the Roman republic. 
A)  as a safeguard against the recurrence of civil war after his death. 
B)  because he always intended to restore faithful adherence to Roman traditions. 
C)  to dispel the fears of the Roman public that he would remain dictator for life. 
D)  in order to make his rule palatable by maintaining the forms of the Roman republic.

Question 6

The tale of the rape of Lucretia reflects which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The author's disgust with the decline in Roman morals following the Punic Wars 
B)  The Romans' tradition of incorporating local tribes into their dominions as citizens 
C)  The belief that this outrage led the morally virtuous Romans to overthrow the monarchy and establish a republican government 
D)  One of the major issues in the struggle of the orders, which was the fact that patricians were permitted to mistreat any plebeian, including virtuous matrons such as Lucretia 
A)  The author's disgust with the decline in Roman morals following the Punic Wars 
B)  The Romans' tradition of incorporating local tribes into their dominions as citizens 
C)  The belief that this outrage led the morally virtuous Romans to overthrow the monarchy and establish a republican government 
D)  One of the major issues in the struggle of the orders, which was the fact that patricians were permitted to mistreat any plebeian, including virtuous matrons such as Lucretia

Question 7

What enraged the Roman consul Sulla just before his campaign against King Mithridates VI in Asia Minor?

Accepted Answer

A)  His archrival Marius arranged a plebiscite that transferred the command of the campaign to himself. 
B)  The Senate denied him the extra troops and money he thought necessary to wage a successful campaign against Mithridates. 
C)  The priests of Jupiter declared that the omens were unfavorable and forbade Sulla to depart. 
D)  The other consul, Marius, was put in charge of a more important and potentially more lucrative campaign in Gaul. 
A)  His archrival Marius arranged a plebiscite that transferred the command of the campaign to himself. 
B)  The Senate denied him the extra troops and money he thought necessary to wage a successful campaign against Mithridates. 
C)  The priests of Jupiter declared that the omens were unfavorable and forbade Sulla to depart. 
D)  The other consul, Marius, was put in charge of a more important and potentially more lucrative campaign in Gaul.

Question 8

What institution of the early Roman republic was based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations?

Accepted Answer

A)  The office of tribune 
B)  The Centuriate Assembly 
C)  Co-consulship 
D)  The patron-client system 
A)  The office of tribune 
B)  The Centuriate Assembly 
C)  Co-consulship 
D)  The patron-client system

Question 9

How did the status of wealthy Roman women differ from that of most Greek women in the Classical Age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Roman women had a slightly higher status, since they not only managed their households but also were able to play an indirect but important role in politics. 
B)  Roman women enjoyed a higher social status and were even allowed to work as actresses and musicians in public settings. 
C)  Roman women suffered a lower status, since they generally were not allowed to buy, sell, or inherit property. 
D)  There was little or no difference; in neither society were women permitted to control the household or to serve in public life. 
A)  Roman women had a slightly higher status, since they not only managed their households but also were able to play an indirect but important role in politics. 
B)  Roman women enjoyed a higher social status and were even allowed to work as actresses and musicians in public settings. 
C)  Roman women suffered a lower status, since they generally were not allowed to buy, sell, or inherit property. 
D)  There was little or no difference; in neither society were women permitted to control the household or to serve in public life.

Question 10

In mid-second century B.C.E., Cato wrote The Origins, which was

Accepted Answer

A)  a religious epic about the creation of the world and the origins of the gods. 
B)  a political attack on the Senate for betraying republican ideals. 
C)  the first history of Rome written in Latin. 
D)  a defense of his family's rise to political power through hard work and public service. 
A)  a religious epic about the creation of the world and the origins of the gods. 
B)  a political attack on the Senate for betraying republican ideals. 
C)  the first history of Rome written in Latin. 
D)  a defense of his family's rise to political power through hard work and public service.

Question 11

Discuss the cultural relationship between Greece and Rome after Greece became a Roman province. Explain the Hellenization of Roman culture. Did Greek culture affect Roman literature and the arts?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 12

Which of the following was a Roman client state by 44 B.C.E.?
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Germania 
B)  Mesopotamia 
C)  Britain 
D)  Mauretania 
A)  Germania 
B)  Mesopotamia 
C)  Britain 
D)  Mauretania

Question 13

The Roman Senate was originally created as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  elected body that could veto any measures proposed by the executive branch. 
B)  group of twenty-five men whose purpose was to advise the assemblies. 
C)  council of distinguished men whose purpose was to advise and consult with the king. 
D)  group of ten men constituted to negotiate the assimilation of the Sabines into the Roman community. 
A)  elected body that could veto any measures proposed by the executive branch. 
B)  group of twenty-five men whose purpose was to advise the assemblies. 
C)  council of distinguished men whose purpose was to advise and consult with the king. 
D)  group of ten men constituted to negotiate the assimilation of the Sabines into the Roman community.

Question 14

How did the office of tribune differ from most other political offices?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was established to serve and protect the plebeian order, not all of society. 
B)  Former slaves who had served in the military could stand for election as tribunes. 
C)  It was the only official position in the Roman republic that had been retained from the era of the Roman monarchy. 
D)  Senators were eligible to be elected to the post. 
A)  It was established to serve and protect the plebeian order, not all of society. 
B)  Former slaves who had served in the military could stand for election as tribunes. 
C)  It was the only official position in the Roman republic that had been retained from the era of the Roman monarchy. 
D)  Senators were eligible to be elected to the post.

Question 15

The Romans were a culture that borrowed heavily from the Greeks and the Etruscans. What specific cultural modalities did Romans borrow from each civilization? What did they eschew from these groups?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 16

What did Roman citizens believe they would receive in return for their honor of the gods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immense wealth 
B)  Divine support 
C)  Material gains 
D)  Absolute freedom 
A)  Immense wealth 
B)  Divine support 
C)  Material gains 
D)  Absolute freedom

Question 17

What customs and practices did the Romans adopt from the Etruscans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Political models, including democracy and oligarchy 
B)  Deities, including Jupiter and Mars 
C)  Ceremonial features, including musical instruments and religious rituals 
D)  Architectural styles and models of poetry 
A)  Political models, including democracy and oligarchy 
B)  Deities, including Jupiter and Mars 
C)  Ceremonial features, including musical instruments and religious rituals 
D)  Architectural styles and models of poetry

Question 18

Why did the Romans occasionally seek the help of foreign deities?

Accepted Answer

A)  They hoped to win the hearts of future trading partners who lived abroad. 
B)  They believed that turning to foreign gods would make it easier to conquer new territories. 
C)  They had little other recourse in times of desperation and need. 
D)  They sought to forge new dynastic alliances by adopting foreign gods. 
A)  They hoped to win the hearts of future trading partners who lived abroad. 
B)  They believed that turning to foreign gods would make it easier to conquer new territories. 
C)  They had little other recourse in times of desperation and need. 
D)  They sought to forge new dynastic alliances by adopting foreign gods.

Question 19

According to this map, the security of Rome during the republic was largely based on which of the following?
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Walls surrounding the major structures of the city 
B)  Heavy artillery to defend against invaders 
C)  Geographical features that acted as natural obstacles 
D)  The establishment of temples on the outskirts of the city 
A)  Walls surrounding the major structures of the city 
B)  Heavy artillery to defend against invaders 
C)  Geographical features that acted as natural obstacles 
D)  The establishment of temples on the outskirts of the city

Question 20

What were Julius Caesar's policies as dictator, and did some of those policies need reforms? Why was Julius Caesar assassinated?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Exam 5: The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

How did the patron-client system benefit both parties as well as Roman society as a whole?

The First Triumvirate of Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar formed in 60 B.C.E. when

In which ways did Cornelia, mother of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, personify the Roman ideal of female virtue?

Which statement most accurately describes the complex Roman legal system during the republic?

Although Julius Caesar had won the civil war by 45 B.C.E. and appointed himself dictator, he preserved the appearance of traditional republican offices and elections

The tale of the rape of Lucretia reflects which of the following?

What enraged the Roman consul Sulla just before his campaign against King Mithridates VI in Asia Minor?

What institution of the early Roman republic was based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations?

How did the status of wealthy Roman women differ from that of most Greek women in the Classical Age?

In mid-second century B.C.E., Cato wrote The Origins, which was

Discuss the cultural relationship between Greece and Rome after Greece became a Roman province. Explain the Hellenization of Roman culture. Did Greek culture affect Roman literature and the arts?

Which of the following was a Roman client state by 44 B.C.E.? ​ ​

The Roman Senate was originally created as a(n)

How did the office of tribune differ from most other political offices?

The Romans were a culture that borrowed heavily from the Greeks and the Etruscans. What specific cultural modalities did Romans borrow from each civilization? What did they eschew from these groups?

What did Roman citizens believe they would receive in return for their honor of the gods?

What customs and practices did the Romans adopt from the Etruscans?

Why did the Romans occasionally seek the help of foreign deities?

According to this map, the security of Rome during the republic was largely based on which of the following? ​ ​

What were Julius Caesar's policies as dictator, and did some of those policies need reforms? Why was Julius Caesar assassinated?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

Filters

Which of the following was a Roman client state by 44 B.C.E.?

According to this map, the security of Rome during the republic was largely based on which of the following?