Question 1

The deputies of the Third Estate, one of the three estates that made up the Estates General, represented which segment of France's population?

Accepted Answer

A)  The clergy 
B)  The nobility 
C)  The military 
D)  Peasants and the urban middle and lower classes 
A)  The clergy 
B)  The nobility 
C)  The military 
D)  Peasants and the urban middle and lower classes D

Question 2

In what way did the French Revolution play a key role in the partitions of Poland in 1793 and 1795?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the following. French armies were marching eastward and setting up "sister republics" in the newly conquered territories. Fearing French influence, Prussia and Russia divided up slices of Poland in 1793. However, Poland's reform movement became even more pro-French. Some Polish leaders, including Tadeusz Kościuszko (1746-1817), an officer who had been a foreign volunteer in the War of American Independence, escaped to Paris. Kościuszko later returned to Poland from France to lead a nationalist revolt. Kościuszko won a few victories, but when the Russian empress Catherine the Great's forces regrouped, they routed the Poles and Lithuanians. Kościuszko and other Polish Patriot leaders languished for years in Russian and Austrian prisons. Taking no further chances, Russia, Prussia, and Austria wiped Poland completely from the map in the third partition of Poland in 1795.

Question 3

How did the National Assembly attempt to reform the Catholic church in France?

Accepted Answer

A)  They taxed the tithes that were paid to the Catholic church as well as church properties and forced clergymen to report grievances aired in confession. 
B)  Fearing the foreign influence of the Vatican, the Assembly established a national Catholic church that was subject only to French Catholic authorities. 
C)  They outlawed monastic vows, confiscated all the church's property, and set up a system in which priests and bishops were elected locally and paid by the state. 
D)  They rewrote the Catholic liturgy to reflect the new republican values and took control of the Catholic school curriculum. 
A)  They taxed the tithes that were paid to the Catholic church as well as church properties and forced clergymen to report grievances aired in confession. 
B)  Fearing the foreign influence of the Vatican, the Assembly established a national Catholic church that was subject only to French Catholic authorities. 
C)  They outlawed monastic vows, confiscated all the church's property, and set up a system in which priests and bishops were elected locally and paid by the state. 
D)  They rewrote the Catholic liturgy to reflect the new republican values and took control of the Catholic school curriculum. C

Question 4

The change that this map depicts to France's geography exemplifies the
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  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  expansion that occurred as a result of the French revolutionary wars. 
B)  permanent administrative changes occasioned by the French Revolution. 
C)  King Louis XVI's reforms designed (unsuccessfully) to avert revolution. 
D)  massive irrigation projects carried out under Maximilien Robespierre. 
A)  expansion that occurred as a result of the French revolutionary wars. 
B)  permanent administrative changes occasioned by the French Revolution. 
C)  King Louis XVI's reforms designed (unsuccessfully) to avert revolution. 
D)  massive irrigation projects carried out under Maximilien Robespierre.

Question 5

Republican festivals sponsored by the Committee of Public Safety were designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  raise funds for the war effort by inspiring people to give money to save the republic. 
B)  show other Europeans that stories about the Terror in France were greatly exaggerated. 
C)  destroy the mystique of the monarchy and make the republic sacred through symbolism. 
D)  gain the support of the army through the observance of holidays celebrating soldiers as "the heroes of the republic." 
A)  raise funds for the war effort by inspiring people to give money to save the republic. 
B)  show other Europeans that stories about the Terror in France were greatly exaggerated. 
C)  destroy the mystique of the monarchy and make the republic sacred through symbolism. 
D)  gain the support of the army through the observance of holidays celebrating soldiers as "the heroes of the republic."

Question 6

How did French political leaders attempt to restore authority over slaves in St. Domingue in the wake of the slaves' 1791 revolt?

Accepted Answer

A)  They gave white planters the authority to use any means necessary to capture the rebellion's leaders. 
B)  They sent a ship of National Guard units from France to quell the revolt and restore order. 
C)  They granted civil and political rights to the free blacks. 
D)  They abolished slavery in all French colonies. 
A)  They gave white planters the authority to use any means necessary to capture the rebellion's leaders. 
B)  They sent a ship of National Guard units from France to quell the revolt and restore order. 
C)  They granted civil and political rights to the free blacks. 
D)  They abolished slavery in all French colonies.

Question 7

Who were the sans-culottes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Representatives of the nobility named for the style of knee breeches they wore to distinguish their social class 
B)  Members of the urban working classes who wore long trousers rather than the knee breeches of the upper classes 
C)  Members of a middle-class political club who organized meetings in support of the National Assembly 
D)  Counterrevolutionary militias that organized to support the French king with backing from the British government 
A)  Representatives of the nobility named for the style of knee breeches they wore to distinguish their social class 
B)  Members of the urban working classes who wore long trousers rather than the knee breeches of the upper classes 
C)  Members of a middle-class political club who organized meetings in support of the National Assembly 
D)  Counterrevolutionary militias that organized to support the French king with backing from the British government

Question 8

How did the National Convention "revolutionize" space and time?

Accepted Answer

A)  It outlawed church bells and clocks that were not emblazoned with the revolutionary motto. 
B)  It introduced a new calendar and metric system based on reason and revolutionary principles. 
C)  It renamed major cities in France after revolutionary figures and introduced more rational daily schedules for various professions such as farmers or lawyers. 
D)  It encouraged every French citizen to participate in daily rituals and revolutionary ceremonies that were designed to instill rational order and revolutionary fervor. 
A)  It outlawed church bells and clocks that were not emblazoned with the revolutionary motto. 
B)  It introduced a new calendar and metric system based on reason and revolutionary principles. 
C)  It renamed major cities in France after revolutionary figures and introduced more rational daily schedules for various professions such as farmers or lawyers. 
D)  It encouraged every French citizen to participate in daily rituals and revolutionary ceremonies that were designed to instill rational order and revolutionary fervor.

Question 9

What did the deputies to the National Assembly declare in the "tennis court oath" of June 20, 1789?

Accepted Answer

A)  That the Third Estate represented the interests of the entire French nation 
B)  That the monarchy was no longer valid in France 
C)  That they would not disband until they had given France a binding constitution 
D)  That they would sweep away the last vestiges of feudal privilege 
A)  That the Third Estate represented the interests of the entire French nation 
B)  That the monarchy was no longer valid in France 
C)  That they would not disband until they had given France a binding constitution 
D)  That they would sweep away the last vestiges of feudal privilege

Question 10

How was France seen internationally on the eve of the French Revolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most believed that France was a weakening state. 
B)  Most believed that France was gradually maturing into a democracy. 
C)  Most believed that recent defeats made France likely to adopt the British constitutional system. 
D)  Most thought that France had restored her prestige by supporting the winning side in the American Revolution. 
A)  Most believed that France was a weakening state. 
B)  Most believed that France was gradually maturing into a democracy. 
C)  Most believed that recent defeats made France likely to adopt the British constitutional system. 
D)  Most thought that France had restored her prestige by supporting the winning side in the American Revolution.

Question 11

What issue deadlocked the Estates General in the spring of 1789, and why was this issue crucial to reform?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 12

The most successful antirepublican and counterrevolutionary revolt took place in which French region?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Vendée 
B)  The Basses-Pyrénées 
C)  Seine-et-Marne 
D)  The Gironde 
A)  The Vendée 
B)  The Basses-Pyrénées 
C)  Seine-et-Marne 
D)  The Gironde

Question 13

Which of the following was the first region to be annexed by France during the 1790s?
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​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Savoy 
B)  The Papal Territories 
C)  Nice 
D)  The Austrian Netherlands 
A)  Savoy 
B)  The Papal Territories 
C)  Nice 
D)  The Austrian Netherlands

Question 14

How did events in other European countries influence the outbreak of the French Revolution, and how did French wars with other European countries help determine the course of the Revolution?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 15

What impact did the July 14, 1789 fall of the Bastille have on the political landscape of France?

Accepted Answer

A)  It convinced Louis XVI that he had to retake control of the country, so he sent the military out to quell the uprising. 
B)  It demonstrated that the common people were willing to intervene violently, and it set off further revolts throughout France, which caused the king's government to crumble. 
C)  It frightened many of those in the city of Paris who had originally supported the revolution, shifting the momentum into the countryside. 
D)  It convinced the National Assembly that the working classes should not be allowed to vote or participate directly in politics, as they were too violent and unpredictable. 
A)  It convinced Louis XVI that he had to retake control of the country, so he sent the military out to quell the uprising. 
B)  It demonstrated that the common people were willing to intervene violently, and it set off further revolts throughout France, which caused the king's government to crumble. 
C)  It frightened many of those in the city of Paris who had originally supported the revolution, shifting the momentum into the countryside. 
D)  It convinced the National Assembly that the working classes should not be allowed to vote or participate directly in politics, as they were too violent and unpredictable.

Question 16

How did the National Assembly respond to growing peasant unrest in the countryside in the summer of 1789?

Accepted Answer

A)  Noble deputies offered to give up their traditional rights and privileges, which allowed the National Assembly to declare that the "feudal regime" had ended. 
B)  They organized National Guard units to suppress the peasant uprisings and restore order so that they could go back to the work of building a government. 
C)  They organized a system to send emergency supplies of food to regions hit by the massive food shortages in an attempt to appease peasant grievances. 
D)  They instituted a national draft to bring peasants under the control of the military and utilize their energy for the good of the nation. 
A)  Noble deputies offered to give up their traditional rights and privileges, which allowed the National Assembly to declare that the "feudal regime" had ended. 
B)  They organized National Guard units to suppress the peasant uprisings and restore order so that they could go back to the work of building a government. 
C)  They organized a system to send emergency supplies of food to regions hit by the massive food shortages in an attempt to appease peasant grievances. 
D)  They instituted a national draft to bring peasants under the control of the military and utilize their energy for the good of the nation.

Question 17

Describe the basic similarities and differences between the Dutch and Belgian revolts of the late 1780s.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 18

How was the French revolution distinct from other Atlantic revolutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  It focused on the principle of liberty. 
B)  It was more violent and lasted longer. 
C)  It mobilized large numbers of ordinary people. 
D)  It focused on the liberation of slaves, especially those in French colonies. 
A)  It focused on the principle of liberty. 
B)  It was more violent and lasted longer. 
C)  It mobilized large numbers of ordinary people. 
D)  It focused on the liberation of slaves, especially those in French colonies.

Question 19

How did most European elites react to the French Revolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  They saw the abolition of monarchy and the institution of a republic as the realization of Enlightenment principles and a model to be followed throughout Europe. 
B)  Although many were originally in favor of the Revolution's aims, especially the establishment of a republic, the events of the Terror made them wary of the revolutionary model. 
C)  They admired the Enlightenment ideals of the Revolution but distrusted the populist emphasis on universal suffrage and equality. 
D)  They were alarmed and even enraged by the abolition of monarchy and nobility and the encouragement of popular participation in politics. 
A)  They saw the abolition of monarchy and the institution of a republic as the realization of Enlightenment principles and a model to be followed throughout Europe. 
B)  Although many were originally in favor of the Revolution's aims, especially the establishment of a republic, the events of the Terror made them wary of the revolutionary model. 
C)  They admired the Enlightenment ideals of the Revolution but distrusted the populist emphasis on universal suffrage and equality. 
D)  They were alarmed and even enraged by the abolition of monarchy and nobility and the encouragement of popular participation in politics.

Question 20

Describe how and why the Terror developed as it did. What groups did it target, and how did this change over time? Was the Terror a natural outcome of revolutionary dynamics, or did it represent a betrayal of revolutionary principles?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Exam 19: The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

The deputies of the Third Estate, one of the three estates that made up the Estates General, represented which segment of France's population?

In what way did the French Revolution play a key role in the partitions of Poland in 1793 and 1795?

How did the National Assembly attempt to reform the Catholic church in France?

The change that this map depicts to France's geography exemplifies the ​ ​ ​

Republican festivals sponsored by the Committee of Public Safety were designed to

How did French political leaders attempt to restore authority over slaves in St. Domingue in the wake of the slaves' 1791 revolt?

Who were the sans-culottes?

How did the National Convention "revolutionize" space and time?

What did the deputies to the National Assembly declare in the "tennis court oath" of June 20, 1789?

How was France seen internationally on the eve of the French Revolution?

What issue deadlocked the Estates General in the spring of 1789, and why was this issue crucial to reform?

The most successful antirepublican and counterrevolutionary revolt took place in which French region?

Which of the following was the first region to be annexed by France during the 1790s? ​ ​ ​

How did events in other European countries influence the outbreak of the French Revolution, and how did French wars with other European countries help determine the course of the Revolution?

What impact did the July 14, 1789 fall of the Bastille have on the political landscape of France?

How did the National Assembly respond to growing peasant unrest in the countryside in the summer of 1789?

Describe the basic similarities and differences between the Dutch and Belgian revolts of the late 1780s.

How was the French revolution distinct from other Atlantic revolutions?

How did most European elites react to the French Revolution?

Describe how and why the Terror developed as it did. What groups did it target, and how did this change over time? Was the Terror a natural outcome of revolutionary dynamics, or did it represent a betrayal of revolutionary principles?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

Filters

The change that this map depicts to France's geography exemplifies the

Which of the following was the first region to be annexed by France during the 1790s?