Question 1

In general, why did large numbers of emigrants depart from rural Ireland and Scandinavia?

Accepted Answer

A)  The population was expanding so rapidly that these countries did not have enough jobs at which to employ the growing labor pool. 
B)  Because none of these countries was an independent, democratic state, people left to find more freedom. 
C)  American entrepreneurs who needed workers targeted these people and gave them large signing bonuses to emigrate. 
D)  These three areas lagged behind the rest of Europe in unionization and workers' rights. 
A)  The population was expanding so rapidly that these countries did not have enough jobs at which to employ the growing labor pool. 
B)  Because none of these countries was an independent, democratic state, people left to find more freedom. 
C)  American entrepreneurs who needed workers targeted these people and gave them large signing bonuses to emigrate. 
D)  These three areas lagged behind the rest of Europe in unionization and workers' rights.

Question 2

The establishment of maternal and child health centers and clinics was the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  upper-class Christian women looking for an acceptable outlet for social activism. 
B)  the concern that the working classes would let their diseases go untreated and cause epidemics that would infect the upper classes. 
C)  the belief that working women had become "defeminized" by entering the public sphere and therefore needed instruction in caring for infants and children. 
D)  the Social Darwinist belief that such institutions would help the European "races" remain the most "fit" in an increasingly competitive world. 
A)  upper-class Christian women looking for an acceptable outlet for social activism. 
B)  the concern that the working classes would let their diseases go untreated and cause epidemics that would infect the upper classes. 
C)  the belief that working women had become "defeminized" by entering the public sphere and therefore needed instruction in caring for infants and children. 
D)  the Social Darwinist belief that such institutions would help the European "races" remain the most "fit" in an increasingly competitive world.

Question 3

Why did increasingly fast-paced factory labor based on new technology create new problems for workers?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 4

Why did Kaiser William II dismiss Otto von Bismarck from the German government in 1890?

Accepted Answer

A)  He became convinced that Bismarck not only hindered his nationalistic plans but also might prove to be a rival for power. 
B)  By that time, Bismarck was so old that his governing style was becoming capricious and worrisome. 
C)  William II opposed Bismarck's ideas about German nationalism and imperial expansion in East Africa. 
D)  William II opposed Bismarck's idea of uniting all German-speaking peoples in Europe by annexing Austria. 
A)  He became convinced that Bismarck not only hindered his nationalistic plans but also might prove to be a rival for power. 
B)  By that time, Bismarck was so old that his governing style was becoming capricious and worrisome. 
C)  William II opposed Bismarck's ideas about German nationalism and imperial expansion in East Africa. 
D)  William II opposed Bismarck's idea of uniting all German-speaking peoples in Europe by annexing Austria.

Question 5

Based on this map, as Russia expanded its territory through 1900, it also
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  fortified its relationship with the Ottoman Empire. 
B)  decreased its industrial capacity. 
C)  expanded the lines of the Trans-Siberian Railroad. 
D)  established major cities in its eastern region. 
A)  fortified its relationship with the Ottoman Empire. 
B)  decreased its industrial capacity. 
C)  expanded the lines of the Trans-Siberian Railroad. 
D)  established major cities in its eastern region.

Question 6

What ideology helped enable the expansion of European imperialism by using racist ideas of European superiority to justify the conversion of trade with Africans into conquest of their lands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marxism 
B)  Ethnocentrism 
C)  Social Darwinism 
D)  Positivism 
A)  Marxism 
B)  Ethnocentrism 
C)  Social Darwinism 
D)  Positivism

Question 7

What resulted from the Berlin conferences of 1884 and 1885 that determined European control of Africa?

Accepted Answer

A)  A linear dissection of the continent that cut across indigenous boundaries of African ethnicities, a ban on the sale of alcohol, and limits on the flow of firearms to Africans 
B)  Britain and Germany taking control of huge amounts of territory while not allowing less powerful countries like France and Belgium to gain control of any important land 
C)  An agreement that dictated shared European responsibility for Africa, with Britain and France supplying civilian leaders and Germany and Russia supplying military forces 
D)  Further national feuding, as none of the nations could agree on territorial borders within Africa or how to resolve claims on places such as South Africa where multiple nations were involved 
A)  A linear dissection of the continent that cut across indigenous boundaries of African ethnicities, a ban on the sale of alcohol, and limits on the flow of firearms to Africans 
B)  Britain and Germany taking control of huge amounts of territory while not allowing less powerful countries like France and Belgium to gain control of any important land 
C)  An agreement that dictated shared European responsibility for Africa, with Britain and France supplying civilian leaders and Germany and Russia supplying military forces 
D)  Further national feuding, as none of the nations could agree on territorial borders within Africa or how to resolve claims on places such as South Africa where multiple nations were involved

Question 8

Which of the following factors was essential to the emergence of a "white-collar" service sector in the late 1800s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The decline in manufacturing, due to the economic recession of the early 1870s 
B)  Compulsory primary school education, which allowed workers to acquire literacy and mathematical skills they could use in offices 
C)  The growing importance of labor unions and the rebellion of factory workers against the harsh working conditions imposed on them 
D)  The emergence of the consumption economy, and especially the department store, as salesgirls were needed to attract shoppers 
A)  The decline in manufacturing, due to the economic recession of the early 1870s 
B)  Compulsory primary school education, which allowed workers to acquire literacy and mathematical skills they could use in offices 
C)  The growing importance of labor unions and the rebellion of factory workers against the harsh working conditions imposed on them 
D)  The emergence of the consumption economy, and especially the department store, as salesgirls were needed to attract shoppers

Question 9

How did the evolution of politics in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia differ from that of western European nations from 1870 through 1890? Explain how the political climate impacted each nation economically and culturally.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 10

How did nineteenth-century painters respond to the intense competition that arose from the development of the hugely popular camera?

Accepted Answer

A)  They began painting pictures as true to life as possible to keep up with the new desire for the realistic images that photographs could produce. 
B)  They no longer painted portraits or landscapes, since photographs took over those markets completely, and instead focused almost entirely on copying Old Masters. 
C)  They altered their style, employing new and varying techniques to distinguish their art from the photographic realism of the camera. 
D)  They sought new professions, as the market for painting dropped off entirely and art schools began to close across Europe. 
A)  They began painting pictures as true to life as possible to keep up with the new desire for the realistic images that photographs could produce. 
B)  They no longer painted portraits or landscapes, since photographs took over those markets completely, and instead focused almost entirely on copying Old Masters. 
C)  They altered their style, employing new and varying techniques to distinguish their art from the photographic realism of the camera. 
D)  They sought new professions, as the market for painting dropped off entirely and art schools began to close across Europe.

Question 11

Name four of the African commodities that were coveted by Europeans in 1880-1900, and explain the technologies that enabled Europeans to seize remote or dangerous territories that had these commodities.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 12

Irish politician Charles Stewart Parnell demanded British support for which controversial policy in return for Irish votes in Parliament?

Accepted Answer

A)  Woman suffrage 
B)  An end to the ban on slavery 
C)  Irish home rule 
D)  A universal eight-hour workday 
A)  Woman suffrage 
B)  An end to the ban on slavery 
C)  Irish home rule 
D)  A universal eight-hour workday

Question 13

Which of the following authors wrote a series of books that reflected his concerns about social decay?

Accepted Answer

A)  Henrik Ibsen 
B)  Émile Zola 
C)  Karl Marx 
D)  William Morris 
A)  Henrik Ibsen 
B)  Émile Zola 
C)  Karl Marx 
D)  William Morris

Question 14

Briefly describe how changes in the workplace provided jobs for educated women as well as how social changes increasingly allowed women to work outside the home.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 15

Briefly describe Japan's approach to modernization in terms of its economy and government.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 16

What major step did European governments take to raise investor confidence in the wake of the economic crisis of the 1870s?

Accepted Answer

A)  They established government banks to finance industry. 
B)  They issued government guarantees for private investments in heavy industry. 
C)  They promoted an increased military presence in overseas colonies. 
D)  They passed new laws to create the limited liability corporation. 
A)  They established government banks to finance industry. 
B)  They issued government guarantees for private investments in heavy industry. 
C)  They promoted an increased military presence in overseas colonies. 
D)  They passed new laws to create the limited liability corporation.

Question 17

Although cruelty abounded under imperialist rule, what European ruler was known for inflicting the worst atrocities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Austrian emperor Francis Joseph 
B)  French emperor Napoleon III 
C)  Belgian king Leopold II 
D)  German kaiser William I 
A)  Austrian emperor Francis Joseph 
B)  French emperor Napoleon III 
C)  Belgian king Leopold II 
D)  German kaiser William I

Question 18

Why was the Third Republic so unstable despite its new democratic institutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monarchist elements within society used the new mass journalism to undermine the authority of the legislature and of successive prime ministers. 
B)  Economic downturns, widespread corruption, and growing anti-Semitism, fueled by a highly partisan press, kept the republic on shaky ground. 
C)  After the Paris Commune, Marxism gained ground within France, and the working-class parties threatened France's political stability with constant strikes. 
D)  The Catholic church regained a loyal following and struck back against the Third Republic's secularizing policies. 
A)  Monarchist elements within society used the new mass journalism to undermine the authority of the legislature and of successive prime ministers. 
B)  Economic downturns, widespread corruption, and growing anti-Semitism, fueled by a highly partisan press, kept the republic on shaky ground. 
C)  After the Paris Commune, Marxism gained ground within France, and the working-class parties threatened France's political stability with constant strikes. 
D)  The Catholic church regained a loyal following and struck back against the Third Republic's secularizing policies.

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of how empire reshaped the daily lives of the European upper classes?

Accepted Answer

A)  European women began emulating African and Asian styles of dress, as clothing styles like saris and African-inspired headdresses became items of high fashion. 
B)  Europeans imported servants from overseas colonies in large numbers to lend a sense of exoticism to their homes. 
C)  Wealthy Europeans decorated their homes with trophies of big-game hunting expeditions in Africa and Asia, as well as imperial treasures like Oriental carpets, furniture, and exotic plants. 
D)  Europeans began sending their children to overseas colonies for their education to make them more cosmopolitan and well rounded. 
A)  European women began emulating African and Asian styles of dress, as clothing styles like saris and African-inspired headdresses became items of high fashion. 
B)  Europeans imported servants from overseas colonies in large numbers to lend a sense of exoticism to their homes. 
C)  Wealthy Europeans decorated their homes with trophies of big-game hunting expeditions in Africa and Asia, as well as imperial treasures like Oriental carpets, furniture, and exotic plants. 
D)  Europeans began sending their children to overseas colonies for their education to make them more cosmopolitan and well rounded.

Question 20

Why were the dramatic economic fluctuations that followed the crisis of 1873 different from the economic cycles before 1850, and how did governments attempt to deal with them?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Exam 23: Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

In general, why did large numbers of emigrants depart from rural Ireland and Scandinavia?

The establishment of maternal and child health centers and clinics was the result of

Why did increasingly fast-paced factory labor based on new technology create new problems for workers?

Why did Kaiser William II dismiss Otto von Bismarck from the German government in 1890?

Based on this map, as Russia expanded its territory through 1900, it also ​ ​

What ideology helped enable the expansion of European imperialism by using racist ideas of European superiority to justify the conversion of trade with Africans into conquest of their lands?

What resulted from the Berlin conferences of 1884 and 1885 that determined European control of Africa?

Which of the following factors was essential to the emergence of a "white-collar" service sector in the late 1800s?

How did the evolution of politics in Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia differ from that of western European nations from 1870 through 1890? Explain how the political climate impacted each nation economically and culturally.

How did nineteenth-century painters respond to the intense competition that arose from the development of the hugely popular camera?

Name four of the African commodities that were coveted by Europeans in 1880-1900, and explain the technologies that enabled Europeans to seize remote or dangerous territories that had these commodities.

Irish politician Charles Stewart Parnell demanded British support for which controversial policy in return for Irish votes in Parliament?

Which of the following authors wrote a series of books that reflected his concerns about social decay?

Briefly describe how changes in the workplace provided jobs for educated women as well as how social changes increasingly allowed women to work outside the home.

Briefly describe Japan's approach to modernization in terms of its economy and government.

What major step did European governments take to raise investor confidence in the wake of the economic crisis of the 1870s?

Although cruelty abounded under imperialist rule, what European ruler was known for inflicting the worst atrocities?

Why was the Third Republic so unstable despite its new democratic institutions?

Which of the following is an example of how empire reshaped the daily lives of the European upper classes?

Why were the dramatic economic fluctuations that followed the crisis of 1873 different from the economic cycles before 1850, and how did governments attempt to deal with them?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

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Based on this map, as Russia expanded its territory through 1900, it also