Question 1

How did Mustafa Kemal dramatically change Turkish society in the 1920s?

Accepted Answer

A)  He created a quasi-Communist state that limited private ownership of property. 
B)  He developed an Islamic state that enforced traditional laws about all aspects of society. 
C)  He barred foreign banks and investments to make Turkey independent of outsiders. 
D)  He modernized Turkish society by adopting elements of Western economics and culture. 
A)  He created a quasi-Communist state that limited private ownership of property. 
B)  He developed an Islamic state that enforced traditional laws about all aspects of society. 
C)  He barred foreign banks and investments to make Turkey independent of outsiders. 
D)  He modernized Turkish society by adopting elements of Western economics and culture.

Question 2

How did housewives and other women participate in the resistance to the Nazis?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 3

Based on this map, the first major battle that helped to kick off World War II occurred in
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Great Britain. 
B)  France. 
C)  Italy. 
D)  Greece. 
A)  Great Britain. 
B)  France. 
C)  Italy. 
D)  Greece.

Question 4

Although Ramsay MacDonald, Britain's prime minister at the time the Great Depression began, was the leader of the Labour Party, at least two of his government's early efforts to deal with the financial crisis suggested that the working people's welfare was not the British government's top priority. Explain.

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 5

Which of the following was an indication of the prevalence of racial thinking in the United States during World War II?

Accepted Answer

A)  All legislators of German descent were forced to resign. 
B)  German, Italian, and Japanese language classes were banned at every university. 
C)  Citizens of Japanese descent were forced to give up their homes and businesses and relocate to internment camps. 
D)  All citizens of German descent had to take an oath of loyalty to the United States, even if they were American-born citizens. 
A)  All legislators of German descent were forced to resign. 
B)  German, Italian, and Japanese language classes were banned at every university. 
C)  Citizens of Japanese descent were forced to give up their homes and businesses and relocate to internment camps. 
D)  All citizens of German descent had to take an oath of loyalty to the United States, even if they were American-born citizens.

Question 6

What did the Germans call their strategy of capturing Poland by launching an overpowering, concentrated attack using airplanes, tanks, and motorized infantry?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Anschluss 
B)  Blitzkrieg 
C)  The Schlieffen Plan 
D)  Volksgemeinschaft 
A)  The Anschluss 
B)  Blitzkrieg 
C)  The Schlieffen Plan 
D)  Volksgemeinschaft

Question 7

Which statement about the Final Solution is justified by this map?
​
  ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Switzerland participated in the Final Solution. 
B)  Camps were established in Denmark and Italy. 
C)  Poland was the site of the most camps outside German territory. 
D)  All German camps were established along rivers. 
A)  Switzerland participated in the Final Solution. 
B)  Camps were established in Denmark and Italy. 
C)  Poland was the site of the most camps outside German territory. 
D)  All German camps were established along rivers.

Question 8

How did Stalin respond to economic failures such as the drop in grain harvest that resulted from the failure of the collectivization of agriculture?

Accepted Answer

A)  He instituted new quotas and incentives to inspire workers to put in longer hours and to instill more efficient work habits. 
B)  He blamed failure on "wreckers" who deliberately plotted against communism and instituted violent purges to rid society of these imagined "villains." 
C)  He turned away from Marxist economic theory and began adopting American models of industrial efficiency and western European agricultural techniques. 
D)  He became increasingly isolated and allowed the Soviet economy to deteriorate further, leading to massive unrest within the Soviet population. 
A)  He instituted new quotas and incentives to inspire workers to put in longer hours and to instill more efficient work habits. 
B)  He blamed failure on "wreckers" who deliberately plotted against communism and instituted violent purges to rid society of these imagined "villains." 
C)  He turned away from Marxist economic theory and began adopting American models of industrial efficiency and western European agricultural techniques. 
D)  He became increasingly isolated and allowed the Soviet economy to deteriorate further, leading to massive unrest within the Soviet population.

Question 9

Why did the U.S. stock market crash lead to a global economic depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States was unable to pay its war debts to European nations, which led to widespread economic collapse. 
B)  American lenders called in their international debts, which undermined banks and industry abroad. 
C)  American banks had borrowed so heavily from foreign lenders that the crash destabilized foreign currencies. 
D)  Most foreign companies traded their stock on the U.S. market, so they became weak and unstable. 
A)  The United States was unable to pay its war debts to European nations, which led to widespread economic collapse. 
B)  American lenders called in their international debts, which undermined banks and industry abroad. 
C)  American banks had borrowed so heavily from foreign lenders that the crash destabilized foreign currencies. 
D)  Most foreign companies traded their stock on the U.S. market, so they became weak and unstable.

Question 10

Hitler came to power in 1933 after

Accepted Answer

A)  a successful coup d'état by the National Socialist (Nazi) Party. 
B)  he won an overwhelming majority of the vote in the 1932 election, beating his nearest rival by more than five million votes. 
C)  the military took over the government and chose Hitler as chancellor because he had long called for rearmament. 
D)  conservatives were forced to choose between Hitler and his Communist rival for chancellor and chose Hitler because they believed he would be easier to manipulate. 
A)  a successful coup d'état by the National Socialist (Nazi) Party. 
B)  he won an overwhelming majority of the vote in the 1932 election, beating his nearest rival by more than five million votes. 
C)  the military took over the government and chose Hitler as chancellor because he had long called for rearmament. 
D)  conservatives were forced to choose between Hitler and his Communist rival for chancellor and chose Hitler because they believed he would be easier to manipulate.

Question 11

How did parliamentary leader Alva Myrdal address the problem of the population decline in Sweden?

Accepted Answer

A)  She worked to pass legislation that discouraged women from working outside the home and made it legal for businesses to discriminate based on gender. 
B)  She campaigned for the criminalization of abortion and of the use of birth control. 
C)  She worked with leading eugenicists to identify the healthiest couples to promote strong breeding practices, while also promoting sterilization for those who were deemed "unfit." 
D)  She promoted government-sponsored prenatal care, free childbirth in a hospital, a food relief program, and subsidized housing for large families. 
A)  She worked to pass legislation that discouraged women from working outside the home and made it legal for businesses to discriminate based on gender. 
B)  She campaigned for the criminalization of abortion and of the use of birth control. 
C)  She worked with leading eugenicists to identify the healthiest couples to promote strong breeding practices, while also promoting sterilization for those who were deemed "unfit." 
D)  She promoted government-sponsored prenatal care, free childbirth in a hospital, a food relief program, and subsidized housing for large families.

Question 12

In the face of total military defeat by late 1944, Hitler continued to beseech the Germans to fight on, believing that

Accepted Answer

A)  the Germans, having failed to secure victory, deserved to die. 
B)  they could at least wrest a partial victory from the Allies by holding on to territory in the east. 
C)  such resolve would intimidate the Allies into agreeing to a less punishing peace. 
D)  divine providence was on the German side and that a turnaround was still possible. 
A)  the Germans, having failed to secure victory, deserved to die. 
B)  they could at least wrest a partial victory from the Allies by holding on to territory in the east. 
C)  such resolve would intimidate the Allies into agreeing to a less punishing peace. 
D)  divine providence was on the German side and that a turnaround was still possible.

Question 13

What was the name given to the extensive system of Soviet prison camps that stretched from Moscow to Siberia and housed millions of political prisoners in harsh conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  The kolkhoz 
B)  The kulaks 
C)  The Gulag 
D)  The Zhenotdel 
A)  The kolkhoz 
B)  The kulaks 
C)  The Gulag 
D)  The Zhenotdel

Question 14

Why did the results of Churchill's meeting with Stalin in October 1944 on the postwar distribution of territories disturb Roosevelt?

Accepted Answer

A)  He felt that U.S. interests in Europe were being ignored. 
B)  Their agreements violated the U.S. government's promotion of collective security, self-determination, and free trade. 
C)  He did not trust Stalin and did not believe that Western powers could negotiate with him in good faith. 
D)  Churchill had at least tacitly agreed to allow the Soviets free reign to expand their influence over Korea, Manchuria, and the Sakhalin and Kurile Islands. 
A)  He felt that U.S. interests in Europe were being ignored. 
B)  Their agreements violated the U.S. government's promotion of collective security, self-determination, and free trade. 
C)  He did not trust Stalin and did not believe that Western powers could negotiate with him in good faith. 
D)  Churchill had at least tacitly agreed to allow the Soviets free reign to expand their influence over Korea, Manchuria, and the Sakhalin and Kurile Islands.

Question 15

When did the "Final Solution"-the Nazis' plan to systematically murder all the Jews of Europe-begin?

Accepted Answer

A)  In 1933 when Hitler became chancellor of Germany 
B)  In 1939 when Germany invaded Poland and World War II began 
C)  In 1942 at a meeting in Wannsee 
D)  In 1943 after the Warsaw ghetto uprising 
A)  In 1933 when Hitler became chancellor of Germany 
B)  In 1939 when Germany invaded Poland and World War II began 
C)  In 1942 at a meeting in Wannsee 
D)  In 1943 after the Warsaw ghetto uprising

Question 16

Why were literate civilians in the conquered areas of eastern Europe the most vulnerable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hitler and Stalin saw them as leading members of the civil society they were trying to destroy. 
B)  They were able to read the execution orders of the German and Soviet army officers and warn other civilians. 
C)  Hitler and Stalin wanted to prevent local populations from documenting the atrocities that their soldiers were committing in eastern Europe. 
D)  They were suspected of being spies for the Allies, as most civilians would not have had access to education. 
A)  Hitler and Stalin saw them as leading members of the civil society they were trying to destroy. 
B)  They were able to read the execution orders of the German and Soviet army officers and warn other civilians. 
C)  Hitler and Stalin wanted to prevent local populations from documenting the atrocities that their soldiers were committing in eastern Europe. 
D)  They were suspected of being spies for the Allies, as most civilians would not have had access to education.

Question 17

What were the Soviet purges of the 1930s, and how did they change society?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 18

Why would an antifascist coalition government such as the French Popular Front have been impossible in democratic countries before 1936?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stalin had just reversed his ban on international Communists participating in coalition governments. 
B)  That year saw the defeat of the antifascist republicans in Spain. 
C)  That was the year that the League of Nations agreed to allow the formation of multiparty coalitions. 
D)  No one recognized that fascism was a growing danger until that year, when Hitler unveiled his new army and air force. 
A)  Stalin had just reversed his ban on international Communists participating in coalition governments. 
B)  That year saw the defeat of the antifascist republicans in Spain. 
C)  That was the year that the League of Nations agreed to allow the formation of multiparty coalitions. 
D)  No one recognized that fascism was a growing danger until that year, when Hitler unveiled his new army and air force.

Question 19

What was the subject of Pope Pius XI's address to the world in 1931, and how was it both similar to and different from the theology of Karl Barth?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi

Question 20

Which of the following factors contributed to the growth in public support for the Nazi Party among the German population in the early 1930s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hitler and the Nazi Party received the endorsement of Joseph Stalin and the Third International, which drew the unemployed and working classes to the movement. 
B)  The economic depression paralyzed the parliamentary government, which discredited democracy and made Hitler look like a bold leader who was unafraid of confronting Germany's enemies. 
C)  Hitler was able to calm the violence in the streets and revitalize the stalled parliamentary democracy by promising to enact economic legislation that would provide jobs. 
D)  The influx of millions of refugees from the Soviet Union further weakened the economy and led more Germans to support Hitler's anti-Communist tactics. 
A)  Hitler and the Nazi Party received the endorsement of Joseph Stalin and the Third International, which drew the unemployed and working classes to the movement. 
B)  The economic depression paralyzed the parliamentary government, which discredited democracy and made Hitler look like a bold leader who was unafraid of confronting Germany's enemies. 
C)  Hitler was able to calm the violence in the streets and revitalize the stalled parliamentary democracy by promising to enact economic legislation that would provide jobs. 
D)  The influx of millions of refugees from the Soviet Union further weakened the economy and led more Germans to support Hitler's anti-Communist tactics.

Exam 26: The Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945

How did Mustafa Kemal dramatically change Turkish society in the 1920s?

How did housewives and other women participate in the resistance to the Nazis?

Based on this map, the first major battle that helped to kick off World War II occurred in ​

Which of the following was an indication of the prevalence of racial thinking in the United States during World War II?

What did the Germans call their strategy of capturing Poland by launching an overpowering, concentrated attack using airplanes, tanks, and motorized infantry?

Which statement about the Final Solution is justified by this map? ​ ​

How did Stalin respond to economic failures such as the drop in grain harvest that resulted from the failure of the collectivization of agriculture?

Why did the U.S. stock market crash lead to a global economic depression?

Hitler came to power in 1933 after

How did parliamentary leader Alva Myrdal address the problem of the population decline in Sweden?

In the face of total military defeat by late 1944, Hitler continued to beseech the Germans to fight on, believing that

What was the name given to the extensive system of Soviet prison camps that stretched from Moscow to Siberia and housed millions of political prisoners in harsh conditions?

Why did the results of Churchill's meeting with Stalin in October 1944 on the postwar distribution of territories disturb Roosevelt?

When did the "Final Solution"-the Nazis' plan to systematically murder all the Jews of Europe-begin?

Why were literate civilians in the conquered areas of eastern Europe the most vulnerable?

What were the Soviet purges of the 1930s, and how did they change society?

Why would an antifascist coalition government such as the French Popular Front have been impossible in democratic countries before 1936?

What was the subject of Pope Pius XI's address to the world in 1931, and how was it both similar to and different from the theology of Karl Barth?

Which of the following factors contributed to the growth in public support for the Nazi Party among the German population in the early 1930s?

Early Western Civilization, 400,000-1000 B.C.E

Near East Empires and the Reemergence of Civilization in Greece, 1000-500 B.C.E

The Greek Golden Age, C 500-C 400 B.C.E

From the Classical to the Hellenistic World, 400-30 B.C.E

The Rise of Rome and Its Republic, 753-44 B.C.E

The Creation of the Roman Empire, 44 B.C.E-284 C.E

The Transformation of the Roman Empire, 284-600 C.E

The Heirs of Rome: Islam, Byzantium, and Europe, 600-750

From Centralization to Fragmentation, 750-1050

Commercial Quickening and Religious Reform, 1050-1150

The Flowering of the Middle Ages, 1150-1215

The Medieval Synthesis and Its Cracks, 1215-1340

Crisis and Renaissance, 1340-1492

Global Encounters and the Shock of the Reformation, 1492-1560

Wars of Religion and the Clash of Worldviews, 1560-1648

Absolutism, Constitutionalism, and the Search for Order, 1640-1700

The Atlantic System and Its Consequences, 1700-1750

The Promise of Enlightenment, 1750-1789

The Cataclysm of Revolution, 1789-1799

Napoleon and the Revolutionary Legacy, 1800-1830

Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Politics and Culture of the Nation-State, 1850-1870

Empire, Industry, and Everyday Life, 1870-1890

Modernity and the Road to War, 1890-1914

World War I and Its Aftermath, 1914-1929

The Cold War and the Remaking of Europe, 1945-1960s

Postindustrial Society and the End of the Cold War Order, 1960s-1989

A New Globalism, 1989 to the Present

Filters

Based on this map, the first major battle that helped to kick off World War II occurred in

Which statement about the Final Solution is justified by this map?