Question 1

The first stage of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  depression and anger 
B)  hand tremors and confusion 
C)  headaches and depression 
D)  memory loss and confusion 
E)  memory loss and muscle weakness 
A)  depression and anger 
B)  hand tremors and confusion 
C)  headaches and depression 
D)  memory loss and confusion 
E)  memory loss and muscle weakness

Question 2

Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disease characterized by destruction of the _______________ and the formation of scar tissue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disease characterized...

Question 3

KL is a 34-year-old male admitted to the hospital (large trauma center) after suffering a traumatic brain injury (TBI) secondary to a serious motor vehicle accident. He was in excellent health prior to the accident.
HT: 6'2"          WT: 190 pounds (86 kg) 
-Which of the following might reduce KL's metabolic requirements?

Accepted Answer

A)  use of paralytic drugs 
B)  use of appetite stimulant 
C)  use of morphine 
D)  KL's gender 
E)  KL's race 
A)  use of paralytic drugs 
B)  use of appetite stimulant 
C)  use of morphine 
D)  KL's gender 
E)  KL's race

Question 4

ALS affects involuntary types of neurons, such as those involved in memory, reasoning, vision, and hearing, as well as muscular processes such as heartbeat and digestion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The classic ketogenic diet is typically initiated with what macronutrient ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 g of fat to 1 g of protein and carbohydrate 
B)  4 g of carbohydrate to 1 g protein 
C)  4 g of protein to 1 g of carbohydrate 
D)  4 g of protein to 1 g of fat and carbohydrate 
E)  4 g of carbohydrate to 1 g of fat 
A)  4 g of fat to 1 g of protein and carbohydrate 
B)  4 g of carbohydrate to 1 g protein 
C)  4 g of protein to 1 g of carbohydrate 
D)  4 g of protein to 1 g of fat and carbohydrate 
E)  4 g of carbohydrate to 1 g of fat

Question 6

Because the ketogenic diet is low in fiber and _______________ and insufficient in other nutrients, supplementation is recommended to avoid deficiencies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because the ketogenic diet is low in...

Question 7

What is the term for the body of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite 
B)  axon 
C)  filament 
D)  soma 
E)  myelin 
A)  dendrite 
B)  axon 
C)  filament 
D)  soma 
E)  myelin

Question 8

Which of the following neurotransmitters is progressively lost in Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  somatostatin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  endorphin 
E)  serotonin 
A)  somatostatin 
B)  dopamine 
C)  acetylcholine 
D)  endorphin 
E)  serotonin

Question 9

Which drug for epilepsy inhibits both vitamin D and folate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)  valproate 
B)  carbamazepine 
C)  gabapentin 
D)  phenytoin 
E)  topiramate 
A)  valproate 
B)  carbamazepine 
C)  gabapentin 
D)  phenytoin 
E)  topiramate

Question 10

The term developmental delay is a catch-all phrase used to describe any lag in reaching age-appropriate developmental milestones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

KL is a 34-year-old male admitted to the hospital (large trauma center) after suffering a traumatic brain injury (TBI) secondary to a serious motor vehicle accident. He was in excellent health prior to the accident.
HT: 6'2"          WT: 190 pounds (86 kg) 
-What is the best means of determining KL's caloric needs while in the hospital?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mifflin-St Jeor equation 
B)  Harris-Benedict equation 
C)  WHO standards 
D)  Indirect calorimetry 
E)  Glasgow coma scale 
A)  Mifflin-St Jeor equation 
B)  Harris-Benedict equation 
C)  WHO standards 
D)  Indirect calorimetry 
E)  Glasgow coma scale

Question 12

Although the exact cause of Parkinson's disease is unclear, it results in the loss of serotonin-producing cells in the thalamus portion of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The axon terminals are small nodes that secrete neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a progressive neurological disease that affects the motor neurons of the nervous system. 
B)  It is the general term for conditions that involve loss of memory and impaired cognition. 
C)  It is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease that affects the skeletal muscles. 
D)  It is the general term used to describe a cluster of symptoms including bradykinesia with rigidity or tremor. 
E)  It is an acute peripheral nervous system syndrome characterized by progressive paralysis. 
A)  It is a progressive neurological disease that affects the motor neurons of the nervous system. 
B)  It is the general term for conditions that involve loss of memory and impaired cognition. 
C)  It is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease that affects the skeletal muscles. 
D)  It is the general term used to describe a cluster of symptoms including bradykinesia with rigidity or tremor. 
E)  It is an acute peripheral nervous system syndrome characterized by progressive paralysis.

Question 15

The parietal lobe controls hearing and auditory function and plays a role in memory and emotions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What type of diet is recommended for people with seizures or epilepsy?

Accepted Answer

A)  high carbohydrate diet 
B)  fruit-only diet 
C)  ketogenic diet 
D)  low-fat diet 
E)  dense protein diet 
A)  high carbohydrate diet 
B)  fruit-only diet 
C)  ketogenic diet 
D)  low-fat diet 
E)  dense protein diet

Question 17

KL is a 34-year-old male admitted to the hospital (large trauma center) after suffering a traumatic brain injury (TBI) secondary to a serious motor vehicle accident. He was in excellent health prior to the accident.
HT: 6'2"          WT: 190 pounds (86 kg) 
-What is the best estimate for KL's protein needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.6-0.9 g/kg 
B)  0.9-1.1 g/kg 
C)  1.10 g/kg 
D)  1.2-1.5 g/kg 
E)  1.5-2.5 g/kg 
A)  0.6-0.9 g/kg 
B)  0.9-1.1 g/kg 
C)  1.10 g/kg 
D)  1.2-1.5 g/kg 
E)  1.5-2.5 g/kg

Question 18

Which inhibitory neurotransmitter controls body posture and movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  glutamate 
C)  dopamine 
D)  serotonin 
E)  norepinephrine 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  glutamate 
C)  dopamine 
D)  serotonin 
E)  norepinephrine

Question 19

The components of a neuron are the soma, _______________, axon, and axon terminals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The components of a neuron are the...

Question 20

What are the two major physical changes in the brain that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  aluminum deposition and edema 
B)  amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles 
C)  amyloid plaques and hypertrophy 
D)  calcification and hypertrophy 
E)  aluminum deposition and neurofibrillary tangles 
A)  aluminum deposition and edema 
B)  amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles 
C)  amyloid plaques and hypertrophy 
D)  calcification and hypertrophy 
E)  aluminum deposition and neurofibrillary tangles

Exam 20: Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

The first stage of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by:

Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated disease characterized by destruction of the _______________ and the formation of scar tissue.

ALS affects involuntary types of neurons, such as those involved in memory, reasoning, vision, and hearing, as well as muscular processes such as heartbeat and digestion.

The classic ketogenic diet is typically initiated with what macronutrient ratio?

Because the ketogenic diet is low in fiber and _______________ and insufficient in other nutrients, supplementation is recommended to avoid deficiencies.

What is the term for the body of a neuron?

Which of the following neurotransmitters is progressively lost in Parkinson's disease?

Which drug for epilepsy inhibits both vitamin D and folate metabolism?

The term developmental delay is a catch-all phrase used to describe any lag in reaching age-appropriate developmental milestones.

Although the exact cause of Parkinson's disease is unclear, it results in the loss of serotonin-producing cells in the thalamus portion of the brain.

The axon terminals are small nodes that secrete neurotransmitters.

Which of the following statements is true of dementia?

The parietal lobe controls hearing and auditory function and plays a role in memory and emotions.

What type of diet is recommended for people with seizures or epilepsy?

KL is a 34-year-old male admitted to the hospital (large trauma center) after suffering a traumatic brain injury (TBI) secondary to a serious motor vehicle accident. He was in excellent health prior to the accident. HT: 6'2" WT: 190 pounds (86 kg) -What is the best estimate for KL's protein needs?

Which inhibitory neurotransmitter controls body posture and movement?

The components of a neuron are the soma, _______________, axon, and axon terminals.

What are the two major physical changes in the brain that are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?

Role of the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist in the Health Care System

Overview the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition Informatics and Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Endocrine System

Diseases of the Renal System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

Neoplastic Disease

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

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