Question 1

Waste products and excess fluids are removed from the body by the actions of diffusion, ultrafiltration, and _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Waste products and excess fluids are removed...

Question 2

Describe the signs and symptoms associated with inadequate kidney function.

Accepted Answer

Signs and symptoms associated with inade

Question 3

Which hormone influences the reabsorption of sodium in the proximal tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone 
B)  vasopressin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  testosterone 
E)  epinephrine 
A)  aldosterone 
B)  vasopressin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  testosterone 
E)  epinephrine

Question 4

What is the recommended daily phosphorus intake for peritoneal dialysis patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5-3.0 g/day 
B)  0.8-1.0 g/day 
C)  0.2-0.5 g/day 
D)  2.0-4.0 g/day 
E)  3.0-5.0 g/day 
A)  1.5-3.0 g/day 
B)  0.8-1.0 g/day 
C)  0.2-0.5 g/day 
D)  2.0-4.0 g/day 
E)  3.0-5.0 g/day

Question 5

The _______________ tubule of the kidney contains cells with a complex brush border, tight intercellular junctions, and large numbers of mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______________ tubule of the kidney contains...

Question 6

Which food enhances the bioavailability of tacrolimus and cyclosporine?

Accepted Answer

A)  spinach 
B)  legumes 
C)  grapefruit 
D)  chocolate 
E)  tomatoes 
A)  spinach 
B)  legumes 
C)  grapefruit 
D)  chocolate 
E)  tomatoes

Question 7

Which part of the nephron is involved in reabsorption of sodium ions and water, and secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bowman's capsule and loop of Henle 
B)  distal tubule and collecting duct 
C)  proximal tubule and loop of Henle 
D)  efferent tubule and afferent tubule 
E)  afferent tubule and collecting duct 
A)  Bowman's capsule and loop of Henle 
B)  distal tubule and collecting duct 
C)  proximal tubule and loop of Henle 
D)  efferent tubule and afferent tubule 
E)  afferent tubule and collecting duct

Question 8

The functioning unit of the kidney is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  tubule 
B)  cortex 
C)  nephron 
D)  medulla 
E)  glomerulus 
A)  tubule 
B)  cortex 
C)  nephron 
D)  medulla 
E)  glomerulus

Question 9

_______________ is a surgical procedure in which a surgeon makes an incision in the back and creates a tunnel to the kidney to remove a kidney stone.

Accepted Answer

Percutaneo

Question 10

Low serum calcium levels often accompany CKD due to alterations in vitamin _______________ metabolism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Low serum calcium levels often accompany CKD...

Question 11

KL is a 45-year-old male admitted to the hospital with an infection. He is on PD because of the congenital disease of the kidney. He does not have diabetes. HT: 6'  WT: 170 pounds (77 kg)  
-Approximately how many kilocalories does KL require daily?

Accepted Answer

A)  1,840 kcal 
B)  1,930 kcal 
C)  2,050 kcal 
D)  2,200 kcal 
E)  2,700 kcal 
A)  1,840 kcal 
B)  1,930 kcal 
C)  2,050 kcal 
D)  2,200 kcal 
E)  2,700 kcal

Question 12

Which of the following symptoms is one of the first signs of renal insufficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney pain 
B)  hematuria 
C)  microalbuminuria 
D)  increased urine output 
E)  low blood pressure 
A)  kidney pain 
B)  hematuria 
C)  microalbuminuria 
D)  increased urine output 
E)  low blood pressure

Question 13

Prolonged exposure to elevations of PTH causes the development of which bone disease (characterized by rapid bone turnover with an excess of collagen production)?

Accepted Answer

A)  rickets 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  osteopenia 
D)  osteosarcoma 
E)  osteitis fibrosa cystica 
A)  rickets 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  osteopenia 
D)  osteosarcoma 
E)  osteitis fibrosa cystica

Question 14

Which vegetable is considered a high-sodium food?

Accepted Answer

A)  olives 
B)  zucchini 
C)  broccoli 
D)  cucumber 
E)  cabbage 
A)  olives 
B)  zucchini 
C)  broccoli 
D)  cucumber 
E)  cabbage

Question 15

_______________ is a procedure that removes excessive and toxic by-products of metabolism from the blood, thus performing the filtrating function of the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ is a procedure that removes excessive...

Question 16

Patients with acute kidney injury are prone to loss of which type of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  leucine and isoleucine 
B)  only essential amino acids 
C)  only nonessential amino acids 
D)  all essential and nonessential amino acids 
E)  only branched-chain amino acids 
A)  leucine and isoleucine 
B)  only essential amino acids 
C)  only nonessential amino acids 
D)  all essential and nonessential amino acids 
E)  only branched-chain amino acids

Question 17

KL is a 45-year-old male admitted to the hospital with an infection. He is on PD because of the congenital disease of the kidney. He does not have diabetes. HT: 6'  WT: 170 pounds (77 kg)  
-Approximately how many grams of protein does KL require each day?

Accepted Answer

A)  66 g 
B)  78 g 
C)  87 g 
D)  93 g 
E)  110 g 
A)  66 g 
B)  78 g 
C)  87 g 
D)  93 g 
E)  110 g

Question 18

It has been demonstrated that foods high in _______________, including dairy products, can actually prevent the formation of kidney stones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It has been demonstrated that foods high...

Question 19

Deficiency of the active form of vitamin D is associated with impaired intestinal calcium absorption and secondary _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Deficiency of the active form of vitamin...

Question 20

In general, the hemodialysis diet is high in protein and controls for intake of potassium, phosphorus, fluids, and sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 18: Diseases of the Renal System

Waste products and excess fluids are removed from the body by the actions of diffusion, ultrafiltration, and _______________.

Describe the signs and symptoms associated with inadequate kidney function.

Which hormone influences the reabsorption of sodium in the proximal tubule?

What is the recommended daily phosphorus intake for peritoneal dialysis patients?

The _______________ tubule of the kidney contains cells with a complex brush border, tight intercellular junctions, and large numbers of mitochondria.

Which food enhances the bioavailability of tacrolimus and cyclosporine?

Which part of the nephron is involved in reabsorption of sodium ions and water, and secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions?

The functioning unit of the kidney is referred to as:

_______________ is a surgical procedure in which a surgeon makes an incision in the back and creates a tunnel to the kidney to remove a kidney stone.

Low serum calcium levels often accompany CKD due to alterations in vitamin _______________ metabolism.

KL is a 45-year-old male admitted to the hospital with an infection. He is on PD because of the congenital disease of the kidney. He does not have diabetes. HT: 6' WT: 170 pounds (77 kg) -Approximately how many kilocalories does KL require daily?

Which of the following symptoms is one of the first signs of renal insufficiency?

Prolonged exposure to elevations of PTH causes the development of which bone disease (characterized by rapid bone turnover with an excess of collagen production)?

Which vegetable is considered a high-sodium food?

_______________ is a procedure that removes excessive and toxic by-products of metabolism from the blood, thus performing the filtrating function of the kidneys.

Patients with acute kidney injury are prone to loss of which type of amino acids?

KL is a 45-year-old male admitted to the hospital with an infection. He is on PD because of the congenital disease of the kidney. He does not have diabetes. HT: 6' WT: 170 pounds (77 kg) -Approximately how many grams of protein does KL require each day?

It has been demonstrated that foods high in _______________, including dairy products, can actually prevent the formation of kidney stones.

Deficiency of the active form of vitamin D is associated with impaired intestinal calcium absorption and secondary _______________.

In general, the hemodialysis diet is high in protein and controls for intake of potassium, phosphorus, fluids, and sodium.

Role of the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist in the Health Care System

Overview the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition Informatics and Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Endocrine System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

Neoplastic Disease

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

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