Question 1

What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  120 days 
B)  100 days 
C)  75 days 
D)  45 days 
E)  12 days 
A)  120 days 
B)  100 days 
C)  75 days 
D)  45 days 
E)  12 days

Question 2

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is _______________, which accounts for approximately 60-80% of cases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is...

Question 3

JK is a 19-year-old male college student with T1DM. He stays away from home and does not follow a proper diet. His school schedule is erratic; therefore, he eats throughout the day. Currently, he takes extended long-acting analogue insulin once per day. By 8 P.M., his blood sugar levels start dropping to a very low value. Also, biochemical analysis shows trace amount of ketones in his blood.
Height: 5'10"        Weight: 175 pounds          Hemoglobin A1C: 9%
-What is the most likely cause of JK's low blood sugar at 8 P.M.?

Accepted Answer

A)  His insulin dose is too high. 
B)  He is eating too much. 
C)  He is exercising too much. 
D)  He is not exercising enough. 
E)  The timing and peak of his insulin do not match his intake. 
A)  His insulin dose is too high. 
B)  He is eating too much. 
C)  He is exercising too much. 
D)  He is not exercising enough. 
E)  The timing and peak of his insulin do not match his intake.

Question 4

Insufficient secretion of a tropic hormone leads to:

Accepted Answer

A)  primary hyposecretion 
B)  secondary hyposecretion 
C)  tertiary hyposecretion 
D)  cellular hypersecretion 
E)  ductal hypersecretion 
A)  primary hyposecretion 
B)  secondary hyposecretion 
C)  tertiary hyposecretion 
D)  cellular hypersecretion 
E)  ductal hypersecretion

Question 5

_______________ of a target organ will cause the same symptoms as hyposecretion, but hormone levels will be normal or high instead of low.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ of a target organ will cause...

Question 6

Severe hypoglycemia has a characteristic blood glucose level of _______________ mg/dL.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Severe hypoglycemia has a characteristic blood glucose...

Question 7

_______________ control is fundamental to the management of diabetes and provides the basis for monitoring and evaluation of the condition.

Accepted Answer

Glycemic o

Question 8

T1DM develops most frequently in children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is hypoglycemia.?

Accepted Answer

Hypoglycemia is an abnormally

Question 10

Which hormone stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth and promotes ejection of milk from mammary glands during breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxytocin 
B)  serotonin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine 
A)  oxytocin 
B)  serotonin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine

Question 11

JK is a 19-year-old male college student with T1DM. He stays away from home and does not follow a proper diet. His school schedule is erratic; therefore, he eats throughout the day. Currently, he takes extended long-acting analogue insulin once per day. By 8 P.M., his blood sugar levels start dropping to a very low value. Also, biochemical analysis shows trace amount of ketones in his blood.
Height: 5'10"        Weight: 175 pounds          Hemoglobin A1C: 9%
-Given his schedule, what may work better for JK?

Accepted Answer

A)  conventional therapy 
B)  split-dose insulin 
C)  multiple daily injections 
D)  single-dose insulin 
E)  not taking any insulin 
A)  conventional therapy 
B)  split-dose insulin 
C)  multiple daily injections 
D)  single-dose insulin 
E)  not taking any insulin

Question 12

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease that is a type of:

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreatic disorder 
B)  pituitary disorder 
C)  liver disorder 
D)  hypothyroidism 
E)  hyperthyroidism 
A)  pancreatic disorder 
B)  pituitary disorder 
C)  liver disorder 
D)  hypothyroidism 
E)  hyperthyroidism

Question 13

Which primary environmental factor aids in the development of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  high blood pressure 
B)  smoking cigarettes 
C)  obesity 
D)  drinking alcohol 
E)  stress 
A)  high blood pressure 
B)  smoking cigarettes 
C)  obesity 
D)  drinking alcohol 
E)  stress

Question 14

Graves' disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease in which TSI mistakenly targets the _____ on the thyroid cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  TSH receptors 
B)  epinephrine receptors 
C)  norepinephrine receptors 
D)  GH receptors 
E)  insulin receptors 
A)  TSH receptors 
B)  epinephrine receptors 
C)  norepinephrine receptors 
D)  GH receptors 
E)  insulin receptors

Question 15

Which ethnic group was seen to be affected most by type 2 diabetes in the U.S. between the years 2013 and 2015?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hispanic/Latinos 
B)  Asian Americans 
C)  non-Hispanic blacks 
D)  Native Americans 
E)  American Indians 
A)  Hispanic/Latinos 
B)  Asian Americans 
C)  non-Hispanic blacks 
D)  Native Americans 
E)  American Indians

Question 16

The thyroid hormones are two iodine-containing hormones derived from the amino acid tyrosine: thyroxine and triiodothyrone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which endocrine cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortical cells 
B)  alpha cells 
C)  beta cells 
D)  delta cells 
E)  medullar cells 
A)  cortical cells 
B)  alpha cells 
C)  beta cells 
D)  delta cells 
E)  medullar cells

Question 18

Insulin is a catabolic hormone that controls the metabolic fate of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the fasting plasma glucose diagnostic criterion for diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than or equal to 95 mg/dL 
B)  greater than or equal to 106 mg/dL 
C)  greater than or equal to 116 mg/dL 
D)  greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL 
E)  greater than or equal to 145 mg/dL 
A)  greater than or equal to 95 mg/dL 
B)  greater than or equal to 106 mg/dL 
C)  greater than or equal to 116 mg/dL 
D)  greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL 
E)  greater than or equal to 145 mg/dL

Question 20

Which of the following hormones that is secreted from the adrenal medulla regulates arterial blood pressure and prepares the body for "fight or flight" responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  oxytocin 
B)  serotonin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine 
A)  oxytocin 
B)  serotonin 
C)  cortisol 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine

Exam 17: Diseases of the Endocrine System

What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?

The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is _______________, which accounts for approximately 60-80% of cases.

Insufficient secretion of a tropic hormone leads to:

_______________ of a target organ will cause the same symptoms as hyposecretion, but hormone levels will be normal or high instead of low.

Severe hypoglycemia has a characteristic blood glucose level of _______________ mg/dL.

_______________ control is fundamental to the management of diabetes and provides the basis for monitoring and evaluation of the condition.

T1DM develops most frequently in children and adolescents.

What is hypoglycemia.?

Which hormone stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth and promotes ejection of milk from mammary glands during breastfeeding?

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease that is a type of:

Which primary environmental factor aids in the development of type 2 diabetes?

Graves' disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease in which TSI mistakenly targets the _____ on the thyroid cells.

Which ethnic group was seen to be affected most by type 2 diabetes in the U.S. between the years 2013 and 2015?

The thyroid hormones are two iodine-containing hormones derived from the amino acid tyrosine: thyroxine and triiodothyrone.

Which endocrine cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon?

Insulin is a catabolic hormone that controls the metabolic fate of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid.

What is the fasting plasma glucose diagnostic criterion for diabetes?

Which of the following hormones that is secreted from the adrenal medulla regulates arterial blood pressure and prepares the body for "fight or flight" responses?

Role of the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist in the Health Care System

Overview the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition Informatics and Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Renal System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

Neoplastic Disease

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

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