Question 1

To which chemical class of hormones do the majority of endocrine hormones belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid hormones 
B)  amine hormones 
C)  neurohormones 
D)  peptide hormones 
E)  sugar-based hormones 
A)  steroid hormones 
B)  amine hormones 
C)  neurohormones 
D)  peptide hormones 
E)  sugar-based hormones

Question 2

_______________ is released when the two polypeptide chains of insulin separate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ is released when the two polypeptide...

Question 3

Discuss nephropathy as a long-term complication of diabetes.

Accepted Answer

Nephropathy occurs in 20-40% of individu

Question 4

Diabetes _______________ results from insufficient production of vasopressin by the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diabetes _______________ results from insufficient production of...

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. 
B)  It involves secretion of defective insulin with progressive insulin resistance. 
C)  It involves the autoimmune destruction of β cells with absolute insulin deficiency. 
D)  It is a side effect of drugs used during organ transplantation. 
E)  It is one of the symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 
A)  It occurs in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. 
B)  It involves secretion of defective insulin with progressive insulin resistance. 
C)  It involves the autoimmune destruction of β cells with absolute insulin deficiency. 
D)  It is a side effect of drugs used during organ transplantation. 
E)  It is one of the symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Question 6

What is the term for an inadequate glucose supply to the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuropathy 
B)  neuroglycopenia 
C)  glycosuria 
D)  achlorhydria 
E)  ketoacidosis 
A)  neuropathy 
B)  neuroglycopenia 
C)  glycosuria 
D)  achlorhydria 
E)  ketoacidosis

Question 7

Which of the following nutrients is the most influential factor affecting glycemic response?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate 
B)  fat 
C)  protein 
D)  vitamin 
E)  mineral 
A)  carbohydrate 
B)  fat 
C)  protein 
D)  vitamin 
E)  mineral

Question 8

The pituitary gland is located in the bony cavity at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

List the categories of the functions of hormones.

Accepted Answer

The functions of hormones are grouped in

Question 10

_______________ hypoglycemia usually results from excess insulin or insulin-like substances that are secreted as a result of external factors such as alcohol or drug ingestion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ hypoglycemia usually results from excess insulin...

Question 11

JK is a 19-year-old male college student with T1DM. He stays away from home and does not follow a proper diet. His school schedule is erratic; therefore, he eats throughout the day. Currently, he takes extended long-acting analogue insulin once per day. By 8 P.M., his blood sugar levels start dropping to a very low value. Also, biochemical analysis shows trace amount of ketones in his blood.
Height: 5'10"        Weight: 175 pounds          Hemoglobin A1C: 9%
-What is the ideal range of daily insulin dose for JK?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.2-0.5 units/kg 
B)  0.5-0.8 units/kg 
C)  0.8-1.1 units/kg 
D)  1.1-1.4 units/kg 
E)  1.4-1.7 units/kg 
A)  0.2-0.5 units/kg 
B)  0.5-0.8 units/kg 
C)  0.8-1.1 units/kg 
D)  1.1-1.4 units/kg 
E)  1.4-1.7 units/kg

Question 12

Thyroid disorders are common _______________ disorders and fall into two major categories: hypothyroidism and _______________.

Accepted Answer

endocrine;

Question 13

Which of the following autoimmune disease causes hypothyroidism and is 5-10 times more common in women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hashimoto's thyroiditis 
B)  Grave's disease 
C)  lymphocytic thyroiditis 
D)  lymphoma 
E)  goiter 
A)  Hashimoto's thyroiditis 
B)  Grave's disease 
C)  lymphocytic thyroiditis 
D)  lymphoma 
E)  goiter

Question 14

What are the three common complications associated with long-term hyperglycemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney disease, liver disease, and central neuropathy 
B)  lung disease, retinopathy, and liver disease 
C)  retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and heart disease 
D)  kidney disease, central neuropathy, and lung disease 
E)  central neuropathy, heart disease, and lung disease 
A)  kidney disease, liver disease, and central neuropathy 
B)  lung disease, retinopathy, and liver disease 
C)  retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and heart disease 
D)  kidney disease, central neuropathy, and lung disease 
E)  central neuropathy, heart disease, and lung disease

Question 15

Type 2 diabetes occurs most frequently in:

Accepted Answer

A)  newborns 
B)  infants 
C)  children 
D)  adolescents 
E)  adults 
A)  newborns 
B)  infants 
C)  children 
D)  adolescents 
E)  adults

Question 16

What is the common characteristic of all forms of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperglycemia 
B)  hypoglycemia 
C)  kidney disease 
D)  liver disease 
E)  hypertension 
A)  hyperglycemia 
B)  hypoglycemia 
C)  kidney disease 
D)  liver disease 
E)  hypertension

Question 17

_______________ is the hormone released from alpha cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels fall below the normal range.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ is the hormone released from alpha...

Question 18

JK is a 19-year-old male college student with T1DM. He stays away from home and does not follow a proper diet. His school schedule is erratic; therefore, he eats throughout the day. Currently, he takes extended long-acting analogue insulin once per day. By 8 P.M., his blood sugar levels start dropping to a very low value. Also, biochemical analysis shows trace amount of ketones in his blood.
Height: 5'10"        Weight: 175 pounds          Hemoglobin A1C: 9%
-Based on his current hemoglobin A1C value, what is the mean plasma glucose value for JK?

Accepted Answer

A)  126 mg/dL 
B)  154 mg/dL 
C)  183 mg/dL 
D)  212 mg/dL 
E)  269 mg/dL 
A)  126 mg/dL 
B)  154 mg/dL 
C)  183 mg/dL 
D)  212 mg/dL 
E)  269 mg/dL

Question 19

Explain the "dawn phenomenon."

Accepted Answer

The dawn phenomenon results from the eff

Question 20

Symptoms of hypothyroidism are generally quite significant and severe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Diseases of the Endocrine System

To which chemical class of hormones do the majority of endocrine hormones belong?

_______________ is released when the two polypeptide chains of insulin separate.

Discuss nephropathy as a long-term complication of diabetes.

Diabetes _______________ results from insufficient production of vasopressin by the hypothalamus.

Which of the following statements is true of type 1 diabetes?

What is the term for an inadequate glucose supply to the brain?

Which of the following nutrients is the most influential factor affecting glycemic response?

The pituitary gland is located in the bony cavity at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus.

List the categories of the functions of hormones.

_______________ hypoglycemia usually results from excess insulin or insulin-like substances that are secreted as a result of external factors such as alcohol or drug ingestion.

Thyroid disorders are common _______________ disorders and fall into two major categories: hypothyroidism and _______________.

Which of the following autoimmune disease causes hypothyroidism and is 5-10 times more common in women?

What are the three common complications associated with long-term hyperglycemia?

Type 2 diabetes occurs most frequently in:

What is the common characteristic of all forms of diabetes?

_______________ is the hormone released from alpha cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels fall below the normal range.

Explain the "dawn phenomenon."

Symptoms of hypothyroidism are generally quite significant and severe.

Role of the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist in the Health Care System

Overview the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition Informatics and Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver Gallbladder and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Renal System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

Neoplastic Disease

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

Filters

Thyroid disorders are common _ disorders and fall into two major categories: hypothyroidism and _.