Question 1

Which phylum of deep-branching Gram-negative bacteria are often found in dental plaques?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aquificae 
B)  Proteobacteria 
C)  Acidobacteria 
D)  Fusobacteria 
E)  Chlorobi 
A)  Aquificae 
B)  Proteobacteria 
C)  Acidobacteria 
D)  Fusobacteria 
E)  Chlorobi

Question 2

What are oligotrophs? Provide two examples of oligotrophic bacteria.

Accepted Answer

Oligotrophs are organisms adapted to ext

Question 3

A trait that differentiates all Firmicutes from Actinobacteria is

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram stain character. 
B)  GC content. 
C)  oxygen requirements. 
D)  pathogenicity. 
E)  genome size. 
A)  Gram stain character. 
B)  GC content. 
C)  oxygen requirements. 
D)  pathogenicity. 
E)  genome size.

Question 4

Which of the following have multipartite genomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Borrelia spp. 
B)  Escherichia spp. 
C)  Bacillus spp. 
D)  Chlamydia spp. 
E)  Mycobacterium spp. 
A)  Borrelia spp. 
B)  Escherichia spp. 
C)  Bacillus spp. 
D)  Chlamydia spp. 
E)  Mycobacterium spp.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the double membrane found in Planctomycetes versus that found in the eukaryotic nucleus.

Accepted Answer

In the planctomycetes, a double membrane

Question 6

What is photoheterotrophy? Provide two examples.

Accepted Answer

Photoheterotrophy is a form of heterotro

Question 7

Describe the unique way in which spirochetes can be isolated from other environmental species. What makes this possible?

Accepted Answer

The corkscrew motion of the cell body du

Question 8

Bacteria in the genera ________ produce durable endospores that remain viable for millennia.

Accepted Answer

A)  Carboxydothermus and Listeri 
B)  Lactobacillus and Streptococcus 
C)  Bacillus and Clostridium 
D)  Oscillatoria and Anabaena 
E)  Rickettsia and Chromatium 
A)  Carboxydothermus and Listeri 
B)  Lactobacillus and Streptococcus 
C)  Bacillus and Clostridium 
D)  Oscillatoria and Anabaena 
E)  Rickettsia and Chromatium

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT correct about the sulfur lithotrophic genus Beggiatoa?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a Gram-negative gammaproteobacterial genus. 
B)  It oxidizes H2S to S0. 
C)  It stores S0 in cytoplasmic granules. 
D)  It stores polyhydroxybutyrate. 
E)  It grows as extended filaments. 
A)  It is a Gram-negative gammaproteobacterial genus. 
B)  It oxidizes H2S to S0. 
C)  It stores S0 in cytoplasmic granules. 
D)  It stores polyhydroxybutyrate. 
E)  It grows as extended filaments.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT correct about microorganisms in the phylum Thermotogae?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are bacterial thermophiles. 
B)  Archaeal genes have been transferred horizontally to them. 
C)  They have mosaic genomes. 
D)  They are bacteria with sheath-like outer structures. 
E)  They are aerobic heterotrophs. 
A)  They are bacterial thermophiles. 
B)  Archaeal genes have been transferred horizontally to them. 
C)  They have mosaic genomes. 
D)  They are bacteria with sheath-like outer structures. 
E)  They are aerobic heterotrophs.

Question 11

Why is it that the deep-branching thermophiles may appear to have diverged from other bacteria earlier than they actually did?

Accepted Answer

These organisms tend to have a very high

Question 12

Treponema azotonutricium is known for its symbiotic association with

Accepted Answer

A)  phototrophs in microbial mats. 
B)  corals. 
C)  fungi in lichens. 
D)  protists in the termite gut. 
E)  the mammal epithelium. 
A)  phototrophs in microbial mats. 
B)  corals. 
C)  fungi in lichens. 
D)  protists in the termite gut. 
E)  the mammal epithelium.

Question 13

In what environment does Savagella form filaments through the production of intracellular offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)  aquatic, high salinity environments 
B)  hydrothermal springs 
C)  surgical wounds 
D)  mammalian skin tissue 
E)  mammalian gut epithelium 
A)  aquatic, high salinity environments 
B)  hydrothermal springs 
C)  surgical wounds 
D)  mammalian skin tissue 
E)  mammalian gut epithelium

Question 14

Cyanobacteria participate in multilayered microbial mats with sulfur phototrophs. These other phototrophs absorb light if they lie below the cyanobacteria by

Accepted Answer

A)  growing anaerobically. 
B)  producing phycocyanin. 
C)  absorbing light at shorter wavelengths than cyanobacteria. 
D)  absorbing light at longer wavelengths than cyanobacteria. 
E)  absorbing UV irradiation. 
A)  growing anaerobically. 
B)  producing phycocyanin. 
C)  absorbing light at shorter wavelengths than cyanobacteria. 
D)  absorbing light at longer wavelengths than cyanobacteria. 
E)  absorbing UV irradiation.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding rhizobia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Synorhizobium are among the genera comprising rhizobia. 
B)  They may live freely in soil, but they prefer to establish symbioses with specific legumes. 
C)  They form nodules in the roots to favor anaerobiosis and consequently nitrogen fixation. 
D)  They provide the host with leghemoglobins, which help the plant hosts combat pathogens. 
E)  Each species colonizes a particular host range for infection. 
A)  Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Synorhizobium are among the genera comprising rhizobia. 
B)  They may live freely in soil, but they prefer to establish symbioses with specific legumes. 
C)  They form nodules in the roots to favor anaerobiosis and consequently nitrogen fixation. 
D)  They provide the host with leghemoglobins, which help the plant hosts combat pathogens. 
E)  Each species colonizes a particular host range for infection.

Question 16

Chlamydiae, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia share which of the following traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  oligotrophy 
B)  intracellular compartmentalization 
C)  phototrophy 
D)  diminished or no cell walls 
E)  endospore formation 
A)  oligotrophy 
B)  intracellular compartmentalization 
C)  phototrophy 
D)  diminished or no cell walls 
E)  endospore formation

Question 17

Cyanobacteria contain subcellular structures called carboxysomes that are rich in the enzyme ________ that fixes CO₂.

Accepted Answer

A)  decarboxylase 
B)  oxidase 
C)  urease 
D)  cellulase 
E)  Rubisco 
A)  decarboxylase 
B)  oxidase 
C)  urease 
D)  cellulase 
E)  Rubisco

Question 18

The type of telomere pictured below is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  rickettsias and mitochondria. 
B)  cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. 
C)  Streptomyces. 
D)  Planctomycetes. 
E)  Deinococcus-Thermus. 
A)  rickettsias and mitochondria. 
B)  cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. 
C)  Streptomyces. 
D)  Planctomycetes. 
E)  Deinococcus-Thermus.

Question 19

Bacteroidetes are important components of what ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antarctic brine lakes 
B)  the termite gut 
C)  hydrothermal springs 
D)  the human gut 
E)  acid mines 
A)  Antarctic brine lakes 
B)  the termite gut 
C)  hydrothermal springs 
D)  the human gut 
E)  acid mines

Question 20

A bacterial phylum is a group of organisms that share a common ancestor that diverged early from other bacteria, based on

Accepted Answer

A)  small-subunit (16S) rRNA sequences. 
B)  the presence of certain plasmids. 
C)  their genomic size. 
D)  having 70S or 80S ribosomes. 
E)  the presence or absence of a cell wall. 
A)  small-subunit (16S) rRNA sequences. 
B)  the presence of certain plasmids. 
C)  their genomic size. 
D)  having 70S or 80S ribosomes. 
E)  the presence or absence of a cell wall.

Exam 18: Bacterial Diversity

Which phylum of deep-branching Gram-negative bacteria are often found in dental plaques?

What are oligotrophs? Provide two examples of oligotrophic bacteria.

A trait that differentiates all Firmicutes from Actinobacteria is

Which of the following have multipartite genomes?

Compare and contrast the double membrane found in Planctomycetes versus that found in the eukaryotic nucleus.

What is photoheterotrophy? Provide two examples.

Describe the unique way in which spirochetes can be isolated from other environmental species. What makes this possible?

Bacteria in the genera ________ produce durable endospores that remain viable for millennia.

Which of the following is NOT correct about the sulfur lithotrophic genus Beggiatoa?

Which of the following is NOT correct about microorganisms in the phylum Thermotogae?

Why is it that the deep-branching thermophiles may appear to have diverged from other bacteria earlier than they actually did?

Treponema azotonutricium is known for its symbiotic association with

In what environment does Savagella form filaments through the production of intracellular offspring?

Cyanobacteria participate in multilayered microbial mats with sulfur phototrophs. These other phototrophs absorb light if they lie below the cyanobacteria by

Which of the following is NOT correct regarding rhizobia?

Chlamydiae, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia share which of the following traits?

Cyanobacteria contain subcellular structures called carboxysomes that are rich in the enzyme ________ that fixes CO₂.

The type of telomere pictured below is found in

Bacteroidetes are important components of what ecosystem?

A bacterial phylum is a group of organisms that share a common ancestor that diverged early from other bacteria, based on

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

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Genomes and Chromosomes

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Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

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Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

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Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

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Origins and Evolution

Archaeal Diversity

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Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

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