Question 1

In the figure shown below, the role of the -Me groups on the second sequence is that the methyl groups

Accepted Answer

A)  direct an enzyme to cut at those sequences. 
B)  signal that the DNA is not foreign and thus it should not be cut. 
C)  signal for a transposon to excise itself. 
D)  signal for the sequence to be incorporated in CRISPR. 
E)  serve as a sequence for specialized transduction. 
A)  direct an enzyme to cut at those sequences. 
B)  signal that the DNA is not foreign and thus it should not be cut. 
C)  signal for a transposon to excise itself. 
D)  signal for the sequence to be incorporated in CRISPR. 
E)  serve as a sequence for specialized transduction.

Question 2

Phase variation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  conjugation. 
B)  site-specific recombination. 
C)  general recombination. 
D)  transposition. 
E)  radiation resistance. 
A)  conjugation. 
B)  site-specific recombination. 
C)  general recombination. 
D)  transposition. 
E)  radiation resistance.

Question 3

In the figure shown below, the cause of the appearance of these bacterial colonies is ________ and is caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sectoring; liver homogenate 
B)  pyrimidine dimers; ultraviolet light 
C)  reversion mutations; rat liver homogenate 
D)  frameshift mutations; high mutation rate 
E)  sectoring; high mutation rate 
A)  sectoring; liver homogenate 
B)  pyrimidine dimers; ultraviolet light 
C)  reversion mutations; rat liver homogenate 
D)  frameshift mutations; high mutation rate 
E)  sectoring; high mutation rate

Question 4

Which of the following bacteria requires artificial assistance to become competent to take up DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacillus 
B)  E. coli 
C)  Haemophilus 
D)  Neisseria 
E)  Streptococcus 
A)  Bacillus 
B)  E. coli 
C)  Haemophilus 
D)  Neisseria 
E)  Streptococcus

Question 5

Mutations that occur even in the absence of an added mutagen are known as ________ mutations.

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous 
B)  silent 
C)  missense 
D)  nonsense 
E)  frameshift 
A)  spontaneous 
B)  silent 
C)  missense 
D)  nonsense 
E)  frameshift

Question 6

Describe the differences in the transformation process in Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive organisms transform DNA us

Question 7

After extensive DNA damage, special DNA polymerases are expressed that sacrifice replication ________ to rescue the damaged genome.

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation 
B)  accuracy 
C)  termination 
D)  modification 
E)  restriction 
A)  initiation 
B)  accuracy 
C)  termination 
D)  modification 
E)  restriction

Question 8

Many infectious bacteria have regions of DNA coding for virulence factors. These regions are called

Accepted Answer

A)  transposases. 
B)  pathogenicity islands. 
C)  inverted repeats. 
D)  F plasmids. 
E)  genome reductions. 
A)  transposases. 
B)  pathogenicity islands. 
C)  inverted repeats. 
D)  F plasmids. 
E)  genome reductions.

Question 9

Describe the process whereby DNA is transferred from Agrobacterium to plants.

Accepted Answer

First, phenolic compounds are released f

Question 10

Site-specific recombination is RecA independent and requires very short regions of homology between donor and target DNA. Describe an example in either E. coli or Salmonella.

Accepted Answer

The phage lambda system in E. coli invol

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an example of a genomic island?

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogenicity islands in infectious organisms 
B)  symbiosis islands in Mesorhizobium 
C)  resistance islands in Staphylococcus 
D)  transposition islands within bacteria 
E)  metabolic islands within Salmonella 
A)  pathogenicity islands in infectious organisms 
B)  symbiosis islands in Mesorhizobium 
C)  resistance islands in Staphylococcus 
D)  transposition islands within bacteria 
E)  metabolic islands within Salmonella

Question 12

Describe four of the informational classes of mutations.

Accepted Answer

Any four of the following are acceptable

In the figure shown below, the role of the -Me groups on the second sequence is that the methyl groups

Phase variation is an example of

In the figure shown below, the cause of the appearance of these bacterial colonies is and is caused by .

Which of the following bacteria requires artificial assistance to become competent to take up DNA?

Mutations that occur even in the absence of an added mutagen are known as ________ mutations.

Describe the differences in the transformation process in Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.

After extensive DNA damage, special DNA polymerases are expressed that sacrifice replication ________ to rescue the damaged genome.

Many infectious bacteria have regions of DNA coding for virulence factors. These regions are called

Describe the process whereby DNA is transferred from Agrobacterium to plants.

Site-specific recombination is RecA independent and requires very short regions of homology between donor and target DNA. Describe an example in either E. coli or Salmonella.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a genomic island?

Describe four of the informational classes of mutations.

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

Exam 9: Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

In the figure shown below, the role of the -Me groups on the second sequence is that the methyl groups

Phase variation is an example of

In the figure shown below, the cause of the appearance of these bacterial colonies is ________ and is caused by ________.

Which of the following bacteria requires artificial assistance to become competent to take up DNA?

Mutations that occur even in the absence of an added mutagen are known as ________ mutations.

Describe the differences in the transformation process in Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.

After extensive DNA damage, special DNA polymerases are expressed that sacrifice replication ________ to rescue the damaged genome.

Many infectious bacteria have regions of DNA coding for virulence factors. These regions are called

Describe the process whereby DNA is transferred from Agrobacterium to plants.

Site-specific recombination is RecA independent and requires very short regions of homology between donor and target DNA. Describe an example in either E. coli or Salmonella.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a genomic island?

Describe four of the informational classes of mutations.

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

In the figure shown below, the cause of the appearance of these bacterial colonies is and is caused by .