Question 1

Fever is seldom beneficial because it speeds up the cellular metabolic rate and will not allow antigen- antibody reactions to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Interferons .

Accepted Answer

A)  are routinely used in nasal sprays for the common cold 
B)  act by increasing the rate of cell division 
C)  are virus- specific, so that an interferon produced against one virus could not protect cells against another virus 
D)  interfere with viral replication within cells 
A)  are routinely used in nasal sprays for the common cold 
B)  act by increasing the rate of cell division 
C)  are virus- specific, so that an interferon produced against one virus could not protect cells against another virus 
D)  interfere with viral replication within cells

Question 3

Which of the following is not a mechanism for the development of autoimmune disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation followed by the appearance of membrane proteins not previously present 
B)  exposure of previously "hidden" self- antigens to the adaptive immune system 
C)  a second exposure to an allergen 
D)  cross- reaction of antibodies formed against foreign antigens with self- antigens 
A)  mutation followed by the appearance of membrane proteins not previously present 
B)  exposure of previously "hidden" self- antigens to the adaptive immune system 
C)  a second exposure to an allergen 
D)  cross- reaction of antibodies formed against foreign antigens with self- antigens

Question 4

Select the correct statement about antigens.

Accepted Answer

A)  One antigen may have many different antigenic determinants and may therefore cause the formation of more than one antibody. 
B)  Only small antigens exhibit reactivity. 
C)  The largest type of antigen is called a hapten. 
D)  "Self- antigens" is another name for incomplete antigens. 
A)  One antigen may have many different antigenic determinants and may therefore cause the formation of more than one antibody. 
B)  Only small antigens exhibit reactivity. 
C)  The largest type of antigen is called a hapten. 
D)  "Self- antigens" is another name for incomplete antigens.

Question 5

Regulatory T cells .

Accepted Answer

A)  aid B cells in antibody production 
B)  release cytokines that increase the activity of cytotoxic T cells and activated B cells 
C)  may function in preventing autoimmune reactions 
D)  decrease their activity as antigenic stimulus decreases 
A)  aid B cells in antibody production 
B)  release cytokines that increase the activity of cytotoxic T cells and activated B cells 
C)  may function in preventing autoimmune reactions 
D)  decrease their activity as antigenic stimulus decreases

Question 6

Which of the following statements is a false or incorrect statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  The lymphoid organs where lymphocytes become immunocompetent are called primary lymph organs. All other lymphoid organs are referred to as secondary lymphoid organs. 
B)  T cells and B cells become activated when they bind with recognized antigens. 
C)  After becoming immunocompetent, the naive T cells and B cells are exported to the bone marrow where the encounters with antigens occur. 
D)  It is our genes, not antigens, that determine what specific foreign substances our immune system will be able to recognize and resist. 
A)  The lymphoid organs where lymphocytes become immunocompetent are called primary lymph organs. All other lymphoid organs are referred to as secondary lymphoid organs. 
B)  T cells and B cells become activated when they bind with recognized antigens. 
C)  After becoming immunocompetent, the naive T cells and B cells are exported to the bone marrow where the encounters with antigens occur. 
D)  It is our genes, not antigens, that determine what specific foreign substances our immune system will be able to recognize and resist.

Question 7

What are the signs of inflammation, and how does inflammation serve as a protective function?

Accepted Answer

The four signs of inflammation are swell

Question 8

B cells respond to the initial antigen challenge by .

Accepted Answer

A)  producing progeny cells that include plasma cells and memory cells 
B)  forming of a large number of cells that are unlike the original B cell 
C)  immediately producing antigen- specific antibodies 
D)  reducing its size 
A)  producing progeny cells that include plasma cells and memory cells 
B)  forming of a large number of cells that are unlike the original B cell 
C)  immediately producing antigen- specific antibodies 
D)  reducing its size

Question 9

Failure of developing T cells to recognize self MHC during positive selection results in
.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Failure of developing T cells to recognize...

Question 10

Anaphylactic shock can result from an immediate hypersensitivity where the allergen enters the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Figure 21.2Using Figure 21.2, match the following:
-Area where antigen challenge and clonal selection are most likely to occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 21.2Using Figure 21.2, match...

Question 12

Fever .

Accepted Answer

A)  causes the liver to release large amounts of iron, which seems to inhibit bacterial replication 
B)  production is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher setting 
C)  decreases the metabolic rate of the body to conserve energy 
D)  is a higher- than- normal body temperature that is always dangerous 
A)  causes the liver to release large amounts of iron, which seems to inhibit bacterial replication 
B)  production is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher setting 
C)  decreases the metabolic rate of the body to conserve energy 
D)  is a higher- than- normal body temperature that is always dangerous

Question 13

Clonal selection of B cells .

Accepted Answer

A)  results in the formation of plasma cells 
B)  occurs during fetal development 
C)  only occurs in the secondary immune response 
D)  cannot occur in the presence of antigens 
A)  results in the formation of plasma cells 
B)  occurs during fetal development 
C)  only occurs in the secondary immune response 
D)  cannot occur in the presence of antigens

Question 14

A transfusion reaction is a subacute hypersensitivity to foreign red blood cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is not characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is specific for a given organ. 
B)  It is antigen- specific. 
C)  It is systemic. 
D)  It has memory. 
A)  It is specific for a given organ. 
B)  It is antigen- specific. 
C)  It is systemic. 
D)  It has memory.

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding NK cells is a false or incorrect statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  NK cells are present in the blood, spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow. 
B)  NK cells attack cancer cells and virus- infected body cells. 
C)  NK cells are a type of neutrophil. 
D)  NK cells attack cells that display abnormal MHC antigens. 
A)  NK cells are present in the blood, spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow. 
B)  NK cells attack cancer cells and virus- infected body cells. 
C)  NK cells are a type of neutrophil. 
D)  NK cells attack cells that display abnormal MHC antigens.

Question 17

Figure 21.2Using Figure 21.2, match the following:
-Area where activated immunocompetent B and T cells recirculate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of   Figure 21.2Using Figure 21.2, match...

Question 18

Which statement is true about T cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Once activated, they cannot secrete cytokines. 
B)  They usually directly recognize antigens, which then activates a subpopulation of killer cells. 
C)  Their proliferation is enhanced by interleukins 1 and 2. 
D)  They will develop into cytotoxic T cells if antigen is complexed with class II MHC proteins. 
A)  Once activated, they cannot secrete cytokines. 
B)  They usually directly recognize antigens, which then activates a subpopulation of killer cells. 
C)  Their proliferation is enhanced by interleukins 1 and 2. 
D)  They will develop into cytotoxic T cells if antigen is complexed with class II MHC proteins.

Question 19

Select the correct definition about tissue grafts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Autografts are between two genetically identical individuals. 
B)  Xenografts are between individuals of the same species. 
C)  Isografts are between identical twins. 
D)  Allografts are between different species. 
A)  Autografts are between two genetically identical individuals. 
B)  Xenografts are between individuals of the same species. 
C)  Isografts are between identical twins. 
D)  Allografts are between different species.

Question 20

The mechanism of the "lethal hit" of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells involves a protein called perforin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives

Fever is seldom beneficial because it speeds up the cellular metabolic rate and will not allow antigen- antibody reactions to occur.

Interferons .

Which of the following is not a mechanism for the development of autoimmune disorders?

Select the correct statement about antigens.

Regulatory T cells .

Which of the following statements is a false or incorrect statement?

What are the signs of inflammation, and how does inflammation serve as a protective function?

B cells respond to the initial antigen challenge by .

Failure of developing T cells to recognize self MHC during positive selection results in .

Anaphylactic shock can result from an immediate hypersensitivity where the allergen enters the blood.

Figure 21.2Using Figure 21.2, match the following: -Area where antigen challenge and clonal selection are most likely to occur.

Fever .

Clonal selection of B cells .

A transfusion reaction is a subacute hypersensitivity to foreign red blood cells.

Which of the following is not characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

Which of the following statements regarding NK cells is a false or incorrect statement?

Figure 21.2Using Figure 21.2, match the following: -Area where activated immunocompetent B and T cells recirculate.

Which statement is true about T cells?

Select the correct definition about tissue grafts.

The mechanism of the "lethal hit" of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells involves a protein called perforin.

The Human Body: an Orientation

Chemistry Comes Alive

Cells: the Living Units

Tissue: the Living Fabric

The Integumentary System

Bones and Skeletal Tissues

The Skeleton

Joints

Muscles and Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity

The Autonomic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Pregnancy and Human Development

Heredity

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