Question 1

Which of these animals use gills to respire?

Accepted Answer

A)  Earthworms 
B)  Insects 
C)  Jellyfishes 
D)  Spiders 
E)  Tadpoles 
A)  Earthworms 
B)  Insects 
C)  Jellyfishes 
D)  Spiders 
E)  Tadpoles

Question 2

Air flow into and out of the lungs is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  bulk flow. 
E)  diffusion. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  bulk flow. 
E)  diffusion.

Question 3

Smoker's cough is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon monoxide irritation in the throat. 
B)  nicotine exposure. 
C)  dehydration of respiratory passages. 
D)  an accumulation of mucus. 
E)  emphysema. 
A)  carbon monoxide irritation in the throat. 
B)  nicotine exposure. 
C)  dehydration of respiratory passages. 
D)  an accumulation of mucus. 
E)  emphysema.

Question 4

Why is gas exchange in an aquatic environment more challenging than gas exchange in the air?

Accepted Answer

A)  The large surface area of gills makes them more susceptible to drying out. 
B)  Less oxygen is available in water than in air. 
C)  Carbon dioxide is eliminated by active transport in an aquatic environment. 
D)  The countercurrent exchange process limits the amount of oxygen that can be extracted from water. 
E)  Gills have a poor blood supply. 
A)  The large surface area of gills makes them more susceptible to drying out. 
B)  Less oxygen is available in water than in air. 
C)  Carbon dioxide is eliminated by active transport in an aquatic environment. 
D)  The countercurrent exchange process limits the amount of oxygen that can be extracted from water. 
E)  Gills have a poor blood supply.

Question 5

Hemoglobin is a respiratory protein. Its function is to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood. 
B)  attract lymphocytes to damaged tissues. 
C)  provide structural integrity to red blood cells. 
D)  remove toxins from plasma. 
E)  assist in blood clotting. 
A)  increase the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood. 
B)  attract lymphocytes to damaged tissues. 
C)  provide structural integrity to red blood cells. 
D)  remove toxins from plasma. 
E)  assist in blood clotting.

Question 6

Compare the way most oxygen is carried in the blood with the way most carbon dioxide is carried.

Accepted Answer

Most oxygen is bound to hemogl

Question 7

What is the function of surfactant?

Accepted Answer

A)  It prevents the alveoli from sticking together and collapsing. 
B)  It enhances contraction of the inspiratory muscles. 
C)  It increases alveolar expansion. 
D)  It stimulates activity of the cilia lining the walls of the alveoli. 
E)  It increases surface tension. 
A)  It prevents the alveoli from sticking together and collapsing. 
B)  It enhances contraction of the inspiratory muscles. 
C)  It increases alveolar expansion. 
D)  It stimulates activity of the cilia lining the walls of the alveoli. 
E)  It increases surface tension.

Question 8

Sea jellies lack specialized organs for gas exchange because

Accepted Answer

A)  they use their circulatory system to deliver oxygen to their cells. 
B)  their digestive system eliminates carbon dioxide. 
C)  their tissues have low energy demands. 
D)  they don't need oxygen. 
A)  they use their circulatory system to deliver oxygen to their cells. 
B)  their digestive system eliminates carbon dioxide. 
C)  their tissues have low energy demands. 
D)  they don't need oxygen.

Question 9

How are cellular respiration and organismal respiration related?

Accepted Answer

Cells carry out cellular respi

Question 10

Most of the oxygen in the blood is transported

Accepted Answer

A)  combined with carbon dioxide. 
B)  by white blood cells. 
C)  as bicarbonate ions. 
D)  bound to hemoglobin. 
E)  in the plasma. 
A)  combined with carbon dioxide. 
B)  by white blood cells. 
C)  as bicarbonate ions. 
D)  bound to hemoglobin. 
E)  in the plasma.

Question 11

Fish gills consist of a series of

Accepted Answer

A)  opercula. 
B)  parabronchi. 
C)  spiracles. 
D)  interconnected bronchioles. 
E)  filaments. 
A)  opercula. 
B)  parabronchi. 
C)  spiracles. 
D)  interconnected bronchioles. 
E)  filaments.

Question 12

Why does a typical fish die quickly when it is removed from water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gills split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, which is used for cellular respiration. 
B)  Water contains more oxygen, per unit volume, than does air. 
C)  Oxygen diffuses more rapidly in water than it does in air. 
D)  The gills collapse and dry out in the air. 
A)  Gills split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen, which is used for cellular respiration. 
B)  Water contains more oxygen, per unit volume, than does air. 
C)  Oxygen diffuses more rapidly in water than it does in air. 
D)  The gills collapse and dry out in the air.

Question 13

Describe how fishes are able to extract oxygen from water.

Accepted Answer

Countercurrent exchange occurs

Question 14

When a cell is active, the levels of carbon dioxide are inside the cell than outside the cell, causing the gas to diffuse out of the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a cell is active, the levels...

Question 15

Which of the following structures serves as a passageway for both air and food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharynx 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Trachea 
D)  Bronchi 
E)  Bronchioles 
A)  Pharynx 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Trachea 
D)  Bronchi 
E)  Bronchioles

Question 16

Which of these structures is analogous in function to the alveoli of humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spiracles of a grasshopper 
B)  Skin of an alligator 
C)  Parabronchi of a bird 
D)  Operculum of a fish 
E)  Trachea of a frog 
A)  Spiracles of a grasshopper 
B)  Skin of an alligator 
C)  Parabronchi of a bird 
D)  Operculum of a fish 
E)  Trachea of a frog

Question 17

Which of these structures is analogous in function to the tracheoles of insects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gills of a fish 
B)  Skin of an earthworm 
C)  Bronchi of a human 
D)  Body surface of a flatworm 
A)  Gills of a fish 
B)  Skin of an earthworm 
C)  Bronchi of a human 
D)  Body surface of a flatworm

Question 18

You are a veterinarian working for the San Diego Zoo. Today, you are performing an autopsy on a 22.7- gram frog and a 21.2- gram lizard, both of which appear to have died of a respiratory infection. Why are you not surprised to find that the lungs of the lizard have a larger internal surface area than those of the frog?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lizards have a higher metabolic rate than frogs. 
B)  Lizards have dry, scaly skin, whereas frogs have thin, moist skin. 
C)  Lizards are more susceptible than frogs to atmospheric pollutants. 
D)  Lizards lay shelled eggs on land, whereas frogs lay jelly- like eggs in water. 
E)  The lizard is larger than the frog. 
A)  Lizards have a higher metabolic rate than frogs. 
B)  Lizards have dry, scaly skin, whereas frogs have thin, moist skin. 
C)  Lizards are more susceptible than frogs to atmospheric pollutants. 
D)  Lizards lay shelled eggs on land, whereas frogs lay jelly- like eggs in water. 
E)  The lizard is larger than the frog.

Question 19

What effect does smoking have on the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Smoke paralyzes the

Question 20

The respiratory control center consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  a group of highly modified cells located in the hypothalamus. 
B)  the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. 
C)  the alveoli. 
D)  a cluster of nerve cells in the lungs. 
E)  a cluster of nerve cells in the medulla. 
A)  a group of highly modified cells located in the hypothalamus. 
B)  the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. 
C)  the alveoli. 
D)  a cluster of nerve cells in the lungs. 
E)  a cluster of nerve cells in the medulla.

Exam 34: Respiration

Which of these animals use gills to respire?

Air flow into and out of the lungs is an example of

Smoker's cough is the result of

Why is gas exchange in an aquatic environment more challenging than gas exchange in the air?

Hemoglobin is a respiratory protein. Its function is to

Compare the way most oxygen is carried in the blood with the way most carbon dioxide is carried.

What is the function of surfactant?

Sea jellies lack specialized organs for gas exchange because

How are cellular respiration and organismal respiration related?

Most of the oxygen in the blood is transported

Fish gills consist of a series of

Why does a typical fish die quickly when it is removed from water?

Describe how fishes are able to extract oxygen from water.

When a cell is active, the levels of carbon dioxide are inside the cell than outside the cell, causing the gas to diffuse out of the cell.

Which of the following structures serves as a passageway for both air and food?

Which of these structures is analogous in function to the alveoli of humans?

Which of these structures is analogous in function to the tracheoles of insects?

What effect does smoking have on the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract?

The respiratory control center consists of

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters