Question 1

Which technique is NOT commonly used to study oligosaccharide structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  x-ray crystallography 
B)  matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy (MALDI-MS) 
C)  nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 
D)  complete chemical synthesis 
E)  oligosaccharide microarrays 
A)  x-ray crystallography 
B)  matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy (MALDI-MS) 
C)  nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 
D)  complete chemical synthesis 
E)  oligosaccharide microarrays

Question 2

From the abbreviated name of the compound Gal($\beta$1 $\rightarrow$  4)Glc, we know that:

Accepted Answer

A)  C-4 of glucose is joined to C-1 of galactose by a glycosidic bond. 
B)  the compound is a D-enantiomer. 
C)  the galactose residue is at the reducing end. 
D)  the glucose is in its pyranose form. 
E)  the glucose residue is the $\beta$ anomer. 
A)  C-4 of glucose is joined to C-1 of galactose by a glycosidic bond. 
B)  the compound is a D-enantiomer. 
C)  the galactose residue is at the reducing end. 
D)  the glucose is in its pyranose form. 
E)  the glucose residue is the $\beta$ anomer.

Question 3

The antiviral drugs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) do NOT work by:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting the viral enzyme that trims the host cell's oligosaccharides. 
B)  causing the viral particles to aggregate. 
C)  competing with the host cell's oligosaccharides for binding. 
D)  preventing the release of viruses from the infected cell. 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  inhibiting the viral enzyme that trims the host cell's oligosaccharides. 
B)  causing the viral particles to aggregate. 
C)  competing with the host cell's oligosaccharides for binding. 
D)  preventing the release of viruses from the infected cell. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 4

A solution of the heteropolysaccharide _____ can be heated and cooled to form a three-dimensional matrix that traps water and supports the electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  dextrose 
B)  agarose 
C)  glycosaminoglycans 
D)  amylose 
E)  cellulose 
A)  dextrose 
B)  agarose 
C)  glycosaminoglycans 
D)  amylose 
E)  cellulose

Question 5

Oligosaccharides differ from nucleic acids and proteins in that oligosaccharides are commonly:

Accepted Answer

A)  branched. 
B)  polymeric. 
C)  acidic. 
D)  basic. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  branched. 
B)  polymeric. 
C)  acidic. 
D)  basic. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 6

Which disaccharide does NOT have an anomeric carbon available for oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glc ($\alpha$1$\leftrightarrow$ 1$\alpha$) Glc 
B)  Glc ($\alpha$1$\leftrightarrow$ 2$\beta$) Fru 
C)  Fru ($\beta$2$\leftrightarrow$ 1$\alpha$) Glc 
D)  both Glc ($\alpha$1$\leftrightarrow$ 2$\beta$) Fru and Fru ($\beta$2$\leftrightarrow$ 1$\alpha$) Glc 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Glc ($\alpha$1$\leftrightarrow$ 1$\alpha$) Glc 
B)  Glc ($\alpha$1$\leftrightarrow$ 2$\beta$) Fru 
C)  Fru ($\beta$2$\leftrightarrow$ 1$\alpha$) Glc 
D)  both Glc ($\alpha$1$\leftrightarrow$ 2$\beta$) Fru and Fru ($\beta$2$\leftrightarrow$ 1$\alpha$) Glc 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Which statement about free glucose storage is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose is insoluble and cannot contribute to the osmotic balance of the cell. 
B)  Glycogen has an intracellular concentration of 0.1$\mu$M, equivalent to a glucose concentration of 0.4 M. 
C)  The free energy difference between intra- and extracellular free glucose would be difficult to overcome for glucose uptake by the cell. 
D)  The concentration gradient of intra- and extracellular glucose would be prohibitively large. 
E)  All statements are true. 
A)  Glucose is insoluble and cannot contribute to the osmotic balance of the cell. 
B)  Glycogen has an intracellular concentration of 0.1$\mu$M, equivalent to a glucose concentration of 0.4 M. 
C)  The free energy difference between intra- and extracellular free glucose would be difficult to overcome for glucose uptake by the cell. 
D)  The concentration gradient of intra- and extracellular glucose would be prohibitively large. 
E)  All statements are true.

Question 8

Which of the following monosaccharides is NOT an aldose?

Accepted Answer

A)  erythrose 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose 
D)  glyceraldehyde 
E)  ribose 
A)  erythrose 
B)  fructose 
C)  glucose 
D)  glyceraldehyde 
E)  ribose

Question 9

Which statement about hydrogen bonding in glycogen and cellulose is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycogen forms more internal H-bonds than cellulose. 
B)  Extensive internal hydrogen bonding makes cellulose more water soluble than glycogen. 
C)  Extensive hydrogen bonding with water makes cellulose more soluble than glycogen. 
D)  Glycogen primarily forms hydrogen bonds within a single chain. 
E)  The hydrogen bonding in cellulose favors a helical conformation. 
A)  Glycogen forms more internal H-bonds than cellulose. 
B)  Extensive internal hydrogen bonding makes cellulose more water soluble than glycogen. 
C)  Extensive hydrogen bonding with water makes cellulose more soluble than glycogen. 
D)  Glycogen primarily forms hydrogen bonds within a single chain. 
E)  The hydrogen bonding in cellulose favors a helical conformation.

Which technique is NOT commonly used to study oligosaccharide structures?

From the abbreviated name of the compound Gal( $\beta$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 4)Glc, we know that:

The antiviral drugs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) do NOT work by:

A solution of the heteropolysaccharide _____ can be heated and cooled to form a three-dimensional matrix that traps water and supports the electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids.

Oligosaccharides differ from nucleic acids and proteins in that oligosaccharides are commonly:

Which disaccharide does NOT have an anomeric carbon available for oxidation?

Which statement about free glucose storage is FALSE?

Which of the following monosaccharides is NOT an aldose?

Which statement about hydrogen bonding in glycogen and cellulose is TRUE?

The Foundations of Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

DNA-Based Information Technologies

Lipids

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types

Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Hormonal Regulation and Integration of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

DNA Metabolism

RNA Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Exam 7: Carbohydrates and Glycobiology

Which technique is NOT commonly used to study oligosaccharide structures?

From the abbreviated name of the compound Gal( β\betaβ 1 →\rightarrow→ 4)Glc, we know that:

The antiviral drugs oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) do NOT work by:

A solution of the heteropolysaccharide _____ can be heated and cooled to form a three-dimensional matrix that traps water and supports the electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids.

Oligosaccharides differ from nucleic acids and proteins in that oligosaccharides are commonly:

Which disaccharide does NOT have an anomeric carbon available for oxidation?

Which statement about free glucose storage is FALSE?

Which of the following monosaccharides is NOT an aldose?

Which statement about hydrogen bonding in glycogen and cellulose is TRUE?

The Foundations of Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function

Enzymes

Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

DNA-Based Information Technologies

Lipids

Biological Membranes and Transport

Biosignaling

Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types

Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Principles of Metabolic Regulation

The Citric Acid Cycle

Fatty Acid Catabolism

Amino Acid Oxidation and the Production of Urea

Oxidative Phosphorylation and Photophosphorylation

Carbohydrate Biosynthesis in Plants and Bacteria

Lipid Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Nucleotides, and Related Molecules

Hormonal Regulation and Integration of Mammalian Metabolism

Genes and Chromosomes

DNA Metabolism

RNA Metabolism

Protein Metabolism

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

From the abbreviated name of the compound Gal( $\beta$ 1 $\rightarrow$ 4)Glc, we know that: