Question 1

Which graph below illustrates F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV

Question 2

Which statement A-D, regarding the activity of a radioactive sample, is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The activity of a sample is the number of decay events per second. 
B) The activity depends on a rate constant for the decay and the amount of the radioisotope in the sample. 
C) Radioactive decay follows first-order reaction kinetics. 
D) The activity will decrease to half its initial value in a time equal to ln(2)/k, where k is the rate constant. 
E) A-D are all correct. 
A) The activity of a sample is the number of decay events per second. 
B) The activity depends on a rate constant for the decay and the amount of the radioisotope in the sample. 
C) Radioactive decay follows first-order reaction kinetics. 
D) The activity will decrease to half its initial value in a time equal to ln(2)/k, where k is the rate constant. 
E) A-D are all correct.

Question 3

When a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay, the new mass number is ________

Accepted Answer

A) always less than the original mass number. 
B) always the same as the original mass number. 
C) always more than the original mass number. 
D) never less than the original mass number. 
E) never more than the original mass number. 
A) always less than the original mass number. 
B) always the same as the original mass number. 
C) always more than the original mass number. 
D) never less than the original mass number. 
E) never more than the original mass number.

Question 4

It is interesting to compare the energy produced by fusion to that produced by combustion. When carbon burns to produce carbon dioxide, 395 kJ/mol of energy is released. Approximately how much greater is the energy per mole of deuterium that is released in the following fusion process: 2H F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2H F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4He? The atomic masses are 2.0104 g/mol for deuterium and 4.0026 g/mol for helium.
Be sure to keep track of the units and get them correct; remember, 1 kJ = 1,000 kg m2/s2.

Accepted Answer

A) 102 
B) 104 
C) 106 
D) 108 
E) 1010 
A) 102 
B) 104 
C) 106 
D) 108 
E) 1010

Question 5

The dominant mechanism through which radiation damages biological tissue and living organisms is by ________

Accepted Answer

A) overheating the tissue. 
B) making the tissue radioactive. 
C) directly breaking bonds in DNA. 
D) directly ionizing biological molecules. 
E) ionizing water and producing hydroxy radicals. 
A) overheating the tissue. 
B) making the tissue radioactive. 
C) directly breaking bonds in DNA. 
D) directly ionizing biological molecules. 
E) ionizing water and producing hydroxy radicals.

Question 6

Why is a nuclear power plant not in danger of producing a nuclear explosion?

Accepted Answer

A) Control rods are in place that absorb all the neutrons. 
B) The uranium-235 fuel is not pure enough. 
C) The uranium-235 fuel is kept cool by a cooling system. 
D) The uranium-235 fuel is not able to produce an explosive chain reaction. 
E) Nuclear explosions can only occur through fusion, not fission. 
A) Control rods are in place that absorb all the neutrons. 
B) The uranium-235 fuel is not pure enough. 
C) The uranium-235 fuel is kept cool by a cooling system. 
D) The uranium-235 fuel is not able to produce an explosive chain reaction. 
E) Nuclear explosions can only occur through fusion, not fission.

Question 7

Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon for the beryllium-8 isotope. Here are some helpful data:

Accepted Answer

A) 1.2035 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F106 J/nucleon 
B) 1.08479 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F109 J/nucleon 
C) 1.1317 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F1012 J/nucleon 
D) 8.7266 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F1012 J/nucleon 
E) 1.08479 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F1015 J/nucleon 
A) 1.2035 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F106 J/nucleon 
B) 1.08479 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F109 J/nucleon 
C) 1.1317 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F1012 J/nucleon 
D) 8.7266 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F1012 J/nucleon 
E) 1.08479 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 10 F1F1F1S1F1F1F1015 J/nucleon

Question 8

Which graph below illustrates neutron capture followed by F1F1F1S1F1F1F10decay?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV

Question 9

The activity of a radioactive sample is the number of decay events per second. The SI unit of activity is the becquerel (1 Bq = 1/s). An older unit for activity is the curie (1 Ci = 3.70 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 1010/s). What is the activity in F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Ci of a sample with an activity of 2.1   105 Bq of radiation?

Accepted Answer

5.7 F1F1F1

Question 10

Identify the process that converts a neutron into a proton.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the process that converts a neutron...

Question 11

Which of the following units is used to quantify the biological effects of radiation?

Accepted Answer

A) Curies 
B) Rems 
C) Rads 
D) becquerels 
E) joules 
A) Curies 
B) Rems 
C) Rads 
D) becquerels 
E) joules

Question 12

Fill in the missing nuclide to balance the following nuclear equation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 13

Hydrogen fusion always produces ________

Accepted Answer

A) an increase of mass number. 
B) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles.) 
C) a new element. 
D) a change in the atomic number. 
E) positrons. 
A) an increase of mass number. 
B) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles.) 
C) a new element. 
D) a change in the atomic number. 
E) positrons.

Question 14

Uranium-235 is the fuel in nuclear power plants. When a nucleus of uranium-235 captures a neutron, the nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei and initiates a chain reaction. The chain reaction is driven by the emission of ________

Accepted Answer

A) protons. 
B) neutrons. 
C) positrons. 
D) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles.) 
E) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles.) 
A) protons. 
B) neutrons. 
C) positrons. 
D) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles.) 
E) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles.)

Question 15

In 1989, two prominent electrochemists, Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann, erroneously proposed that they had observed cold fusion, which was the term used to describe anomalously high energy generation associated with the electrolysis of deuterium oxide (D2O or heavy water). Calculate the energy released when deuterium nuclides (2.013553 u) combine to produce 1 mol of helium nuclide (4.001506 u). (u = atomic mass unit)

Accepted Answer

A) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 106 kJ 
B) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 107 kJ 
C) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 108 kJ 
D) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 109 kJ 
E) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 1010 kJ 
A) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 106 kJ 
B) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 107 kJ 
C) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 108 kJ 
D) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 109 kJ 
E) 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 1010 kJ

Question 16

The first step in the disintegration of uranium is   . What particle is emitted in this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particle) 
B) neutron 
C) proton 
D) electron 
E) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 ray) 
A) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particle) 
B) neutron 
C) proton 
D) electron 
E) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 ray)

Question 17

Which of the following are devices that can be used to detect or measure radioactivity levels?

Accepted Answer

A) scintillation counters 
B) chromatographs 
C) Geiger counters 
D) both A and C 
E) both B and C 
A) scintillation counters 
B) chromatographs 
C) Geiger counters 
D) both A and C 
E) both B and C

Question 18

Which graph below illustrates positron emission?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV

Question 19

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is 1.0 minute. In an experiment, the number of decay events was monitored in 1-minute intervals over a 5-minute period. What would you predict for the most likely observations if 50 decay events were observed in the first minute? In the second minute, ________ events were observed, and in the last minute, ________ events were observed.

Accepted Answer

A) 50; 50 
B) 25; 3 
C) 25; 25 
D) 50; 100 
E) 25; 13 
A) 50; 50 
B) 25; 3 
C) 25; 25 
D) 50; 100 
E) 25; 13

Question 20

Which type of radiation does the most tissue damage, but only when the emitter is internally ingested?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) neutron 
E) positron 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) neutron 
E) positron

Which graph below illustrates  decay?

Which statement A-D, regarding the activity of a radioactive sample, is not correct?

When a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay, the new mass number is ________

The dominant mechanism through which radiation damages biological tissue and living organisms is by ________

Why is a nuclear power plant not in danger of producing a nuclear explosion?

Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon for the beryllium-8 isotope. Here are some helpful data:

Which graph below illustrates neutron capture followed by decay?

The activity of a radioactive sample is the number of decay events per second. The SI unit of activity is the becquerel (1 Bq = 1/s). An older unit for activity is the curie (1 Ci = 3.70  10¹⁰/s). What is the activity in  Ci of a sample with an activity of 2.1 10⁵ Bq of radiation?

Identify the process that converts a neutron into a proton.

Which of the following units is used to quantify the biological effects of radiation?

Fill in the missing nuclide to balance the following nuclear equation.

Hydrogen fusion always produces ________

Uranium-235 is the fuel in nuclear power plants. When a nucleus of uranium-235 captures a neutron, the nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei and initiates a chain reaction. The chain reaction is driven by the emission of ________

The first step in the disintegration of uranium is . What particle is emitted in this reaction?

Which of the following are devices that can be used to detect or measure radioactivity levels?

Which graph below illustrates positron emission?

Which type of radiation does the most tissue damage, but only when the emitter is internally ingested?

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solids: Crystals, Alloys, and Polymers

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Atmosphere

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acidbase Equilibria: Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Additional Aqueous Equilibria: Chemistry and the Oceans

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: The Quest for Clean Energy

Organic and Biological Molecules: the Compounds of Life

The Main Group Elements: Life and the Periodic Table

Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

Filters

Exam 19: Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

Which graph below illustrates  decay?

Which statement A-D, regarding the activity of a radioactive sample, is not correct?

When a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay, the new mass number is ________

The dominant mechanism through which radiation damages biological tissue and living organisms is by ________

Why is a nuclear power plant not in danger of producing a nuclear explosion?

Calculate the nuclear binding energy per nucleon for the beryllium-8 isotope. Here are some helpful data:

Which graph below illustrates neutron capture followed by decay?

The activity of a radioactive sample is the number of decay events per second. The SI unit of activity is the becquerel (1 Bq = 1/s). An older unit for activity is the curie (1 Ci = 3.70  1010/s). What is the activity in  Ci of a sample with an activity of 2.1 105 Bq of radiation?

Identify the process that converts a neutron into a proton.

Which of the following units is used to quantify the biological effects of radiation?

Fill in the missing nuclide to balance the following nuclear equation.

Hydrogen fusion always produces ________

Uranium-235 is the fuel in nuclear power plants. When a nucleus of uranium-235 captures a neutron, the nucleus splits into two lighter nuclei and initiates a chain reaction. The chain reaction is driven by the emission of ________

The first step in the disintegration of uranium is . What particle is emitted in this reaction?

Which of the following are devices that can be used to detect or measure radioactivity levels?

Which graph below illustrates positron emission?

Which type of radiation does the most tissue damage, but only when the emitter is internally ingested?

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solids: Crystals, Alloys, and Polymers

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Atmosphere

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acidbase Equilibria: Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Additional Aqueous Equilibria: Chemistry and the Oceans

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: The Quest for Clean Energy

Organic and Biological Molecules: the Compounds of Life

The Main Group Elements: Life and the Periodic Table

Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

Filters

The activity of a radioactive sample is the number of decay events per second. The SI unit of activity is the becquerel (1 Bq = 1/s). An older unit for activity is the curie (1 Ci = 3.70  10¹⁰/s). What is the activity in  Ci of a sample with an activity of 2.1 10⁵ Bq of radiation?