Exam 20: Organic and Biological Molecules: the Compounds of Life

The human body can synthesize 12 of the 20 amino acids necessary for survival, but the other 8 must be obtained from food. These amino acids are called ________ amino acids.

A subunit of an organic compound that confers particular chemical and physical properties is termed ________

Which of these functional groups does not contain a carbonyl group?

Identify the type of amines (primary, secondary, tertiary) present in the following molecule.

At a physiological pH of 7.4, which of the following would be an accurate representation of the structure of the amino acid serine?

Which one of the following is best associated with proteins?

The tricarboxylic acid cycle (a.k.a. Krebs cycle) ________

Which functional group is found in the following molecule?

The active ingredient, sucralose, in an artificial sweetener, Splenda, is shown below. Sucralose is advertised as being made from table sugar. What is the main difference between sucrose (table sugar) and sucralose?

Explain why, in terms of their molecular structure, saturated and trans fats are considered to be unhealthy.

The molecule drawn below is an example of ________

Identify each of the chiral centers in the following ibuprofen derivative, an over-the-counter medicine used to treat pain relief.

Transcription is the process of ________

RNA contains the sugar ________ and the base ________.

Which region(s) of the following phospholipid is/are hydrophobic?

Triglycerides are formed between ________

For each of the bonds in the following unsaturated fatty acid shown below, identify whether the bond is cis, trans, or neither cis nor trans.

This molecule, like cholesterol, is ________

Malt is needed to produce good beer. Beer and other liquors are produced by hydrolyzing and fermenting grains such as corn, barley, and wheat. Maltose is a disaccharide produced when starch obtained from grains is hydrolyzed. What are the two saccharides that comprise maltose?

The cyclization reaction of fructose is different from that of glucose because ________