Question 1

An amino acid is composed of ________

Accepted Answer

A) ammonia and a carboxylic acid group. 
B) an amine and a carboxylic acid group. 
C) an amine and an alcohol group. 
D) an amine and a sulfonic acid group. 
E) an amide and a hydrochloric acid group. 
A) ammonia and a carboxylic acid group. 
B) an amine and a carboxylic acid group. 
C) an amine and an alcohol group. 
D) an amine and a sulfonic acid group. 
E) an amide and a hydrochloric acid group.

Question 2

Which type of noncovalent interaction supports the double helix of DNA and produces the base pairings A-T and G- C?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonding 
B) London dispersion forces 
C) dipole-dipole forces 
D) ion-ion interactions 
E) ion-dipole interactions 
A) hydrogen bonding 
B) London dispersion forces 
C) dipole-dipole forces 
D) ion-ion interactions 
E) ion-dipole interactions

Question 3

Does this molecule have both cis and trans isomers?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, this is the cis isomer. 
B) Yes, this is the trans isomer. 
C) No, it has only the cis isomer. 
D) No, it has only the trans isomer. 
E) No, this molecule does not have cis-trans isomerism. 
A) Yes, this is the cis isomer. 
B) Yes, this is the trans isomer. 
C) No, it has only the cis isomer. 
D) No, it has only the trans isomer. 
E) No, this molecule does not have cis-trans isomerism.

Question 4

Ranitidine, with a trade name of Zantac, is a drug that inhibits stomach acid production, preventing heartburn and acid indigestion. Identify the amine functional group(s) in ranitidine.

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) I and IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) I and IV

Question 5

Inhibitors can operate by
I.decreasing the concentration of a substrate.
II.binding at the enzyme active site, blocking reaction with substrate.
III.inducing a change in the protein structure by binding at a remote site.
IV.increasing the activation energy for a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) I and IV only 
B) I and III only 
C) II and III only 
D) II, III, and IV only 
E) All are correct. 
A) I and IV only 
B) I and III only 
C) II and III only 
D) II, III, and IV only 
E) All are correct.

Question 6

An enzyme catalyst is effective because it ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

lowers the activation energy t

Question 7

Both corn and corn stalks consist of polymers of glucose. The polymer in corn is amylose (starch), and the polymer in corn stalks is cellulose. We eat the corn and convert the amylose to ethanol for use as a fuel, and throw the corn stalks away or feed them to cattle. Why can't we obtain a larger economic benefit from the corn stalks? Mention the difference between amylose and cellulose in your response.

Accepted Answer

Glucose molecules are linked together in

Question 8

Describe a triglyceride.

Accepted Answer

A triglyceride is made by reac

Question 9

An oligopeptide consists of up to ________ amino acids that bond together.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 20 
C) 10 
D) 15 
E) 50 
A) 5 
B) 20 
C) 10 
D) 15 
E) 50

Question 10

Which statement best describes how these three molecules are related?

Accepted Answer

A) They are not related, they are different molecules. 
B) They are structural isomers. 
C) They are stereoisomers. 
D) They illustrate cis-trans isomerization. 
E) They are the same compound. 
A) They are not related, they are different molecules. 
B) They are structural isomers. 
C) They are stereoisomers. 
D) They illustrate cis-trans isomerization. 
E) They are the same compound.

Question 11

Which one of the following is a saturated fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 12

How many chiral centers are there in the following molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 13

What kind of a bond connects simple sugars to produce polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

an ether l

Question 14

Olestra is a commercial product used in processing typically high-fat foods such as potato chips. It produces the well-appreciated buttery flavor, but without adding fat or calories to the diet. How are these contradictory results possible?

Accepted Answer

Olestra has a cyclic structure of fatty

Question 15

Which of the following is/are amino acids?
I.   
II.  
III.  
IV.

Accepted Answer

A) III and IV 
B) I and II 
C) I only 
D) II only 
E) III only 
A) III and IV 
B) I and II 
C) I only 
D) II only 
E) III only

Question 16

Capsaicin, shown below, is one of the active components that gives hot peppers their extreme flavor. Identify the functional groups present in capsaicin.

Accepted Answer

There are

Question 17

What is the linkage that forms between two monosaccharides in a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) C- CH2 - C 
B) C- O - O - C 
C) C- O - C 
D) C- C   C   C 
E) C - N - C 
A) C- CH2 - C 
B) C- O - O - C 
C) C- O - C 
D) C- C   C   C 
E) C - N - C

Question 18

What is a codon and what role does a codon play in the synthesis of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotid

Question 19

Glucose is shown below. Number the carbon atoms 1-6 from top to bottom. In the cyclization reaction, a bond is formed to C-1 by an oxygen lone pair on the OH bonded to ________

Accepted Answer

A) C-2. 
B) C-4. 
C) C-5. 
D) C-6. 
E) C-3. 
A) C-2. 
B) C-4. 
C) C-5. 
D) C-6. 
E) C-3.

Question 20

What monomer is produced when starch is hydrolyzed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What monomer is produced when starch is...

Exam 20: Organic and Biological Molecules: the Compounds of Life

An amino acid is composed of ________

Which type of noncovalent interaction supports the double helix of DNA and produces the base pairings A-T and G- C?

Does this molecule have both cis and trans isomers?

Ranitidine, with a trade name of Zantac, is a drug that inhibits stomach acid production, preventing heartburn and acid indigestion. Identify the amine functional group(s) in ranitidine.

Inhibitors can operate by I.decreasing the concentration of a substrate. II.binding at the enzyme active site, blocking reaction with substrate. III.inducing a change in the protein structure by binding at a remote site. IV.increasing the activation energy for a reaction.

An enzyme catalyst is effective because it ________ and ________.

Describe a triglyceride.

An oligopeptide consists of up to ________ amino acids that bond together.

Which statement best describes how these three molecules are related?

Which one of the following is a saturated fatty acid?

How many chiral centers are there in the following molecule?

What kind of a bond connects simple sugars to produce polysaccharides?

Olestra is a commercial product used in processing typically high-fat foods such as potato chips. It produces the well-appreciated buttery flavor, but without adding fat or calories to the diet. How are these contradictory results possible?

Which of the following is/are amino acids? I. II. III. IV.

Capsaicin, shown below, is one of the active components that gives hot peppers their extreme flavor. Identify the functional groups present in capsaicin.

What is the linkage that forms between two monosaccharides in a polysaccharide?

What is a codon and what role does a codon play in the synthesis of proteins?

Glucose is shown below. Number the carbon atoms 1-6 from top to bottom. In the cyclization reaction, a bond is formed to C-1 by an oxygen lone pair on the OH bonded to ________

What monomer is produced when starch is hydrolyzed?

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solids: Crystals, Alloys, and Polymers

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Atmosphere

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acidbase Equilibria: Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Additional Aqueous Equilibria: Chemistry and the Oceans

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: The Quest for Clean Energy

Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

The Main Group Elements: Life and the Periodic Table

Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

Filters

An enzyme catalyst is effective because it and .