Question 1

Draw a generic nucleotide and label the three major portions of the molecule.

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& (Exact st

Question 2

Which structure contains the alkyne functional group?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 3

The following reaction is an example of ________

Accepted Answer

A) condensation. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) elimination. 
D) hydrolysis. 
E) peptolysis. 
A) condensation. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) elimination. 
D) hydrolysis. 
E) peptolysis.

Question 4

Indometacin is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, often used to treat tendinitis or gout in patients. Identify the carboxylic acid functional group(s) in indometacin.

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) III and IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
E) III and IV

Question 5

Identify how the bases and sugars that comprise DNA and RNA differ. You need not draw the structures, just provide the names.

Accepted Answer

Rather than the base thymine f

Question 6

Which of the following triglycerides would you most expect to be a liquid and the most healthy to use in cooking?

Accepted Answer

A) saturated fat 
B) trans monounsaturated fat 
C) trans polyunsaturated fat 
D) cis monounsaturated fat 
E) cis polyunsaturated fat 
A) saturated fat 
B) trans monounsaturated fat 
C) trans polyunsaturated fat 
D) cis monounsaturated fat 
E) cis polyunsaturated fat

Question 7

Which base is not present in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) adenine 
B) cytosine 
C) guanine 
D) thymine 
E) uracil 
A) adenine 
B) cytosine 
C) guanine 
D) thymine 
E) uracil

Question 8

A derivative of glycopyrollate, a medication often administered before a patient's surgery, is shown below. How many chiral centers are there in the molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 9

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) fructose 
B) glucose 
C) dextrose 
D) cellulose 
E) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-fructose) 
A) fructose 
B) glucose 
C) dextrose 
D) cellulose 
E) (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-fructose)

Question 10

A saturated fatty acid has ________

Accepted Answer

A) more than one carboxyl group. 
B) a long hydrocarbon chain containing C     C and C - C bonds. 
C) a long hydrocarbon chain containing only C - C bonds. 
D) a long hydrocarbon chain containing only C     C bonds. 
E) cis and trans isomers. 
A) more than one carboxyl group. 
B) a long hydrocarbon chain containing C     C and C - C bonds. 
C) a long hydrocarbon chain containing only C - C bonds. 
D) a long hydrocarbon chain containing only C     C bonds. 
E) cis and trans isomers.

Question 11

Identify the glycosidic linkage in the following molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) IV

Question 12

Which statement about chirality is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A) A molecule is chiral if it has a carbon atom bonded to four different groups. 
B) A molecule is chiral if it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. 
C) Almost all amino acids are chiral. 
D) In an amino acid, the F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-carbon is the chiral center. 
E) Chiral amino acids each have three enantiomers. 
A) A molecule is chiral if it has a carbon atom bonded to four different groups. 
B) A molecule is chiral if it cannot be superimposed on its mirror image. 
C) Almost all amino acids are chiral. 
D) In an amino acid, the F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-carbon is the chiral center. 
E) Chiral amino acids each have three enantiomers.

Question 13

What type of intermolecular bonding interaction is depicted below?

Accepted Answer

A) London dispersion forces 
B) hydrogen bonding 
C) dipole-dipole forces 
D) dipole-induced dipole interactions 
E) ion-dipole interactions 
A) London dispersion forces 
B) hydrogen bonding 
C) dipole-dipole forces 
D) dipole-induced dipole interactions 
E) ion-dipole interactions

Question 14

Which of the following molecules is/are chiral?

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I and II 
E) II and III 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) III only 
D) I and II 
E) II and III

Question 15

Which functional group is found in the following molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) aldehyde 
B) carboxylic acid 
C) ester 
D) ether 
E) ketone 
A) aldehyde 
B) carboxylic acid 
C) ester 
D) ether 
E) ketone

Question 16

Which of these molecules are structural isomers of n-octane (C8H18)?

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, and IV 
B) II and V 
C) only II has 8 carbon atoms in a chain 
D) III and IV 
E) I, II, III, IV, and V 
A) I, III, and IV 
B) II and V 
C) only II has 8 carbon atoms in a chain 
D) III and IV 
E) I, II, III, IV, and V

Question 17

Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to explain why amino acids have a zwitterion structure at a physiological pH of 7.4. The pKa values are less than 7 for the carboxylic acid group and greater than 7 for the protonated amino group in an amino acid.

Accepted Answer

pH F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 pK_aF1F1F1S1F1F1F10 l

Question 18

Which functional group links amino acids together to form proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) amide 
B) ester 
C) ether 
D) amine 
E) phosphate 
A) amide 
B) ester 
C) ether 
D) amine 
E) phosphate

Question 19

mRNA and tRNA are responsible for the synthesis of ________

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates. 
B) lipids. 
C) proteins. 
D) phospholipids. 
E) cells. 
A) carbohydrates. 
B) lipids. 
C) proteins. 
D) phospholipids. 
E) cells.

Question 20

In DNA, the base adenine can pair with ________

Accepted Answer

A) thymine. 
B) uracil. 
C) cytosine. 
D) guanine. 
E) adenine. 
A) thymine. 
B) uracil. 
C) cytosine. 
D) guanine. 
E) adenine.

Exam 20: Organic and Biological Molecules: the Compounds of Life

Draw a generic nucleotide and label the three major portions of the molecule.

Which structure contains the alkyne functional group?

The following reaction is an example of ________

Indometacin is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, often used to treat tendinitis or gout in patients. Identify the carboxylic acid functional group(s) in indometacin.

Identify how the bases and sugars that comprise DNA and RNA differ. You need not draw the structures, just provide the names.

Which of the following triglycerides would you most expect to be a liquid and the most healthy to use in cooking?

Which base is not present in DNA?

A derivative of glycopyrollate, a medication often administered before a patient's surgery, is shown below. How many chiral centers are there in the molecule?

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

A saturated fatty acid has ________

Identify the glycosidic linkage in the following molecule.

Which statement about chirality is not correct?

What type of intermolecular bonding interaction is depicted below?

Which of the following molecules is/are chiral?

Which functional group is found in the following molecule?

Which of these molecules are structural isomers of n-octane (C8H18)?

Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to explain why amino acids have a zwitterion structure at a physiological pH of 7.4. The pKa values are less than 7 for the carboxylic acid group and greater than 7 for the protonated amino group in an amino acid.

Which functional group links amino acids together to form proteins?

mRNA and tRNA are responsible for the synthesis of ________

In DNA, the base adenine can pair with ________

Matter and Energy: The Origin of the Universe

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules: Matter Starts Here

Stoichiometry: Mass, Formulas, and Reactions

Solution Chemistry: The Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry: Energy Changes in Reactions

Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe

A Quantum Model of Atoms: Waves and Particles

Chemical Bonds: What Makes a Gas a Greenhouse Gas

Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Intermolecular Forces: The Uniqueness of Water

Solutions: Properties and Behavior

Solids: Crystals, Alloys, and Polymers

Chemical Kinetics: Reactions in the Atmosphere

Chemical Equilibrium: How Much Product Does a Reaction Really Make

Acidbase Equilibria: Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Additional Aqueous Equilibria: Chemistry and the Oceans

Thermodynamics: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions and Processes

Electrochemistry: The Quest for Clean Energy

Nuclear Chemistry: Applications to Energy and Medicine

The Main Group Elements: Life and the Periodic Table

Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

Filters

Which of these molecules are structural isomers of n-octane (C₈H₁₈)?

Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to explain why amino acids have a zwitterion structure at a physiological pH of 7.4. The pK_a values are less than 7 for the carboxylic acid group and greater than 7 for the protonated amino group in an amino acid.