Question 1

What is the gEq weight of an acid?

Accepted Answer

A) amount of the acid containing 1 mol of replaceable H+ ions 
B) amount of the acid containing 1 mol of replaceable OH- ions 
C) gram atomic weight of the acid times its valence 
D) milligrams of acid per deciliter (dl) of normal solution 
A) amount of the acid containing 1 mol of replaceable H+ ions 
B) amount of the acid containing 1 mol of replaceable OH- ions 
C) gram atomic weight of the acid times its valence 
D) milligrams of acid per deciliter (dl) of normal solution

Question 2

An adult's insensible water loss averages what level?

Accepted Answer

A) 300 ml/day 
B) 500 ml/day 
C) 700 ml/day 
D) 900 ml/day 
A) 300 ml/day 
B) 500 ml/day 
C) 700 ml/day 
D) 900 ml/day

Question 3

During recovery from a serious surgery or trauma, how much water is likely to be produced in a 24-hour period by the catabolism of fat and proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 300 ml 
B) 500 ml 
C) 750 ml 
D) 1000 ml 
A) 300 ml 
B) 500 ml 
C) 750 ml 
D) 1000 ml

Question 4

You add 50 ml of water to 150 ml of a 6% solution. What is the new concentration?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.0% 
B) 4.5% 
C) 7.5% 
D) 12.0% 
A) 3.0% 
B) 4.5% 
C) 7.5% 
D) 12.0%

Question 5

If a 60% solution (A) were exposed to a 10% solution (B) across a semipermeable membrane, what would be the strength of each solution following equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) solution A 10%/solution B 60% 
B) solution A 35%/solution B 35% 
C) solution A 50%/solution B 20% 
D) solution A 60%/solution B 10% 
A) solution A 10%/solution B 60% 
B) solution A 35%/solution B 35% 
C) solution A 50%/solution B 20% 
D) solution A 60%/solution B 10%

Question 6

About how much additional fluid does an adult lose for each degree of temperature above 99° F that persists for 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

A) 500 ml 
B) 1000 ml 
C) 1500 ml 
D) 2000 ml 
A) 500 ml 
B) 1000 ml 
C) 1500 ml 
D) 2000 ml

Question 7

What does the Donnan effect describe?

Accepted Answer

A) how Cl- exchanges for HCO3- in RBCs at the tissue level 
B) how proteins attract cations, which increase capillary osmotic pressure. 
C) relationship between colloidal osmotic pressure and fluid movement at tissue 
D) relationship between osmotic and hydrostatic pressure at the capillary 
A) how Cl- exchanges for HCO3- in RBCs at the tissue level 
B) how proteins attract cations, which increase capillary osmotic pressure. 
C) relationship between colloidal osmotic pressure and fluid movement at tissue 
D) relationship between osmotic and hydrostatic pressure at the capillary

Question 8

A solution holding the maximum amount of solute in a given volume at a constant temperature is said to be what?

Accepted Answer

A) hypertonic 
B) hypotonic 
C) saturated 
D) supersaturated 
A) hypertonic 
B) hypotonic 
C) saturated 
D) supersaturated

Question 9

What is a characteristic of an acid?

Accepted Answer

A) absorbs H+ ions 
B) accepts a proton 
C) is a proton donor 
D) produces OH- ions 
A) absorbs H+ ions 
B) accepts a proton 
C) is a proton donor 
D) produces OH- ions

Question 10

Which of the following correctly describes a facet of chloride?

Accepted Answer

A) A loss of Cl- is equivalent to a gain in acid. 
B) Cl- is usually excreted with H+ as HCl. 
C) Cl- levels vary inversely with HCO3- levels. 
D) Cl- plays a key role in acid-base buffering. 
A) A loss of Cl- is equivalent to a gain in acid. 
B) Cl- is usually excreted with H+ as HCl. 
C) Cl- levels vary inversely with HCO3- levels. 
D) Cl- plays a key role in acid-base buffering.

Question 11

What is the net affect of the hydrostatic pressure gradient between the capillary and interstitial space?

Accepted Answer

A) It tends to push water into the capillaries. 
B) It tends to push water into the interstitial spaces. 
C) The pressure gradient is zero so fluid movement is due to osmosis. 
A) It tends to push water into the capillaries. 
B) It tends to push water into the interstitial spaces. 
C) The pressure gradient is zero so fluid movement is due to osmosis.

Question 12

Clinical symptoms of hyponatremia would NOT include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) headache 
B) bradycardia 
C) lassitude 
D) weakness 
A) headache 
B) bradycardia 
C) lassitude 
D) weakness

Question 13

What is the normal serum calcium concentration?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.5 to 5.3 mg/dl. 
B) 8.7 to 10.4 mg/dl 
C) 98.0 to 105.0 mg/dl 
D) 137 to 147 mg/dl 
A) 4.5 to 5.3 mg/dl. 
B) 8.7 to 10.4 mg/dl 
C) 98.0 to 105.0 mg/dl 
D) 137 to 147 mg/dl

Question 14

Which of the following describes serum Ca2+?

Accepted Answer

A) About 30% of the serum Ca2+ is ionized and combined with plasma anions. 
B) Acidemia decreases the serum levels of ionized Ca2+. 
C) More than half of the serum Ca2+ is nonionized and bound to plasma albumin. 
D) Serum Ca2+ is present in three forms: ionized, protein bound, and complex. 
A) About 30% of the serum Ca2+ is ionized and combined with plasma anions. 
B) Acidemia decreases the serum levels of ionized Ca2+. 
C) More than half of the serum Ca2+ is nonionized and bound to plasma albumin. 
D) Serum Ca2+ is present in three forms: ionized, protein bound, and complex.

Question 15

What is a normal range for serum sodium?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.5 to 4.8 mEq/L 
B) 67.0 to 75.0 mEq/L 
C) 98.0 to 105.0 mEq/L 
D) 136.0 to 145.0 mEq/L 
A) 3.5 to 4.8 mEq/L 
B) 67.0 to 75.0 mEq/L 
C) 98.0 to 105.0 mEq/L 
D) 136.0 to 145.0 mEq/L

Exam 12: Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

What is the gEq weight of an acid?

An adult's insensible water loss averages what level?

During recovery from a serious surgery or trauma, how much water is likely to be produced in a 24-hour period by the catabolism of fat and proteins?

You add 50 ml of water to 150 ml of a 6% solution. What is the new concentration?

If a 60% solution (A) were exposed to a 10% solution (B) across a semipermeable membrane, what would be the strength of each solution following equilibrium?

About how much additional fluid does an adult lose for each degree of temperature above 99° F that persists for 24 hours?

What does the Donnan effect describe?

A solution holding the maximum amount of solute in a given volume at a constant temperature is said to be what?

What is a characteristic of an acid?

Which of the following correctly describes a facet of chloride?

What is the net affect of the hydrostatic pressure gradient between the capillary and interstitial space?

Clinical symptoms of hyponatremia would NOT include which of the following?

What is the normal serum calcium concentration?

Which of the following describes serum Ca2+?

What is a normal range for serum sodium?

History of Respiratory Care

Quality and Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Patient Safety, Communication, and Record Keeping

Principles of Infection Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

Computer Applications in Respiratory Care

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

A Review of Thoracic Imaging

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Lung Injury, Pulmonary Edema, and Multiple System Organ

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Bronchial Hygiene Therapy

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Initiating and Adjusting Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

Filters

Which of the following describes serum Ca²⁺?