Question 1

Patients with more severe levels of OSA usually need higher levels of CPAP to eliminate the apnea episodes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty has a success rate of less than 50%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Which of the following behavioral interventions is least useful for the treatment of sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) weight loss 
B) avoidance of alcohol 
C) avoidance of sedatives 
D) avoidance of daytime naps 
A) weight loss 
B) avoidance of alcohol 
C) avoidance of sedatives 
D) avoidance of daytime naps D

Question 4

Central sleep apnea occurs more often than obstructive sleep apnea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Medications have proved ineffective for most patients with sleep apnea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following conditions is not associated with untreated obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) systemic hypotension 
B) pulmonary hypertension 
C) heart failure 
D) myocardial infarction 
A) systemic hypotension 
B) pulmonary hypertension 
C) heart failure 
D) myocardial infarction

Question 7

Which of the following medical therapies is considered first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

Accepted Answer

A) continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 
B) surgery 
C) oxygen therapy 
D) antibiotics 
A) continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 
B) surgery 
C) oxygen therapy 
D) antibiotics

Question 8

What is considered to be the major problem with the use of CPAP in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) patient compliance 
B) frequent pneumothorax 
C) cardiovascular complications 
D) expense 
A) patient compliance 
B) frequent pneumothorax 
C) cardiovascular complications 
D) expense

Question 9

What is believed to be the cause of systemic hypertension in patients with sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) hypervolemia 
B) increased sympathetic tone 
C) elevated CO2 
D) tachycardia 
A) hypervolemia 
B) increased sympathetic tone 
C) elevated CO2 
D) tachycardia

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a parameter used to confirm the metabolic syndrome associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) low triglycerides 
B) insulin resistance 
C) hypertension 
D) impaired glucose intolerance 
A) low triglycerides 
B) insulin resistance 
C) hypertension 
D) impaired glucose intolerance

Question 11

Which of the following parameters is NOT typically monitored with a polysomnogram?

Accepted Answer

A) SaO2 
B) electroencephalogram (EEG) 
C) breathing effort 
D) exhaled PCO2 
A) SaO2 
B) electroencephalogram (EEG) 
C) breathing effort 
D) exhaled PCO2

Question 12

How does CPAP improve breathing in the patient with OSA?

Accepted Answer

A) stimulation of the phrenic nerve 
B) pneumatic splinting of the upper airway 
C) stimulation of upper airway muscles 
D) repositioning of the epiglottis 
A) stimulation of the phrenic nerve 
B) pneumatic splinting of the upper airway 
C) stimulation of upper airway muscles 
D) repositioning of the epiglottis

Question 13

Which of the following physical exam findings is associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) large tonsils 
B) microcephaly 
C) macroglossia 
D) deviated nasal septum 
A) large tonsils 
B) microcephaly 
C) macroglossia 
D) deviated nasal septum

Question 14

What value for the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is consistent with moderate obstructive sleep apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 to 15 
B) 15 to 30 
C) above 30 
D) below 5 
A) 5 to 15 
B) 15 to 30 
C) above 30 
D) below 5

Question 15

What is the name of the respiratory pattern where a crescendo-decrescendo pattern of hyperpnea alternates with periods of apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) Cheyne-Stokes 
B) Kussmaul 
C) agonal 
D) Biot's 
A) Cheyne-Stokes 
B) Kussmaul 
C) agonal 
D) Biot's

Question 16

What is the amount of CPAP that is typically required to abolish upper airway obstruction in patients with OSA?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 to 5 cm H2O 
B) 10 to 20 cm H2O 
C) 2.5 to 7.5 cm H2O 
D) 7.5 to 12.5 cm H2O 
A) 3 to 5 cm H2O 
B) 10 to 20 cm H2O 
C) 2.5 to 7.5 cm H2O 
D) 7.5 to 12.5 cm H2O

Question 17

The definition of sleep apnea uses what criteria for defining an episode of apnea?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 seconds 
B) 10 seconds 
C) 15 seconds 
D) 20 seconds 
A) 5 seconds 
B) 10 seconds 
C) 15 seconds 
D) 20 seconds

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of positive-pressure therapy?

Accepted Answer

A) dry nasal mucosa 
B) claustrophobia 
C) skin irritation 
D) headache 
A) dry nasal mucosa 
B) claustrophobia 
C) skin irritation 
D) headache

Question 19

What are the criteria to define hypopnea?

Accepted Answer

A) 20% decrease in airflow and 4% oxygen desaturation 
B) 20% decrease in airflow and 2% oxygen desaturation 
C) 30% decrease in airflow and 4% oxygen desaturation 
D) 30% decrease in airflow and 2% oxygen desaturation 
A) 20% decrease in airflow and 4% oxygen desaturation 
B) 20% decrease in airflow and 2% oxygen desaturation 
C) 30% decrease in airflow and 4% oxygen desaturation 
D) 30% decrease in airflow and 2% oxygen desaturation

Question 20

Available evidence has shown that bilevel pressure is associated with better patient compliance than the conventional CPAP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 30: Disorders of Sleep

Patients with more severe levels of OSA usually need higher levels of CPAP to eliminate the apnea episodes.

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty has a success rate of less than 50%.

Which of the following behavioral interventions is least useful for the treatment of sleep apnea?

Central sleep apnea occurs more often than obstructive sleep apnea.

Medications have proved ineffective for most patients with sleep apnea.

Which of the following conditions is not associated with untreated obstructive sleep apnea?

Which of the following medical therapies is considered first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

What is considered to be the major problem with the use of CPAP in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?

What is believed to be the cause of systemic hypertension in patients with sleep apnea?

Which of the following is NOT a parameter used to confirm the metabolic syndrome associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

Which of the following parameters is NOT typically monitored with a polysomnogram?

How does CPAP improve breathing in the patient with OSA?

Which of the following physical exam findings is associated with obstructive sleep apnea?

What value for the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is consistent with moderate obstructive sleep apnea?

What is the name of the respiratory pattern where a crescendo-decrescendo pattern of hyperpnea alternates with periods of apnea?

What is the amount of CPAP that is typically required to abolish upper airway obstruction in patients with OSA?

The definition of sleep apnea uses what criteria for defining an episode of apnea?

Which of the following is NOT a common side effect of positive-pressure therapy?

What are the criteria to define hypopnea?

Available evidence has shown that bilevel pressure is associated with better patient compliance than the conventional CPAP.

History of Respiratory Care

Quality and Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Patient Safety, Communication, and Record Keeping

Principles of Infection Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

Computer Applications in Respiratory Care

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

A Review of Thoracic Imaging

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Lung Injury, Pulmonary Edema, and Multiple System Organ

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Bronchial Hygiene Therapy

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Initiating and Adjusting Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

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