Question 1

Viral classification and biology has been challenging;presently,most biologists agree that viruses

Accepted Answer

A)  should be classified as members of the kingdom Protista. 
B)  are constructed from a protein wrapped around DNA or RNA. 
C)  use a photosynthetic process more similar to bacteria than plants. 
D)  should be classified as autochemotrophic. 
A)  should be classified as members of the kingdom Protista. 
B)  are constructed from a protein wrapped around DNA or RNA. 
C)  use a photosynthetic process more similar to bacteria than plants. 
D)  should be classified as autochemotrophic.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an example of bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilizers to stimulate the growth of naturally occurring microbes that will consume a pollutant such as oil 
B)  dispersal of nonnative microbes that will consume a pollutant such as oil 
C)  dispersing of seeds to reestablish vegetative growth that will remove pollutants from the environment 
D)  dispersal of a nontoxic inorganic compound that will soak up the pollutants 
A)  fertilizers to stimulate the growth of naturally occurring microbes that will consume a pollutant such as oil 
B)  dispersal of nonnative microbes that will consume a pollutant such as oil 
C)  dispersing of seeds to reestablish vegetative growth that will remove pollutants from the environment 
D)  dispersal of a nontoxic inorganic compound that will soak up the pollutants

Question 3

What do these products have in common-soy sauce,yogurt,Swiss cheese,and buttermilk?

Accepted Answer

A)  All four are modified dairy products. 
B)  Antibiotic therapy often depresses the intestinal bacterial flora;any of the four can be used to reestablish those bacterial colonies. 
C)  Each is one of the better sources of protein for individuals choosing a meatless diet. 
D)  The production of each involves bacterial fermentation. 
A)  All four are modified dairy products. 
B)  Antibiotic therapy often depresses the intestinal bacterial flora;any of the four can be used to reestablish those bacterial colonies. 
C)  Each is one of the better sources of protein for individuals choosing a meatless diet. 
D)  The production of each involves bacterial fermentation.

Question 4

At the present time

Accepted Answer

A)  all living organisms have been discovered,named,and their relationships to other organisms described. 
B)  humans have just finished a complete count of the number of species on Earth. 
C)  the diversity of organisms on Earth is not completely known and estimates of the number of unknown species vary 10-fold. 
D)  there is no consensus regarding the appropriate classification strategy for the currently known organisms. 
A)  all living organisms have been discovered,named,and their relationships to other organisms described. 
B)  humans have just finished a complete count of the number of species on Earth. 
C)  the diversity of organisms on Earth is not completely known and estimates of the number of unknown species vary 10-fold. 
D)  there is no consensus regarding the appropriate classification strategy for the currently known organisms.

Question 5

The following photograph shows Sulfolobus,an archaean that lives in environments with very high temperatures.
 
What hypothesis can explain the extreme habitats of the archaeans?

Accepted Answer

A)  They came to Earth from other planets,where harsher conditions prevail. 
B)  They would be more widespread but are unable to successfully compete with bacteria and now occupy habitats where bacteria cannot live. 
C)  Archaeans evolved earlier than bacteria when Earth was much less hospitable and are now relegated to those habitats most similar to early Earth. 
D)  Archaeans evolved after all the more hospitable habitats were populated with protists. 
A)  They came to Earth from other planets,where harsher conditions prevail. 
B)  They would be more widespread but are unable to successfully compete with bacteria and now occupy habitats where bacteria cannot live. 
C)  Archaeans evolved earlier than bacteria when Earth was much less hospitable and are now relegated to those habitats most similar to early Earth. 
D)  Archaeans evolved after all the more hospitable habitats were populated with protists.

Question 6

Carbon and energy are among the most basic life resources and organisms that have been classified with respect to how they are obtained.What term describes an organism that obtains these substances from inorganic molecules in rock and air?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoheterotroph 
B)  photoautotroph 
C)  photoheterotroph 
D)  chemoautotroph 
A)  chemoheterotroph 
B)  photoautotroph 
C)  photoheterotroph 
D)  chemoautotroph

Question 7

Bacteria trade small sections of plasmid DNA with one another during ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria trade small sections of plasmid DNA...

Question 8

A scientist is studying the relationship of the food sources of all the animals in a pond.He is studying

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic diversity. 
B)  species diversity. 
C)  ecosystem diversity. 
D)  biome diversity. 
A)  genetic diversity. 
B)  species diversity. 
C)  ecosystem diversity. 
D)  biome diversity.

Question 9

Protists are part of the domain Bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The concept that includes all living things as well as the nonliving things they interact with is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concept that includes all living things...

Question 11

Students in a biology class count all the different types of plants in a 3 * 3-foot quadrant on their college campus.They are studying

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic diversity. 
B)  species diversity. 
C)  ecosystem diversity. 
D)  biome diversity. 
A)  genetic diversity. 
B)  species diversity. 
C)  ecosystem diversity. 
D)  biome diversity.

Question 12

Bacteria,protists,and fungi belong to the domain Archaea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Dental hygienists carefully remove plaque,an aggregate of prokaryotic cells organized as a ________,from the surface of the teeth of their patients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dental hygienists carefully remove plaque,an aggregate of...

Question 14

What aspect of the viral life cycle depicted in the following illustration explains the pathology associated with a viral infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infected cells produce new virus particles rather than the proteins associated with normal cell activity and homeostasis. 
B)  Newly replicated virus particles are released by budding,a process that depletes the cell membrane. 
C)  The immune response to the presence of viral protein may be extremely intense. 
D)  Retroviral insertion of DNA causes immediate cell death. 
A)  Infected cells produce new virus particles rather than the proteins associated with normal cell activity and homeostasis. 
B)  Newly replicated virus particles are released by budding,a process that depletes the cell membrane. 
C)  The immune response to the presence of viral protein may be extremely intense. 
D)  Retroviral insertion of DNA causes immediate cell death.

Question 15

The domain most similar to Eukarya is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The domain most similar to Eukarya is...

Question 16

Prokaryotes able to live in unusually cold conditions are ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prokaryotes able to live in unusually cold...

Question 17

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some are photosynthetic. 
B)  Some do not need oxygen. 
C)  Some do not need carbon in any form. 
D)  Some can live in acidic conditions. 
A)  Some are photosynthetic. 
B)  Some do not need oxygen. 
C)  Some do not need carbon in any form. 
D)  Some can live in acidic conditions.

Question 18

Aerobic organisms can survive without oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What best explains why bacteria can reproduce so much more rapidly than an organism such as a mushroom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mushrooms reproduce using spores that require a lengthy exposure to the environment before the outer coating can break open. 
B)  Mushroom cells have a cell wall that hastens reproduction while bacteria have no cell wall. 
C)  Plants take longer to reproduce than bacteria. 
D)  Mushrooms reproduce sexually,so the proper mating types must contact one another before reproduction can proceed. 
A)  Mushrooms reproduce using spores that require a lengthy exposure to the environment before the outer coating can break open. 
B)  Mushroom cells have a cell wall that hastens reproduction while bacteria have no cell wall. 
C)  Plants take longer to reproduce than bacteria. 
D)  Mushrooms reproduce sexually,so the proper mating types must contact one another before reproduction can proceed.

Question 20

The naturally occurring fungus Penicillium produces an antibiotic substance that kills bacteria.Why does the fungus produce this substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  to form a biofilm 
B)  to serve as a nutrient 
C)  to cure human infections 
D)  to kill bacteria that are competing with it for resources 
A)  to form a biofilm 
B)  to serve as a nutrient 
C)  to cure human infections 
D)  to kill bacteria that are competing with it for resources

Exam 17: Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Viral classification and biology has been challenging;presently,most biologists agree that viruses

Which of the following is NOT an example of bioremediation?

What do these products have in common-soy sauce,yogurt,Swiss cheese,and buttermilk?

At the present time

The following photograph shows Sulfolobus,an archaean that lives in environments with very high temperatures. What hypothesis can explain the extreme habitats of the archaeans?

Carbon and energy are among the most basic life resources and organisms that have been classified with respect to how they are obtained.What term describes an organism that obtains these substances from inorganic molecules in rock and air?

Bacteria trade small sections of plasmid DNA with one another during ________.

A scientist is studying the relationship of the food sources of all the animals in a pond.He is studying

Protists are part of the domain Bacteria.

The concept that includes all living things as well as the nonliving things they interact with is ________.

Students in a biology class count all the different types of plants in a 3 * 3-foot quadrant on their college campus.They are studying

Bacteria,protists,and fungi belong to the domain Archaea.

Dental hygienists carefully remove plaque,an aggregate of prokaryotic cells organized as a ________,from the surface of the teeth of their patients.

What aspect of the viral life cycle depicted in the following illustration explains the pathology associated with a viral infection?

The domain most similar to Eukarya is ________.

Prokaryotes able to live in unusually cold conditions are ________.

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes is incorrect?

Aerobic organisms can survive without oxygen.

What best explains why bacteria can reproduce so much more rapidly than an organism such as a mushroom?

The naturally occurring fungus Penicillium produces an antibiotic substance that kills bacteria.Why does the fungus produce this substance?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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