Question 1

Which of the following is a kingdom?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plantae 
B)  Eukarya 
C)  Bacteria 
D)  Archaea 
A)  Plantae 
B)  Eukarya 
C)  Bacteria 
D)  Archaea

Question 2

The influenza virus evolves rapidly because DNA changes are frequently incorporated into the virus as it is being made.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Pathogens are organisms that cause ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Pathogens are organisms that cause ________....

Question 4

Because plants lack the ability to directly use the ________ present in the atmosphere,their abundance often depends on bacterial populations present within the soil.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen 
B)  oxygen 
C)  water 
D)  carbon dioxide 
A)  nitrogen 
B)  oxygen 
C)  water 
D)  carbon dioxide

Question 5

The broadest classification category currently used by most biologists is the domain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

During nitrogen fixation,bacteria convert toxic ammonia into atmospheric nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following statements about antibiotics is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are effective against viruses. 
B)  They are produced by living organisms. 
C)  Many new antibiotics are produced each year. 
D)  All bacterial infections can be effectively treated with antibiotics. 
A)  They are effective against viruses. 
B)  They are produced by living organisms. 
C)  Many new antibiotics are produced each year. 
D)  All bacterial infections can be effectively treated with antibiotics.

Question 8

The Biology in the News features states that "fecal transplant experiments have established cause and effect" between the gut microbiome and weight gain.To do this,they showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  weight gain results in a shift in the gut microbiome makeup. 
B)  certain combinations of bacteria in the gut microbiome lead to weight gain. 
C)  fecal transplants had no effect on the health of the subject. 
D)  decreasing the number of bacteria present in the gut caused a loss in weight of the subject. 
A)  weight gain results in a shift in the gut microbiome makeup. 
B)  certain combinations of bacteria in the gut microbiome lead to weight gain. 
C)  fecal transplants had no effect on the health of the subject. 
D)  decreasing the number of bacteria present in the gut caused a loss in weight of the subject.

Question 9

Frequently,antiviral drugs stop being effective against the influenza virus because

Accepted Answer

A)  the virus evolves quickly and can adapt to the presence of the drug. 
B)  the drugs have a very short shelf life and lose effectiveness quickly. 
C)  the virus learns to recognize the drug and warns other viruses about the drug's presence. 
D)  the virus starts to produce an endotoxin that destroys the drug. 
A)  the virus evolves quickly and can adapt to the presence of the drug. 
B)  the drugs have a very short shelf life and lose effectiveness quickly. 
C)  the virus learns to recognize the drug and warns other viruses about the drug's presence. 
D)  the virus starts to produce an endotoxin that destroys the drug.

Question 10

The most commonly used classification system includes 12 kingdoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Some bacteria can cause pathology by releasing a(n)________ that kills adjacent tissues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some bacteria can cause pathology by releasing...

Question 12

The chemical composition of ancient sediments suggests that oxygen was essentially absent from the atmosphere of the early Earth;how can its abundance in today's atmosphere be explained?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sunlight split water molecules apart,a process that produced oxygen gas. 
B)  Volcanic activity released oxygen that had been trapped beneath the Earth's surface. 
C)  Cyanobacteria and some eukaryotes produced oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. 
D)  Chemical erosion of the Earth's surface released oxygen initially bound in surface rocks. 
A)  Sunlight split water molecules apart,a process that produced oxygen gas. 
B)  Volcanic activity released oxygen that had been trapped beneath the Earth's surface. 
C)  Cyanobacteria and some eukaryotes produced oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. 
D)  Chemical erosion of the Earth's surface released oxygen initially bound in surface rocks.

Question 13

A patient is suffering from paralysis caused by a Clostridium botulinum infection.The paralysis is caused by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  endotoxin. 
B)  exotoxin. 
C)  virotoxin. 
D)  enterotoxin. 
A)  endotoxin. 
B)  exotoxin. 
C)  virotoxin. 
D)  enterotoxin.

Question 14

A patient is infected with a microbe that has taken over the metabolism of the patient's liver cells.This microbe is most likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria. 
B)  archaea. 
C)  virus. 
D)  protist. 
A)  bacteria. 
B)  archaea. 
C)  virus. 
D)  protist.

Question 15

Which of the following would lead to antibiotic resistance in microorgansims?

Accepted Answer

A)  overprescription of pain medications 
B)  completing a course of prescribed antibiotics 
C)  use of antibiotics in farm animals to increase production rates 
D)  prescribing rest and fluids alone for a viral infection 
A)  overprescription of pain medications 
B)  completing a course of prescribed antibiotics 
C)  use of antibiotics in farm animals to increase production rates 
D)  prescribing rest and fluids alone for a viral infection

Question 16

Why is quorum sensing advantageous to bacteria when they are forming a biofilm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Larger numbers of bacteria reduce the competition between the bacteria for resources. 
B)  Bacteria must produce components of a biofilm.It is a waste of energy if they produce those components when there are not enough bacteria present to produce a biofilm resistant to physical forces. 
C)  Enough weak bacteria need to be present so that they can be killed and used as nutrients for the strong bacteria. 
D)  It is easier for proper bacterial mating types to contact each other and sexually reproduce when there are larger numbers of bacteria present. 
A)  Larger numbers of bacteria reduce the competition between the bacteria for resources. 
B)  Bacteria must produce components of a biofilm.It is a waste of energy if they produce those components when there are not enough bacteria present to produce a biofilm resistant to physical forces. 
C)  Enough weak bacteria need to be present so that they can be killed and used as nutrients for the strong bacteria. 
D)  It is easier for proper bacterial mating types to contact each other and sexually reproduce when there are larger numbers of bacteria present.

Question 17

Archaea,Bacteria,and Eukarya are the three biological domains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Because the RNA genome of HIV is converted into DNA in an infected host cell,HIV is a rhinovirus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Bacteria,Archaea,and Eukarya are the three ________;they form the broadest hierarchical level in the organization of life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bacteria,Archaea,and Eukarya are the three ________;they form...

Question 20

The rate of evolution in prokaryotes may be accelerated by lateral gene transfer,a process that increases genetic diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Which of the following is a kingdom?

The influenza virus evolves rapidly because DNA changes are frequently incorporated into the virus as it is being made.

Pathogens are organisms that cause ________.

Because plants lack the ability to directly use the ________ present in the atmosphere,their abundance often depends on bacterial populations present within the soil.

The broadest classification category currently used by most biologists is the domain.

During nitrogen fixation,bacteria convert toxic ammonia into atmospheric nitrogen.

Which of the following statements about antibiotics is correct?

The Biology in the News features states that "fecal transplant experiments have established cause and effect" between the gut microbiome and weight gain.To do this,they showed that

Frequently,antiviral drugs stop being effective against the influenza virus because

The most commonly used classification system includes 12 kingdoms.

Some bacteria can cause pathology by releasing a(n)________ that kills adjacent tissues.

The chemical composition of ancient sediments suggests that oxygen was essentially absent from the atmosphere of the early Earth;how can its abundance in today's atmosphere be explained?

A patient is suffering from paralysis caused by a Clostridium botulinum infection.The paralysis is caused by a(n)

A patient is infected with a microbe that has taken over the metabolism of the patient's liver cells.This microbe is most likely a(n)

Which of the following would lead to antibiotic resistance in microorgansims?

Why is quorum sensing advantageous to bacteria when they are forming a biofilm?

Archaea,Bacteria,and Eukarya are the three biological domains.

Because the RNA genome of HIV is converted into DNA in an infected host cell,HIV is a rhinovirus.

Bacteria,Archaea,and Eukarya are the three ________;they form the broadest hierarchical level in the organization of life.

The rate of evolution in prokaryotes may be accelerated by lateral gene transfer,a process that increases genetic diversity.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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