Exam 19: Animalia

Rather than mandibles that can be used in chewing,spiders,like most arthropods,have tubelike or fanglike mouthparts,which explains why most spiders

Of the four animals shown in the following pictures,which is believed to be most closely related to humans?

Mollusks have evolved a variety of defenses;which group is properly matched with its appropriate defensive strategy?

Cephalization is clearly adaptive for the free-living planarians that must locate their food;why would the parasitic flukes and tapeworms retain cephalization?

The presence of what features(s)would exclude the cnidarians and ctenophores as possibilities for the identity of a newly discovered animal?

Features such as a toothed jaw and a bony tail suggest that Archaeopteryx probably did not fly,possibly using its feathers for insulation or gliding instead of flight.

Which group's adult body plan is properly matched with symmetry it displays?

Tetrapods are so named because they possess four limbs.

In all eutherians and some marsupials,offspring develop internally in association with the ________.

Cephalopods are demonstrably the most intelligent invertebrate animals;most biologists suspect that their ________ best account(s)for their intellectual development.

The evolution of the lung was a critical development in the adaptation of animals to a terrestrial lifestyle;the first vertebrates to breathe using a lung were the reptiles.

Relative brain size (brain weight/total body weight)tends to be larger in the monotremes than in either the marsupials or the eutherians.

In addition to embryonic similarities,the chordates and echinoderms also each possess a hollow nerve cord located on the ________ side of the body.

Two phyla so dominate the diversity of marine ecosystems that any randomly collected animal is likely to be either a ________ or an arthropod.

Reptiles display many adaptations supporting a terrestrial lifestyle;the most significant in reducing their dependency on an aquatic habitat is ________.

Sharks and the ray-finned fishes differ in several ways;the most significant difference is the composition of the skeleton.

The life cycle for an insect whose developmental strategy is complete metamorphosis is shown in the following illustration.What advantages are evident from the illustration?

Ctenophores can be distinguished from cnidarians because they do not possess a complete digestive system,while cnidarians do.

Sponges are considered the most ancient of animals;although multicellular,sponges have not developed the ________ present in all other animals.

The vertebrates,which include organisms such as humans,birds,and frogs,illustrate that very different forms can evolve from one basic body plan.The observation that these diverse organisms share a general body plan supports the hypothesis that