Exam 19: Animalia

A variety of tapeworms can infect humans,but two relatively simple measures can break the infective cycle

The following figure shows the vertebrates and arthropods as being distantly related,yet each has features,such as limbs and jaws,seen in no other groups.How can such obvious similarities be disregarded in favor of embryological development as a basis for classification?

An animal having radial symmetry,a complete gut,and mesoglea would be a(n)________.

Following gastrulation,most animal embryos develop three embryonic tissue layers;the endoderm forms the ________ layer.

Except for the hagfish,lamprey,and their close relatives,all vertebrates have paired jaws;how did jaws evolve within an evolutionary clade that already had a skeleton?

One of the most poisonous marine organisms known is the cnidarian,commonly called the sea wasp or box jellyfish;the motile adult organism is best described as a(n)

Neighboring plant or fungal cells share a common cell wall,making multicellularity relatively simple;how do animal cells remain connected to one another?

Keratin is an important and widespread structural protein in animals,forming structures as diverse as feathers,toenails,and the carapace of crabs.

In the following diagram of the flatworm,various organs are labeled;which combination of organs forms the flatworm's nervous system?

The mesoglea in a cnidarian is not considered a true tissue because it originates as a ________ rather than from cell division.

Animal body structures and organ systems differentiate predictably from the various layers of the gastrula;which organ system and layer is properly matched?

Most animals have evolved a body cavity;in the coelomates,the cavity is characterized by a

Because of their abundance and the relative scarcity of other types of vertebrates,the ________ era is often called the Age of Reptiles.

Cephalization describes a body plan that is characterized by

The vertebrates are grouped into a lineage because all members possess an internal ________.

Radial symmetry occurs much less commonly than bilateral symmetry;the only radially symmetrical animal groups are the

The longer incubation period observed with the egg of reptiles and birds,resulting in a more functional individual after hatching,is possible because of the addition of a ________ to the egg.

What occurs during ecdysis?

Most animals reproduce sexually;fertilization begins a developmental sequence that progresses from

The success of mammals is due in large part to several highly effective reproductive strategies,which includes all of the following EXCEPT