Question 1

In Third World countries,vitamin ________ are more common and lead to various diseases and disorders.

Accepted Answer

deficiencies

Question 2

Only guinea pigs,bats,the great apes,and humans must get vitamin C from their diets rather than synthesizing it themselves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The enzyme that works well in the acidic environment of the stomach is

Accepted Answer

A)  trypsin. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  amylase. 
D)  rennin. 
A)  trypsin. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  amylase. 
D)  rennin. B

Question 4

The large surface area of a sheep's small intestine allows the sheep to more efficiently absorb amino acids from the food it consumes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Out of the four classes of organic compounds found in organisms,________ are capable of storing the largest amount of energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Out of the four classes of organic...

Question 6

Although cows are herbivores that specialize in consuming grass,they do NOT produce the enzyme needed to break down the long-chain plant carbohydrate ________.However,cows do house microorganisms in their guts that can make the enzyme for them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although cows are herbivores that specialize in...

Question 7

Why do sheep have a much longer small intestine relative to their size than wolves do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sheep are generally larger than wolves and the larger the animal,the larger the relative size of its small intestine. 
B)  Wolves have sharper teeth than sheep,so they do not need to absorb food only through their small intestines. 
C)  Sheep eat relatively nutrient-poor food,and a long intestine allows more complete absorption of the available nutrients. 
D)  Wolves have a simple stomach,whereas the sheep stomach is fairly complex. 
A)  Sheep are generally larger than wolves and the larger the animal,the larger the relative size of its small intestine. 
B)  Wolves have sharper teeth than sheep,so they do not need to absorb food only through their small intestines. 
C)  Sheep eat relatively nutrient-poor food,and a long intestine allows more complete absorption of the available nutrients. 
D)  Wolves have a simple stomach,whereas the sheep stomach is fairly complex.

Question 8

The function of the esophagus is to

Accepted Answer

A)  break down food physically. 
B)  break down food chemically. 
C)  carry food to the stomach. 
D)  prepare undigested material and waste for disposal. 
A)  break down food physically. 
B)  break down food chemically. 
C)  carry food to the stomach. 
D)  prepare undigested material and waste for disposal.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the three elements that provide the framework for the complex organic compounds that characterize life?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon 
B)  iron 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  oxygen 
A)  carbon 
B)  iron 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  oxygen

Question 10

Not all parts of the food that humans ingest are used by our bodies.Fiber,consisting mostly of cellulose,for instance,is excreted without providing nutrition.Which of the following statements explains why fiber is NOT used as a nutrient in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  The human gut is unable to break it down;thus,it cannot be absorbed across the intestinal cells' membranes. 
B)  Fiber is an amino acid but not one of the essential amino acids,so we do not need to absorb it as a nutrient. 
C)  The fiber content of human foods is so low that it is not worthwhile for our bodies to expend energy to extract its nutrients. 
D)  The fiber is digested into such small molecules that they become nutritionally insignificant. 
A)  The human gut is unable to break it down;thus,it cannot be absorbed across the intestinal cells' membranes. 
B)  Fiber is an amino acid but not one of the essential amino acids,so we do not need to absorb it as a nutrient. 
C)  The fiber content of human foods is so low that it is not worthwhile for our bodies to expend energy to extract its nutrients. 
D)  The fiber is digested into such small molecules that they become nutritionally insignificant.

Question 11

The journey of a potato chip through our digestive tract would be mouth to

Accepted Answer

A)  esophagus to stomach to liver to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
B)  esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
C)  stomach to esophagus to pancreas to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
D)  esophagus to stomach to large intestine to small intestine to anus. 
A)  esophagus to stomach to liver to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
B)  esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
C)  stomach to esophagus to pancreas to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
D)  esophagus to stomach to large intestine to small intestine to anus.

Question 12

The most likely potential problem faced by a person who is following a low-protein diet is the failure to

Accepted Answer

A)  take in enough organic compounds to produce the energy necessary for life functions. 
B)  take in enough essential amino acids. 
C)  take in enough calories to survive. 
D)  make the mineral nutrients necessary to live. 
A)  take in enough organic compounds to produce the energy necessary for life functions. 
B)  take in enough essential amino acids. 
C)  take in enough calories to survive. 
D)  make the mineral nutrients necessary to live.

Question 13

Food must be broken down chemically before nutrients in it can be absorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Omega-3 fatty acids are found primarily in red meat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Some animals have part of their guts modified into a muscular area that grinds food against small pebbles or sand grains collected from the environment.Which of the following statements about this area is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the area where the chemical breakdown of food takes place. 
B)  It is known as a gizzard. 
C)  It helps large food items become small enough to enter the digestive system of the animal. 
D)  It helps speed digestion by increasing the surface area of the food particles,which speeds their breakdown. 
A)  It is the area where the chemical breakdown of food takes place. 
B)  It is known as a gizzard. 
C)  It helps large food items become small enough to enter the digestive system of the animal. 
D)  It helps speed digestion by increasing the surface area of the food particles,which speeds their breakdown.

Question 16

The first enzymes that food encounters in our body are in our

Accepted Answer

A)  mouth. 
B)  esophagus. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  small intestine. 
A)  mouth. 
B)  esophagus. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  small intestine.

Question 17

For most animals,cellulose is a good source of energy and fiber.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to seasonal affective disorder,a condition that leads to depression in the winter.Would you expect dark-skinned people to be more or less prone to seasonal affective disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they tend to eat foods that are higher in vitamin D. 
B)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they have evolved enzymes that are more efficient at producing vitamin D. 
C)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder as the pigments in their skin block out the sunlight needed to make vitamin D. 
D)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder because the pigments in their skin allow sunlight to pass and destroy vitamin D that has been obtained through diet. 
A)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they tend to eat foods that are higher in vitamin D. 
B)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they have evolved enzymes that are more efficient at producing vitamin D. 
C)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder as the pigments in their skin block out the sunlight needed to make vitamin D. 
D)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder because the pigments in their skin allow sunlight to pass and destroy vitamin D that has been obtained through diet.

Question 19

The nutrients in food enter our body by crossing through the epithelial cells lining the ________ intestine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nutrients in food enter our body...

Question 20

Because vitamins are so important to metabolism,it is important to ingest large amounts of them in the form of vitamin supplements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 27: Nutrition and Digestion

In Third World countries,vitamin ________ are more common and lead to various diseases and disorders.

Only guinea pigs,bats,the great apes,and humans must get vitamin C from their diets rather than synthesizing it themselves.

The enzyme that works well in the acidic environment of the stomach is

The large surface area of a sheep's small intestine allows the sheep to more efficiently absorb amino acids from the food it consumes.

Out of the four classes of organic compounds found in organisms,________ are capable of storing the largest amount of energy.

Although cows are herbivores that specialize in consuming grass,they do NOT produce the enzyme needed to break down the long-chain plant carbohydrate ________.However,cows do house microorganisms in their guts that can make the enzyme for them.

Why do sheep have a much longer small intestine relative to their size than wolves do?

The function of the esophagus is to

Which of the following is NOT one of the three elements that provide the framework for the complex organic compounds that characterize life?

Not all parts of the food that humans ingest are used by our bodies.Fiber,consisting mostly of cellulose,for instance,is excreted without providing nutrition.Which of the following statements explains why fiber is NOT used as a nutrient in humans?

The journey of a potato chip through our digestive tract would be mouth to

The most likely potential problem faced by a person who is following a low-protein diet is the failure to

Food must be broken down chemically before nutrients in it can be absorbed.

Omega-3 fatty acids are found primarily in red meat.

Some animals have part of their guts modified into a muscular area that grinds food against small pebbles or sand grains collected from the environment.Which of the following statements about this area is FALSE?

The first enzymes that food encounters in our body are in our

For most animals,cellulose is a good source of energy and fiber.

Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to seasonal affective disorder,a condition that leads to depression in the winter.Would you expect dark-skinned people to be more or less prone to seasonal affective disorder?

The nutrients in food enter our body by crossing through the epithelial cells lining the ________ intestine.

Because vitamins are so important to metabolism,it is important to ingest large amounts of them in the form of vitamin supplements.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

Filters