Question 1

The USDA food guidelines suggest a diet

Accepted Answer

A)  low in carbohydrates and high in protein. 
B)  void of fats. 
C)  based on vegetarianism. 
D)  containing carbohydrates,proteins,and limited amounts of fats. 
A)  low in carbohydrates and high in protein. 
B)  void of fats. 
C)  based on vegetarianism. 
D)  containing carbohydrates,proteins,and limited amounts of fats.

Question 2

What is the best way to control your weight and live longer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eat only foods high in protein. 
B)  Become a vegetarian. 
C)  Eat only foods high in carbohydrates. 
D)  Get plenty of exercise. 
A)  Eat only foods high in protein. 
B)  Become a vegetarian. 
C)  Eat only foods high in carbohydrates. 
D)  Get plenty of exercise.

Question 3

Minerals are

Accepted Answer

A)  organic compounds. 
B)  required in small amounts. 
C)  not harmful to humans when ingested in large amounts. 
D)  created by chemical reactions within cells. 
A)  organic compounds. 
B)  required in small amounts. 
C)  not harmful to humans when ingested in large amounts. 
D)  created by chemical reactions within cells.

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT be found in the lower small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  a brush border 
B)  villi 
C)  a large surface area 
D)  a low pH 
A)  a brush border 
B)  villi 
C)  a large surface area 
D)  a low pH

Question 5

Consider the parts of the digestive system,particularly the place where water is removed before feces are excreted.Which organ is most likely responsible for a bout of diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

A)  colon 
B)  anus 
C)  stomach 
D)  esophagus 
A)  colon 
B)  anus 
C)  stomach 
D)  esophagus

Question 6

If you were a bird about to embark on a long migratory journey,which of the following would you want to have stored in large quantities?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  vitamins 
A)  sugars 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  vitamins

Question 7

The empty label in the following scheme most likely should read

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates. 
B)  fiber. 
C)  all broken-down materials. 
D)  all usable nutrients. 
A)  carbohydrates. 
B)  fiber. 
C)  all broken-down materials. 
D)  all usable nutrients.

Question 8

Which of the following packs the most calories per gram?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  amino acids 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  amino acids

Question 9

When humans who lack a particular enzyme consume products made from cow's milk,they suffer digestive problems.The enzyme is

Accepted Answer

A)  pepsin. 
B)  lactase. 
C)  chymotrypsin. 
D)  amylase. 
A)  pepsin. 
B)  lactase. 
C)  chymotrypsin. 
D)  amylase.

Question 10

How rapidly an organism can absorb nutrients generally depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  the surface area available for absorption. 
B)  how quickly the nutrients can diffuse into the stomach. 
C)  the passive mechanisms that carry the nutrients into the organism. 
D)  the volume of the organism taking up the nutrients. 
A)  the surface area available for absorption. 
B)  how quickly the nutrients can diffuse into the stomach. 
C)  the passive mechanisms that carry the nutrients into the organism. 
D)  the volume of the organism taking up the nutrients.

Question 11

An individual who wishes to avoid getting ill during the wintertime experiments by significantly boosting vitamin intake by taking multiple vitamin supplements.This action could

Accepted Answer

A)  help the individual live decades longer. 
B)  be dangerous because some elements are only needed in small amounts for the human body. 
C)  help the individual to look decades younger. 
D)  reduce the individual's fiber intake. 
A)  help the individual live decades longer. 
B)  be dangerous because some elements are only needed in small amounts for the human body. 
C)  help the individual to look decades younger. 
D)  reduce the individual's fiber intake.

Question 12

Which of the following is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  A sheep has a small intestine about six times longer than that of a wolf. 
B)  A wolf has a single-chambered stomach,but a sheep's stomach has four chambers. 
C)  A wolf's teeth are made for tearing and some chewing and a sheep's teeth are made mostly for grinding. 
D)  A wolf's colon contains bacteria that digest cellulose,and a sheep's stomach produces enzymes that digest cellulose. 
A)  A sheep has a small intestine about six times longer than that of a wolf. 
B)  A wolf has a single-chambered stomach,but a sheep's stomach has four chambers. 
C)  A wolf's teeth are made for tearing and some chewing and a sheep's teeth are made mostly for grinding. 
D)  A wolf's colon contains bacteria that digest cellulose,and a sheep's stomach produces enzymes that digest cellulose.

Question 13

Humans can synthesize some of the amino acids we need.The ones we must obtain from our food are known as ________ amino acids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humans can synthesize some of the amino...

Question 14

Which of the following reasons best explains why starch molecules must be broken down before they can be absorbed by the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are toxic to the cells of the small intestine. 
B)  They are too large to pass through the plasma membrane of the intestinal cells. 
C)  They must be broken down in order to extract the essential amino acids they contain. 
D)  The cells of the small intestine are much too small to contain them. 
A)  They are toxic to the cells of the small intestine. 
B)  They are too large to pass through the plasma membrane of the intestinal cells. 
C)  They must be broken down in order to extract the essential amino acids they contain. 
D)  The cells of the small intestine are much too small to contain them.

Question 15

The lower region of the small intestine is structured to create large amounts of surface area so that it can more efficiently

Accepted Answer

A)  produce enzymes to break food down into smaller molecules. 
B)  grind food down into smaller molecules. 
C)  absorb the chemical building blocks produced by digestion. 
D)  eliminate waste products. 
A)  produce enzymes to break food down into smaller molecules. 
B)  grind food down into smaller molecules. 
C)  absorb the chemical building blocks produced by digestion. 
D)  eliminate waste products.

Question 16

The main function of enzymes in the human digestive tract is to

Accepted Answer

A)  create the chemical bonds that form complex carbohydrates. 
B)  ensure that fats remain grouped together in large droplets. 
C)  catalyze chemical reactions that break specific chemical bonds in food molecules. 
D)  neutralize the acids produced by the stomach. 
A)  create the chemical bonds that form complex carbohydrates. 
B)  ensure that fats remain grouped together in large droplets. 
C)  catalyze chemical reactions that break specific chemical bonds in food molecules. 
D)  neutralize the acids produced by the stomach.

Question 17

The major organ that supplies digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to the small intestine is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The major organ that supplies digestive enzymes...

Question 18

Which pair of elements would make up more of your body weight than any of the other pairs below?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium and chlorine 
B)  carbon and oxygen 
C)  phosphorus and magnesium 
D)  potassium and iodine 
A)  sodium and chlorine 
B)  carbon and oxygen 
C)  phosphorus and magnesium 
D)  potassium and iodine

Question 19

Which amino acids are humans unable to synthesize?

Accepted Answer

A)  all amino acids 
B)  most of the essential amino acids 
C)  unnecessary amino acids 
D)  essential amino acids 
A)  all amino acids 
B)  most of the essential amino acids 
C)  unnecessary amino acids 
D)  essential amino acids

Question 20

The gallbladder

Accepted Answer

A)  stores bile. 
B)  secretes digestive enzymes. 
C)  breaks down fats. 
D)  absorbs fats. 
A)  stores bile. 
B)  secretes digestive enzymes. 
C)  breaks down fats. 
D)  absorbs fats.

Exam 27: Nutrition and Digestion

The USDA food guidelines suggest a diet

What is the best way to control your weight and live longer?

Minerals are

Which of the following would NOT be found in the lower small intestine?

Consider the parts of the digestive system,particularly the place where water is removed before feces are excreted.Which organ is most likely responsible for a bout of diarrhea?

If you were a bird about to embark on a long migratory journey,which of the following would you want to have stored in large quantities?

The empty label in the following scheme most likely should read

Which of the following packs the most calories per gram?

When humans who lack a particular enzyme consume products made from cow's milk,they suffer digestive problems.The enzyme is

How rapidly an organism can absorb nutrients generally depends on

An individual who wishes to avoid getting ill during the wintertime experiments by significantly boosting vitamin intake by taking multiple vitamin supplements.This action could

Which of the following is FALSE?

Humans can synthesize some of the amino acids we need.The ones we must obtain from our food are known as ________ amino acids.

Which of the following reasons best explains why starch molecules must be broken down before they can be absorbed by the small intestine?

The lower region of the small intestine is structured to create large amounts of surface area so that it can more efficiently

The main function of enzymes in the human digestive tract is to

The major organ that supplies digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to the small intestine is the ________.

Which pair of elements would make up more of your body weight than any of the other pairs below?

Which amino acids are humans unable to synthesize?

The gallbladder

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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