Question 1

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a free phosphate group,energy is given off.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Enzymes can make reactions happen that would otherwise be impossible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Heat speeds up chemical reactions by

Accepted Answer

A)  causing the cell to produce enzymes that lower the activation energy of the reactions. 
B)  decreasing the amount of oxygen available for redox reactions. 
C)  inhibiting catabolic reactions and promoting anabolic reactions. 
D)  causing reactants to collide more often. 
A)  causing the cell to produce enzymes that lower the activation energy of the reactions. 
B)  decreasing the amount of oxygen available for redox reactions. 
C)  inhibiting catabolic reactions and promoting anabolic reactions. 
D)  causing reactants to collide more often. D

Question 4

A rotted log exemplifies the operation of the ________ law of thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A rotted log exemplifies the operation of...

Question 5

All molecules have a combination of kinetic energy and potential energy.If an external heat source were used to increase the kinetic energy of a group of molecules,the group's potential energy would

Accepted Answer

A)  decline,because the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy always equals 100 percent. 
B)  be unaffected,because no changes in the bonding pattern of the molecules would take place. 
C)  also increase,because potential energy and kinetic energy are directly proportional to each other. 
D)  decrease,because the potential energy is inversely proportional to the kinetic energy. 
A)  decline,because the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy always equals 100 percent. 
B)  be unaffected,because no changes in the bonding pattern of the molecules would take place. 
C)  also increase,because potential energy and kinetic energy are directly proportional to each other. 
D)  decrease,because the potential energy is inversely proportional to the kinetic energy.

Question 6

Sometimes enzymes need particular ions or small molecules to reach their highest activity;these ions or small molecules are called

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibitors. 
B)  cofactors. 
C)  activators. 
D)  polyfactorials. 
A)  inhibitors. 
B)  cofactors. 
C)  activators. 
D)  polyfactorials.

Question 7

The shape of an enzyme does not affect its activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A catalyst is not changed during a chemical reaction,but it affects the ________ at which the reaction occurs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A catalyst is not changed during a...

Question 9

A calorie represents the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of grams of fat in a food product. 
B)  number of times an enzyme can be reused before it must be replaced. 
C)  amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by 1°C. 
D)  temperature at which a gram of food is completely converted into carbon dioxide. 
A)  number of grams of fat in a food product. 
B)  number of times an enzyme can be reused before it must be replaced. 
C)  amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by 1°C. 
D)  temperature at which a gram of food is completely converted into carbon dioxide.

Question 10

The enzyme maltase splits the disaccharide maltose into two sugar monomers.Maltose is maltase's ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The enzyme maltase splits the disaccharide maltose...

Question 11

Almost all the chemical reactions that occur in cells are catalyzed by ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Almost all the chemical reactions that occur...

Question 12

What do catalysts and enzymes have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  They both decrease the number of collisions between substrate molecules during a reaction. 
B)  They both increase the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur. 
C)  They both increase the amount of substrate available for a reaction. 
D)  They both decrease the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur. 
A)  They both decrease the number of collisions between substrate molecules during a reaction. 
B)  They both increase the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur. 
C)  They both increase the amount of substrate available for a reaction. 
D)  They both decrease the amount of activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

Question 13

In many organelles,groups of different enzymes are located on membranes in close proximity to each other.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attaching enzymes to the membrane prevents the cell from losing them to the surrounding environment. 
B)  When enzymes are in close proximity,each one can catalyze more than one type of reaction. 
C)  These enzymes are involved in the same metabolic pathway;keeping them closer together increases the pathway's efficiency. 
D)  All enzymes must act in groups to sufficiently reduce the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction to occur. 
A)  Attaching enzymes to the membrane prevents the cell from losing them to the surrounding environment. 
B)  When enzymes are in close proximity,each one can catalyze more than one type of reaction. 
C)  These enzymes are involved in the same metabolic pathway;keeping them closer together increases the pathway's efficiency. 
D)  All enzymes must act in groups to sufficiently reduce the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction to occur.

Question 14

Comparative studies have repeatedly shown that smaller animals have faster metabolic rates than larger animals.However,human males are larger than human females,yet men have a higher average basal metabolic rate (BMR)than women.Which of the following statements explains this variation in the pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men typically weigh more than women;when standardized for body weight,the average BMR is identical for both genders. 
B)  The large average body size of men reduces the ratio of surface area to volume;body systems elevate their metabolic rates to compensate for the change. 
C)  Different tissues have different metabolic rates;the male body has a higher percentage of energy-consuming muscle than the female body. 
D)  Compared with women,men have larger digestive systems,ingest more food per meal,and metabolize food at a higher rate to maintain body weight homeostasis. 
A)  Men typically weigh more than women;when standardized for body weight,the average BMR is identical for both genders. 
B)  The large average body size of men reduces the ratio of surface area to volume;body systems elevate their metabolic rates to compensate for the change. 
C)  Different tissues have different metabolic rates;the male body has a higher percentage of energy-consuming muscle than the female body. 
D)  Compared with women,men have larger digestive systems,ingest more food per meal,and metabolize food at a higher rate to maintain body weight homeostasis.

Question 15

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a free phosphate group,which of the following processes occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADP absorbs energy and transfers it to enzymes. 
B)  Energy is released and can be used to power cellular activities. 
C)  ADP becomes the active site in an enzyme. 
D)  The energy in the broken bond is transferred to the phosphate group. 
A)  ADP absorbs energy and transfers it to enzymes. 
B)  Energy is released and can be used to power cellular activities. 
C)  ADP becomes the active site in an enzyme. 
D)  The energy in the broken bond is transferred to the phosphate group.

Question 16

A spherical rock rests at the top of a steep hill.The rock has________ energy.

Accepted Answer

A)  potential 
B)  chemical 
C)  kinetic 
D)  no 
A)  potential 
B)  chemical 
C)  kinetic 
D)  no

Question 17

Enzymes can catalyze a chemical reaction only if

Accepted Answer

A)  they encounter a molecule of ATP. 
B)  their active site is sufficiently oxidized. 
C)  they have both products in their active site at the same time. 
D)  they encounter a substrate that fits their active site. 
A)  they encounter a molecule of ATP. 
B)  their active site is sufficiently oxidized. 
C)  they have both products in their active site at the same time. 
D)  they encounter a substrate that fits their active site.

Question 18

The tiny dwarf lemur balances its energy budget by ________ and ________ by burrowing underground.

Accepted Answer

dropping its BMR,dropping its basal meta

Question 19

The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organism's

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  environment. 
C)  predators. 
D)  biosynthesis. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  environment. 
C)  predators. 
D)  biosynthesis.

Question 20

The gain of electrons by one atom from another atom is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gain of electrons by one atom...

Exam 5: Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a free phosphate group,energy is given off.

Enzymes can make reactions happen that would otherwise be impossible.

Heat speeds up chemical reactions by

A rotted log exemplifies the operation of the ________ law of thermodynamics.

All molecules have a combination of kinetic energy and potential energy.If an external heat source were used to increase the kinetic energy of a group of molecules,the group's potential energy would

Sometimes enzymes need particular ions or small molecules to reach their highest activity;these ions or small molecules are called

The shape of an enzyme does not affect its activity.

A catalyst is not changed during a chemical reaction,but it affects the ________ at which the reaction occurs.

A calorie represents the

The enzyme maltase splits the disaccharide maltose into two sugar monomers.Maltose is maltase's ________.

Almost all the chemical reactions that occur in cells are catalyzed by ________.

What do catalysts and enzymes have in common?

In many organelles,groups of different enzymes are located on membranes in close proximity to each other.Why?

When ATP breaks down into ADP and a free phosphate group,which of the following processes occurs?

A spherical rock rests at the top of a steep hill.The rock has________ energy.

Enzymes can catalyze a chemical reaction only if

The tiny dwarf lemur balances its energy budget by ________ and ________ by burrowing underground.

The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organism's

The gain of electrons by one atom from another atom is referred to as ________.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

Filters

The tiny dwarf lemur balances its energy budget by and by burrowing underground.