Question 1

Normal cellular genes that can be mutated into cancer-causing genes are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogenes. 
B)  growth factors. 
C)  proto-oncogenes. 
D)  viral proteins. 
A)  oncogenes. 
B)  growth factors. 
C)  proto-oncogenes. 
D)  viral proteins.

Question 2

Mutations in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes cause most cases of breast cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Immunotherapy has less side effects than chemotherapy because immunotherapy

Accepted Answer

A)  kills all rapidly dividing cells. 
B)  specifically targets the cancer cells. 
C)  kills viruses. 
D)  blocks the effects of carcinogens. 
A)  kills all rapidly dividing cells. 
B)  specifically targets the cancer cells. 
C)  kills viruses. 
D)  blocks the effects of carcinogens.

Question 4

Rapid cell proliferation can result from

Accepted Answer

A)  contact inhibition. 
B)  a cell ignoring a negative growth regulator. 
C)  a mutation inhibiting the action of a positive growth regulator. 
D)  the surgical removal of a benign polyp. 
A)  contact inhibition. 
B)  a cell ignoring a negative growth regulator. 
C)  a mutation inhibiting the action of a positive growth regulator. 
D)  the surgical removal of a benign polyp.

Question 5

A 20-year-old female is 5 feet 2 inches in height.She weighs 112 pounds despite getting very little physical exercise.She works at a desk 10 hours a day and sleeps 8 hours a night.From this description,her biggest risk of cancer is due to her

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of exercise. 
B)  short stature. 
C)  age. 
D)  work/sleep schedule. 
A)  lack of exercise. 
B)  short stature. 
C)  age. 
D)  work/sleep schedule.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT true of cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancer involves cell proliferation. 
B)  Cancer can be caused by viruses. 
C)  Cancer results from a balanced production of positive and negative growth regulators. 
D)  Cancer involves the loss of a cell's ability to control cell division. 
A)  Cancer involves cell proliferation. 
B)  Cancer can be caused by viruses. 
C)  Cancer results from a balanced production of positive and negative growth regulators. 
D)  Cancer involves the loss of a cell's ability to control cell division.

Question 7

A tumor that has gained the ability to spread throughout the body,generally with life-threatening consequences,is known as a ________ tumor.

Accepted Answer

A)  benign 
B)  polyp 
C)  malignant 
D)  growth-promoting 
A)  benign 
B)  polyp 
C)  malignant 
D)  growth-promoting

Question 8

Breast cancer that is not inherited is caused by ________ mutations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Breast cancer that is not inherited is...

Question 9

Grilling meat appears to be associated with an avoidable exposure to carcinogens that form when

Accepted Answer

A)  the growth hormones used by the livestock industry react at high temperature with meat proteins. 
B)  the antibiotics routinely used by the livestock industry degrade at high temperature. 
C)  certain amino acids and fats react at high temperature to form HCAs and PAHs. 
D)  combustion products from the charcoal,natural gas,or propane mutate the DNA in the cooked food. 
A)  the growth hormones used by the livestock industry react at high temperature with meat proteins. 
B)  the antibiotics routinely used by the livestock industry degrade at high temperature. 
C)  certain amino acids and fats react at high temperature to form HCAs and PAHs. 
D)  combustion products from the charcoal,natural gas,or propane mutate the DNA in the cooked food.

Question 10

Scientists develop an antibody that binds to telomerase and prevents it from repairing telomeres.This antibody would be useful in treating cancer cells because it would

Accepted Answer

A)  activate tumor suppressor genes. 
B)  activate proto-oncogenes. 
C)  give the cell immortality. 
D)  decrease the amount of times the cell could divide.o 
A)  activate tumor suppressor genes. 
B)  activate proto-oncogenes. 
C)  give the cell immortality. 
D)  decrease the amount of times the cell could divide.o

Question 11

Chemotherapy frequently causes nausea because the cells that line the digestive system

Accepted Answer

A)  have receptors similar to those found on tumor cells. 
B)  divide rapidly like tumor cells. 
C)  have more proto-oncogenes than other cell types. 
D)  produce more antibodies than other cell types. 
A)  have receptors similar to those found on tumor cells. 
B)  divide rapidly like tumor cells. 
C)  have more proto-oncogenes than other cell types. 
D)  produce more antibodies than other cell types.

Question 12

The capacity of stem cells,germ line cells,and HeLa cells to divide repeatedly suggests that they share one or more common features,the most important of which is probably the ability to synthesize ________ and repair their chromosomes after each round of cell division.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capacity of stem cells,germ line cells,and...

Question 13

For proper cell division to occur,the activity of proto-oncogenes must be balanced by the activity of ________ genes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For proper cell division to occur,the activity...

Question 14

Tamoxifen is a drug that prevents the positive growth regulator estrogen from binding the estrogen receptor on the surface of breast cancer cells.The most likely result of this is a(n)________ in production of proteins that cause ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase;programmed cell death 
B)  decrease;programmed cell death 
C)  increase;cell proliferation 
D)  decrease;cell proliferation 
A)  increase;programmed cell death 
B)  decrease;programmed cell death 
C)  increase;cell proliferation 
D)  decrease;cell proliferation

Question 15

What is the most likely explanation for why colon cancer frequently metastasizes to the liver?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood flows from the colon to the liver. 
B)  Blood flows from the liver to the colon. 
C)  There is no blood flow between these two organs. 
D)  Water moves from the colon into the blood. 
A)  Blood flows from the colon to the liver. 
B)  Blood flows from the liver to the colon. 
C)  There is no blood flow between these two organs. 
D)  Water moves from the colon into the blood.

Question 16

AIDS patients are more susceptible to infections than healthy people.Therefore,AIDS patients are more likely than healthy people to develop some cancers caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  inherited defects. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  a family history of cancer. 
D)  obesity. 
A)  inherited defects. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  a family history of cancer. 
D)  obesity.

Question 17

A disease that starts with a single cell that loses its ability to control cell division is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A disease that starts with a single...

Question 18

Examine the following diagram.Which is most likely to have occurred in panel 1,depicting proliferation?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of adhesion dependence 
B)  initiation of angiogenesis 
C)  mutation of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene 
D)  metastasis 
A)  loss of adhesion dependence 
B)  initiation of angiogenesis 
C)  mutation of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene 
D)  metastasis

Question 19

The p53 gene is activated by positive growth regulators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A physical,chemical,or biological agent that causes cancer is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  virus. 
B)  carcinogen. 
C)  oncogene. 
D)  regulatory protein. 
A)  virus. 
B)  carcinogen. 
C)  oncogene. 
D)  regulatory protein.

Exam 8: Cancer and Human Health

Normal cellular genes that can be mutated into cancer-causing genes are known as

Mutations in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes cause most cases of breast cancer.

Immunotherapy has less side effects than chemotherapy because immunotherapy

Rapid cell proliferation can result from

A 20-year-old female is 5 feet 2 inches in height.She weighs 112 pounds despite getting very little physical exercise.She works at a desk 10 hours a day and sleeps 8 hours a night.From this description,her biggest risk of cancer is due to her

Which of the following is NOT true of cancer?

A tumor that has gained the ability to spread throughout the body,generally with life-threatening consequences,is known as a ________ tumor.

Breast cancer that is not inherited is caused by ________ mutations.

Grilling meat appears to be associated with an avoidable exposure to carcinogens that form when

Scientists develop an antibody that binds to telomerase and prevents it from repairing telomeres.This antibody would be useful in treating cancer cells because it would

Chemotherapy frequently causes nausea because the cells that line the digestive system

The capacity of stem cells,germ line cells,and HeLa cells to divide repeatedly suggests that they share one or more common features,the most important of which is probably the ability to synthesize ________ and repair their chromosomes after each round of cell division.

For proper cell division to occur,the activity of proto-oncogenes must be balanced by the activity of ________ genes.

Tamoxifen is a drug that prevents the positive growth regulator estrogen from binding the estrogen receptor on the surface of breast cancer cells.The most likely result of this is a(n)________ in production of proteins that cause ________.

What is the most likely explanation for why colon cancer frequently metastasizes to the liver?

AIDS patients are more susceptible to infections than healthy people.Therefore,AIDS patients are more likely than healthy people to develop some cancers caused by

A disease that starts with a single cell that loses its ability to control cell division is ________.

Examine the following diagram.Which is most likely to have occurred in panel 1,depicting proliferation?

The p53 gene is activated by positive growth regulators.

A physical,chemical,or biological agent that causes cancer is called a(n)

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

Filters

Tamoxifen is a drug that prevents the positive growth regulator estrogen from binding the estrogen receptor on the surface of breast cancer cells.The most likely result of this is a(n) in production of proteins that cause .