Question 1

Which of the following kinds of molecules are NOT likely to be produced by a proto-oncogene?

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor proteins 
B)  positive growth factors 
C)  signaling proteins 
D)  ribosomal proteins 
A)  receptor proteins 
B)  positive growth factors 
C)  signaling proteins 
D)  ribosomal proteins

Question 2

Examine the following diagram.What will most likely happen if an antibody blocks the EGF receptor such that EGF can no longer bind to it?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will start to divide more rapidly. 
B)  The cell will stop dividing and possibly die. 
C)  More proto-oncogene protein products will be made. 
D)  Less tumor suppressor protein products will be made.o 
A)  The cell will start to divide more rapidly. 
B)  The cell will stop dividing and possibly die. 
C)  More proto-oncogene protein products will be made. 
D)  Less tumor suppressor protein products will be made.o

Question 3

Examine the following diagram.Which is most likely to have occurred in panel 3,depicting invasion?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of adhesion dependence 
B)  initiation of angiogenesis 
C)  mutation of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene 
D)  activation of tumor suppressor genes 
A)  loss of adhesion dependence 
B)  initiation of angiogenesis 
C)  mutation of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene 
D)  activation of tumor suppressor genes

Question 4

A physical,chemical,or biological agent that causes cancer is a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A physical,chemical,or biological agent that causes cancer...

Question 5

A person's risk for cancer remains stable throughout his or her life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A woman who has already had children develops skin cancer from overexposure to the sun.Is it likely that her children have inherited this cancer from her?

Accepted Answer

A)  No,because somatic mutations are not passed on to the next generation. 
B)  No,because any cancer that develops after a person is an adult cannot have a genetic component. 
C)  Yes,because almost all cancers are caused by inherited mutations. 
D)  Yes,because the woman's children have exactly the same genes as their mother. 
A)  No,because somatic mutations are not passed on to the next generation. 
B)  No,because any cancer that develops after a person is an adult cannot have a genetic component. 
C)  Yes,because almost all cancers are caused by inherited mutations. 
D)  Yes,because the woman's children have exactly the same genes as their mother.

Question 7

Immune molecules that can specifically target proteins on cancer cells are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immune molecules that can specifically target proteins...

Question 8

Both BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes that repair damaged DNA.How do mutations in these genes predispose women for breast cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  They allow future mutations to remain uncorrected. 
B)  They cause the chromosome telomeres to extend. 
C)  They lead to the construction of carcinogen receptors that pull harmful chemicals into the cell and accelerate the mutation process. 
D)  They make the cell susceptible to viral infections. 
A)  They allow future mutations to remain uncorrected. 
B)  They cause the chromosome telomeres to extend. 
C)  They lead to the construction of carcinogen receptors that pull harmful chemicals into the cell and accelerate the mutation process. 
D)  They make the cell susceptible to viral infections.

Question 9

If exposure to sunlight causes a mutation in a single proto-oncogene in a diploid cell so that it becomes hyperactive,then

Accepted Answer

A)  the remaining unmutated proto-oncogene copy will prevent the cell from becoming cancerous. 
B)  tumor suppressors will destroy the proteins made from the mutated gene. 
C)  the cell might produce a protein that pushes it into rapid cell division. 
D)  the mutated gene will be inactivated by telomerase. 
A)  the remaining unmutated proto-oncogene copy will prevent the cell from becoming cancerous. 
B)  tumor suppressors will destroy the proteins made from the mutated gene. 
C)  the cell might produce a protein that pushes it into rapid cell division. 
D)  the mutated gene will be inactivated by telomerase.

Question 10

When cells are stimulated to divide,then

Accepted Answer

A)  proto-oncogenes are inactivated. 
B)  tumor suppressors are activated. 
C)  tumor suppressors are inactivated. 
D)  oncogenes become proto-oncogenes. 
A)  proto-oncogenes are inactivated. 
B)  tumor suppressors are activated. 
C)  tumor suppressors are inactivated. 
D)  oncogenes become proto-oncogenes.

Question 11

When a mutant receptor protein no longer requires a positive growth factor to activate it,the result is

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction in cell division. 
B)  extra binding sites. 
C)  uncontrolled cell division. 
D)  lack of protein products. 
A)  reduction in cell division. 
B)  extra binding sites. 
C)  uncontrolled cell division. 
D)  lack of protein products.

Question 12

Mutations that cause an inherited risk for cancer occur in the ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mutations that cause an inherited risk for...

Question 13

A benign polyp in the colon always progresses to malignant colon cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Cancers that spread throughout the body with life-threatening consequences are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cancers that spread throughout the body with...

Question 15

The best reason for males to receive the Gardasil vaccine,which protects against human papillomavirus (HPV)infections,is to prevent

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach cancer in males. 
B)  males from transmitting the sexually transmitted disease to other people. 
C)  cancers caused by inherited mutations in males. 
D)  liver cancer in males. 
A)  stomach cancer in males. 
B)  males from transmitting the sexually transmitted disease to other people. 
C)  cancers caused by inherited mutations in males. 
D)  liver cancer in males.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the p53 protein is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It halts cell division when necessary,allowing the cell to repair damaged DNA. 
B)  It causes cells with heavily damaged,unrepairable DNA to undergo cell death. 
C)  It works with telomerase to extend the ends of the chromosomes. 
D)  It is critical to the regulation of the cell cycle. 
A)  It halts cell division when necessary,allowing the cell to repair damaged DNA. 
B)  It causes cells with heavily damaged,unrepairable DNA to undergo cell death. 
C)  It works with telomerase to extend the ends of the chromosomes. 
D)  It is critical to the regulation of the cell cycle.

Question 17

Normal cell division requires ________ proto-oncogenes and ________ tumor suppressor genes.

Accepted Answer

A)  inactivated;activated 
B)  inactivated;inactivated 
C)  activated;activated 
D)  activated;inactivated 
A)  inactivated;activated 
B)  inactivated;inactivated 
C)  activated;activated 
D)  activated;inactivated

Question 18

Tumor suppressors cause programmed cell death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The p53 gene is nonfunctional in most colon cancers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A gene that repairs double-stranded DNA breaks is a proto-oncogene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Cancer and Human Health

Which of the following kinds of molecules are NOT likely to be produced by a proto-oncogene?

Examine the following diagram.What will most likely happen if an antibody blocks the EGF receptor such that EGF can no longer bind to it?

Examine the following diagram.Which is most likely to have occurred in panel 3,depicting invasion?

A physical,chemical,or biological agent that causes cancer is a ________.

A person's risk for cancer remains stable throughout his or her life.

A woman who has already had children develops skin cancer from overexposure to the sun.Is it likely that her children have inherited this cancer from her?

Immune molecules that can specifically target proteins on cancer cells are called ________.

Both BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes that repair damaged DNA.How do mutations in these genes predispose women for breast cancer?

If exposure to sunlight causes a mutation in a single proto-oncogene in a diploid cell so that it becomes hyperactive,then

When cells are stimulated to divide,then

When a mutant receptor protein no longer requires a positive growth factor to activate it,the result is

Mutations that cause an inherited risk for cancer occur in the ________ cells.

A benign polyp in the colon always progresses to malignant colon cancer.

Cancers that spread throughout the body with life-threatening consequences are called ________.

The best reason for males to receive the Gardasil vaccine,which protects against human papillomavirus (HPV)infections,is to prevent

Which of the following statements about the p53 protein is FALSE?

Normal cell division requires ________ proto-oncogenes and ________ tumor suppressor genes.

Tumor suppressors cause programmed cell death.

The p53 gene is nonfunctional in most colon cancers.

A gene that repairs double-stranded DNA breaks is a proto-oncogene.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

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Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

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Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

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Normal cell division requires proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.